Ultimate Pediatric Pharmacology Exam: 60 Essential Questions
With Answers & Explanations For Nursing Success
1. A 3-year-old is hospitalized. What toy is most appropriate?
A. Jigsaw puzzle
B. Stuffed animal
C. Building blocks
D. Board game
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preschoolers enjoy toys that allow creativity and motor development like building
blocks.
2. A nurse is assessing a 2-month-old. Which finding should be reported?
A. Posterior fontanel closed
B. No social smile
C. Follows objects with eyes
D. Has startle reflex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 2-month-old should begin to smile socially; absence may indicate a developmental
delay.
3. A child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor for:
A. Hypertension
B. Bruising
C. Hyperactivity
,D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapy suppresses bone marrow, increasing bleeding risk due to low
platelets.
4. A 6-year-old is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What is most important to teach parents?
A. Limit fluids
B. Administer insulin as prescribed
C. Avoid exercise
D. Give high-sugar snacks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin therapy is essential for glucose control in type 1 diabetes.
5. A child has epiglottitis. What is the priority action?
A. Obtain throat culture
B. Administer antibiotics
C. Keep child calm and avoid throat exam
D. Encourage fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Throat exams can trigger airway obstruction; avoid disturbing the child.
6. A nurse is teaching about vaccine schedules. The MMR vaccine is first given at:
A. Birth
, B. 6 months
C. 9 months
D. 12 months
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MMR is typically given at 12 months of age.
7. What sign is most concerning in a child with dehydration?
A. Dry lips
B. Sunken fontanel
C. Cool extremities
D. Reduced appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sunken fontanel indicates moderate to severe dehydration in infants.
8. A 5-year-old refuses medication. What’s the best nursing approach?
A. Force it while holding the child
B. Allow the child to choose juice or water to take it with
C. Mix it in food secretly
D. Ignore the refusal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving choices helps maintain control and cooperation in children.
9. Which snack is best for a child with iron-deficiency anemia?
With Answers & Explanations For Nursing Success
1. A 3-year-old is hospitalized. What toy is most appropriate?
A. Jigsaw puzzle
B. Stuffed animal
C. Building blocks
D. Board game
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Preschoolers enjoy toys that allow creativity and motor development like building
blocks.
2. A nurse is assessing a 2-month-old. Which finding should be reported?
A. Posterior fontanel closed
B. No social smile
C. Follows objects with eyes
D. Has startle reflex
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A 2-month-old should begin to smile socially; absence may indicate a developmental
delay.
3. A child with leukemia is receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor for:
A. Hypertension
B. Bruising
C. Hyperactivity
,D. Weight gain
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chemotherapy suppresses bone marrow, increasing bleeding risk due to low
platelets.
4. A 6-year-old is diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What is most important to teach parents?
A. Limit fluids
B. Administer insulin as prescribed
C. Avoid exercise
D. Give high-sugar snacks
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Insulin therapy is essential for glucose control in type 1 diabetes.
5. A child has epiglottitis. What is the priority action?
A. Obtain throat culture
B. Administer antibiotics
C. Keep child calm and avoid throat exam
D. Encourage fluids
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Throat exams can trigger airway obstruction; avoid disturbing the child.
6. A nurse is teaching about vaccine schedules. The MMR vaccine is first given at:
A. Birth
, B. 6 months
C. 9 months
D. 12 months
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: MMR is typically given at 12 months of age.
7. What sign is most concerning in a child with dehydration?
A. Dry lips
B. Sunken fontanel
C. Cool extremities
D. Reduced appetite
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A sunken fontanel indicates moderate to severe dehydration in infants.
8. A 5-year-old refuses medication. What’s the best nursing approach?
A. Force it while holding the child
B. Allow the child to choose juice or water to take it with
C. Mix it in food secretly
D. Ignore the refusal
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Giving choices helps maintain control and cooperation in children.
9. Which snack is best for a child with iron-deficiency anemia?
