, HTML
About the Tutorial
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is the most widely used language on
Web to develop web pages.
HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991 but "HTML 2.0" was the first standard HTML
specification which was published in 1995. HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML and it
was published in late 1999. Though HTML 4.01 version is widely used but currently we are
having HTML-5 version which is an extension to HTML 4.01, and this version was published
in 2012.
Audience
This tutorial is designed for the aspiring Web Designers and Developers with a need to
understand the HTML in enough detail along with its simple overview, and practical
examples. This tutorial will give you enough ingredients to start with HTML from where
you can take yourself at higher level of expertise.
Prerequisites
Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a basic working knowledge with
Windows or Linux operating system, additionally you must be familiar with:
Experience with any text editor like notepad, notepad++, or Edit plus etc.
How to create directories and files on your computer.
How to navigate through different directories.
How to type content in a file and save them on a computer.
Understanding about images in different formats like JPEG, PNG format.
Copyright & Disclaimer
Copyright 2015 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at
i
, HTML
Table of Contents
About the Tutorial .................................................................................................................................... i
Audience .................................................................................................................................................. i
Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................ i
Copyright & Disclaimer............................................................................................................................. i
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... ii
1. HTML – OVERVIEW.............................................................................................................. 1
Basic HTML Document ............................................................................................................................ 1
HTML Tags ............................................................................................................................................... 2
HTML Document Structure ...................................................................................................................... 3
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration .................................................................................................................. 3
2. HTML – BASIC TAGS............................................................................................................. 4
Heading Tags ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Paragraph Tag ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Line Break Tag ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Centering Content ................................................................................................................................... 6
Horizontal Lines ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Preserve Formatting ................................................................................................................................ 7
Nonbreaking Spaces ................................................................................................................................ 8
3. HTML – ELEMENTS .............................................................................................................. 9
HTML Tag vs. Element ............................................................................................................................. 9
Nested HTML Elements ........................................................................................................................... 9
4. HTML – ATTRIBUTES .......................................................................................................... 11
Core Attributes...................................................................................................................................... 12
Internationalization Attributes .............................................................................................................. 13
The xml:lang Attribute .......................................................................................................................... 15
ii
, HTML
5. HTML – FORMATTING ....................................................................................................... 17
Bold Text ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Italic Text .............................................................................................................................................. 17
Underlined Text .................................................................................................................................... 18
Strike Text ............................................................................................................................................. 18
Monospaced Font ................................................................................................................................. 19
Superscript Text .................................................................................................................................... 19
Subscript Text ....................................................................................................................................... 20
Inserted Text ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Deleted Text .......................................................................................................................................... 21
Larger Text ............................................................................................................................................ 21
Smaller Text .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Grouping Content.................................................................................................................................. 22
6. HTML – PHRASE TAGS ....................................................................................................... 24
Emphasized Text ................................................................................................................................... 24
Marked Text .......................................................................................................................................... 24
Strong Text ............................................................................................................................................ 25
Text Abbreviation ................................................................................................................................. 25
Acronym Element .................................................................................................................................. 26
Text Direction........................................................................................................................................ 26
Special Terms ........................................................................................................................................ 27
Quoting Text ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Short Quotations ................................................................................................................................... 28
Text Citations ........................................................................................................................................ 28
Computer Code ..................................................................................................................................... 29
Keyboard Text ....................................................................................................................................... 29
Programming Variables ......................................................................................................................... 30
iii
About the Tutorial
HTML stands for Hyper Text Markup Language, which is the most widely used language on
Web to develop web pages.
HTML was created by Berners-Lee in late 1991 but "HTML 2.0" was the first standard HTML
specification which was published in 1995. HTML 4.01 was a major version of HTML and it
was published in late 1999. Though HTML 4.01 version is widely used but currently we are
having HTML-5 version which is an extension to HTML 4.01, and this version was published
in 2012.
