lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
NSG318 / NSG 318 EXAM 3
STUDY GUIDE BLUEPRINT
Introduction to Pharmacology - GCU
100% Guarantee Pass
### Exam #3 Blueprint Cheat sheet
**Focus:** Major Drug Classes – Part II
**Content Areas:**
- Cardiovascular drugs (antihypertensives, anticoagulants, lipid-lowering agents)
- Respiratory drugs (bronchodilators, corticosteroids)
- GI system drugs (antiemetics, antacids, laxatives)
- Assessment of patient response to medications
- Client education and safety considerations
, lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
318 Exam 3 Study Guide
TOPIC 8/9
What are the MOA, indications, and adverse effects of drugs that affect cardiovascular and
hematologic systems?
- Cardiac Glycosides
o Digoxin
▪ Asses Apical pulse if administering
▪ Uses
● Heart failure, atrial fibrillation
▪ MOA
● Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, promoting increased force of
cardiac contraction, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion
● Decreases ventricular rate
▪ Therapeutic Level
● For heart failure – 0.5 to 1 ng/mL
o Too low
▪ Not therapeutic
o Too High
▪ Digitalis Toxicity
● anorexia, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting,
bradycardia, premature ventricular
contractions, cardiac dysrhythmias,
headaches, malaise, blurred vision, visual
illusions (white, green, or yellow halos
around objects), confusion, and delirium.
▪ Antidote
● Digoxin-immune Fab
o Binds to molecule to be excreted in
urine
o Combined with diuretics (causes Hypokalemia) and
increases effect of drug
● Side Effects:
o CNS effects, GI distress
o Blurred or yellow vision
● Adverse Effects:
o Bradycardia
● Life Threatening Effects:
o Cardiac dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
▪ CAMS
● Increased effects that can lead to toxicity
1
, lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
o ginseng, hawthorn, licorice & aloe (decreases potassium
levels), ephedra
● Decreased effects of digoxin
o St. John’s wort and psyllium (fiber supplement).
- Antianginal Drugs (Nitro, Beta Blocker, CA Channel Blockers)
o Nitroglycerin
▪ Uses
● To control angina, acute MI, hypertensive crisis, pulmonary edema,
and heart failure
● Vasodilator
▪ MOA
● Decreases myocardial demand for oxygen
▪ Side effects:
● CNS effects including headache, hypotension, flushing, rash
● Syncope, diaphoresis, GI distress
● Blurred vision, dry mouth
● Palpitations, peripheral edema, tolerance
▪ Adverse Reactions:
● Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, paradoxical bradycardia
▪ Life Threatening:
● Circulatory collapse
o Beta Blockers
▪ Action
● Block beta1 and beta2 receptor sites
● Block the action of the catecholamines
● Epinephrine and norepinephrine
● Decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands
2
lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
NSG318 / NSG 318 EXAM 3
STUDY GUIDE BLUEPRINT
Introduction to Pharmacology - GCU
100% Guarantee Pass
### Exam #3 Blueprint Cheat sheet
**Focus:** Major Drug Classes – Part II
**Content Areas:**
- Cardiovascular drugs (antihypertensives, anticoagulants, lipid-lowering agents)
- Respiratory drugs (bronchodilators, corticosteroids)
- GI system drugs (antiemetics, antacids, laxatives)
- Assessment of patient response to medications
- Client education and safety considerations
, lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
318 Exam 3 Study Guide
TOPIC 8/9
What are the MOA, indications, and adverse effects of drugs that affect cardiovascular and
hematologic systems?
- Cardiac Glycosides
o Digoxin
▪ Asses Apical pulse if administering
▪ Uses
● Heart failure, atrial fibrillation
▪ MOA
● Inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, promoting increased force of
cardiac contraction, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion
● Decreases ventricular rate
▪ Therapeutic Level
● For heart failure – 0.5 to 1 ng/mL
o Too low
▪ Not therapeutic
o Too High
▪ Digitalis Toxicity
● anorexia, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting,
bradycardia, premature ventricular
contractions, cardiac dysrhythmias,
headaches, malaise, blurred vision, visual
illusions (white, green, or yellow halos
around objects), confusion, and delirium.
▪ Antidote
● Digoxin-immune Fab
o Binds to molecule to be excreted in
urine
o Combined with diuretics (causes Hypokalemia) and
increases effect of drug
● Side Effects:
o CNS effects, GI distress
o Blurred or yellow vision
● Adverse Effects:
o Bradycardia
● Life Threatening Effects:
o Cardiac dysrhythmias, thrombocytopenia
▪ CAMS
● Increased effects that can lead to toxicity
1
, lOMoA RcP S D|516 483 32
o ginseng, hawthorn, licorice & aloe (decreases potassium
levels), ephedra
● Decreased effects of digoxin
o St. John’s wort and psyllium (fiber supplement).
- Antianginal Drugs (Nitro, Beta Blocker, CA Channel Blockers)
o Nitroglycerin
▪ Uses
● To control angina, acute MI, hypertensive crisis, pulmonary edema,
and heart failure
● Vasodilator
▪ MOA
● Decreases myocardial demand for oxygen
▪ Side effects:
● CNS effects including headache, hypotension, flushing, rash
● Syncope, diaphoresis, GI distress
● Blurred vision, dry mouth
● Palpitations, peripheral edema, tolerance
▪ Adverse Reactions:
● Orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia, paradoxical bradycardia
▪ Life Threatening:
● Circulatory collapse
o Beta Blockers
▪ Action
● Block beta1 and beta2 receptor sites
● Block the action of the catecholamines
● Epinephrine and norepinephrine
● Decrease workload of heart and oxygen demands
2
