LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT ATI CMS
Comprehensive Review Study Guide
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The BEST comprehensive LEADERSHIP AND
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,Chapter 1: Managing Client Care
I. LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
A. LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT
a. Leadership, ability to inspire others to achieve a desired outcome
● Might have only the informal power afforded them by their peers
b. Management, process of planning, organizing, directing, and coordinating
the work within an organization
● Have formal positions of power and authority
B. LEADERSHIP STYLES
a. Authoritative
● Makes decisions for the group
● Motivates by coercion
● Communication occurs down the chain of command
● Work output by staff is usually high - good for crisis situations
b. Democratic
● Includes group when decisions re made
● Motivates by supporting
● Communication occurs up and down chain of command
● Work output usually of good quality when cooperation and
collaboration necessary
c. Laissez-Faire
● Makes very few decisions and does little explaining
● Motivation largely the responsibility of individual staff members
● Work output low unless an informal leader evolves from the group
C. CHARACTERISTICS OF LEADERS
a. Transformational Leaders: empowers and inspires to achieve a common,
long-term vision.
b. Transactional Leaders: focuses on immediate problems and maintains
status quo; uses rewards to motivate followers.
c. Authentic Leaders: inspires others to follow by modeling strong internal
moral code.
D. EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
● Ability of an individual to perceive and manage the emotions of self and
others.
II. CRITICAL THINKING
A. CRITICAL THINKING, used when analyzing client issues and problems. Thinking
skills include interpretation, analysis, evaluation, inference, and explanation.
● Necessary to reflect and evaluate from a broader scope of view.
B. CLINICAL REASONING, mental process used when analyzing the elements of a
clinical situation and using analysis to make a decision.
● Nurse continues to make decisions as the client’s situation changes.
C. CLINICAL JUDGMENT, decision made regarding a course of action based on a
critical analysis of data.
● Considers pt’s needs when deciding to take an action
, D. PRIORITIZATION PRINCIPLES
a. Prioritize systemic before local
● “Life before limb”
b. Prioritize acute before chronic
● Less opportunity for physical adaptation than greater opportunity
for physical adaptation
● Prioritizing the care of a client who has a new injury/illness or an
acute exacerbation of a previous illness over the care of a client
who has a long-term chronic illness
c. Prioritize actual problems before potential future problems
● Prioritizing administration of medication to a client experiencing
acute pain over ambulation of a client at risk for thrombophlebitis
d. Listen carefully to clients and don’t assure
● Asking a client who has a new diagnosis of DM what they feel is
most important to learn about disease management
e. Recognize and respond to trends vs. transient findings
● Recognizing a gradual deterioration in a client’s LOC and/or GCS
score
f. Recognize indications of medical emergencies and complications vs.
expected findings
● Recognizing indications of increasing intracranial pressure in a
client who has a new diagnosis of a strove vs. the findings
expected following a stroke
g. Apply clinical knowledge to procedural standards to determine the priority
action
● Recognizing that the timing of administration of antidiabetic and
antimicrobial medications is more important than administration of
some other medications
E. PRIORITY-SETTING FRAMEWORKS
a. Maslow’s Hierarchy
● Hierarchy of human needs when prioritizing interventions
1. Physiological
2. Safety and security
3. Love and belonging
4. Self-esteem
5. Self-actualization
b. ABC Framework
1. Airway
2. Breathing
3. Circulation
4. Disability
5. Exposure
- Remove client’s clothing
- Reduce the risk for hypothermia