Audience
This tutorial is designed for the aspiring Web Designers and Developers with a need to
understand the HTML in enough detail along with its simple overview, and practical
examples. This tutorial will give you enough ingredients to start with HTML from where
you can take yourself at higher level of expertise.
Prerequisites
Before proceeding with this tutorial you should have a basic working knowledge with
Windows or Linux operating system, additionally you must be familiar with:
Experience with any text editor like notepad, notepad++, or Edit plus etc.
How to create directories and files on your computer.
How to navigate through different directories.
How to type content in a file and save them on a computer.
Understanding about images in different formats like JPEG, PNG format.
Copyright & Disclaimer
Copyright 2015 by Tutorials Point (I) Pvt. Ltd.
All the content and graphics published in this e-book are the property of Tutorials Point (I)
Pvt. Ltd. The user of this e-book is prohibited to reuse, retain, copy, distribute or republish
any contents or a part of contents of this e-book in any manner without written consent
of the publisher.
We strive to update the contents of our website and tutorials as timely and as precisely as
possible, however, the contents may contain inaccuracies or errors. Tutorials Point (I) Pvt.
Ltd. provides no guarantee regarding the accuracy, timeliness or completeness of our
website or its contents including this tutorial. If you discover any errors on our website or
in this tutorial, please notify us at
i
, HTML
Table of Contents
About the Tutorial .................................................................................................................................... i
Audience .................................................................................................................................................. i
Prerequisites ............................................................................................................................................ i
Copyright & Disclaimer............................................................................................................................. i
Table of Contents .................................................................................................................................... ii
1. HTML – OVERVIEW.............................................................................................................. 1
Basic HTML Document ............................................................................................................................ 1
HTML Tags ............................................................................................................................................... 2
HTML Document Structure ...................................................................................................................... 3
The <!DOCTYPE> Declaration .................................................................................................................. 3
2. HTML – BASIC TAGS............................................................................................................. 4
Heading Tags ........................................................................................................................................... 4
Paragraph Tag ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Line Break Tag ......................................................................................................................................... 5
Centering Content ................................................................................................................................... 6
Horizontal Lines ...................................................................................................................................... 6
Preserve Formatting ................................................................................................................................ 7
Nonbreaking Spaces ................................................................................................................................ 8
3. HTML – ELEMENTS .............................................................................................................. 9
HTML Tag vs. Element ............................................................................................................................. 9
Nested HTML Elements ........................................................................................................................... 9
4. HTML – ATTRIBUTES .......................................................................................................... 11
Core Attributes...................................................................................................................................... 12
Internationalization Attributes .............................................................................................................. 13
The xml:lang Attribute .......................................................................................................................... 15
ii
, HTML
5. HTML – FORMATTING ....................................................................................................... 17
Bold Text ............................................................................................................................................... 17
Italic Text .............................................................................................................................................. 17
Underlined Text .................................................................................................................................... 18
Strike Text ............................................................................................................................................. 18
Monospaced Font ................................................................................................................................. 19
Superscript Text .................................................................................................................................... 19
Subscript Text ....................................................................................................................................... 20
Inserted Text ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Deleted Text .......................................................................................................................................... 21
Larger Text ............................................................................................................................................ 21
Smaller Text .......................................................................................................................................... 22
Grouping Content.................................................................................................................................. 22
6. HTML – PHRASE TAGS ....................................................................................................... 24
Emphasized Text ................................................................................................................................... 24
Marked Text .......................................................................................................................................... 24
Strong Text ............................................................................................................................................ 25
Text Abbreviation ................................................................................................................................. 25
Acronym Element .................................................................................................................................. 26
Text Direction........................................................................................................................................ 26
Special Terms ........................................................................................................................................ 27
Quoting Text ......................................................................................................................................... 27
Short Quotations ................................................................................................................................... 28
Text Citations ........................................................................................................................................ 28
Computer Code ..................................................................................................................................... 29
Keyboard Text ....................................................................................................................................... 29
Programming Variables ......................................................................................................................... 30
iii
