Exam 3 - BIOS252 / BIOS 252 (Latest
) : Anatomy And Physiology II
With Lab - Chamberlain
Section 1: Endocrine System (Questions 1–20)
1. The adrenal medulla releases which hormones in response to sympathetic nervous
system input?
A. hGH
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
D. CRH
E. Triiodothyronine
Answer: Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
Rationale: The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to
sympathetic stimulation, preparing the body for fight-or-flight.
2. The release of cortisol is regulated by which hormone from the anterior pituitary
gland?
A. TRH
B. ACTH
C. GHRH
D. hGH
E. TSH
Answer: ACTH
Rationale: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary stimulates
cortisol release from the adrenal cortex.
3. Insulin-like growth factor is produced by which organ?
A. Posterior pituitary
B. Anterior pituitary
C. Hypothalamus
D. Liver
E. Pancreas
Answer: Liver
Rationale: The liver produces insulin-like growth factor (IGF) in response to growth
hormone stimulation.
, 4. What is the active form of thyroid hormone in the human body?
A. T3
B. T4
C. T1
D. T5
E. T0
Answer: T3
Rationale: Triiodothyronine (T3) is the active form of thyroid hormone, more potent
than T4.
5. Which hormones directly affect glucose levels in the blood? (Select all that apply)
A. Glucagon
B. Glycogen
C. Insulin
D. Cortisol
E. Epinephrine
Answer: Glucagon, Insulin, Cortisol, Epinephrine
Rationale: Glucagon and epinephrine raise blood glucose, insulin lowers it, and cortisol
influences glucose metabolism. Glycogen is not a hormone.
6. What is the function of endocrine glands?
A. Excrete substances through ducts
B. Excrete substances directly into the bloodstream
C. Produce neurotransmitters
D. Regulate muscle contraction
Answer: Excrete substances directly into the bloodstream
Rationale: Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, unlike
exocrine glands.
7. Which glands are both endocrine and exocrine? (Select all that apply)
A. Pancreas
B. Thyroid
C. Pituitary
D. Ovaries
E. Testes
Answer: Pancreas, Ovaries, Testes
Rationale: The pancreas (insulin, glucagon, digestive enzymes), ovaries, and testes (sex
hormones, gametes) have both endocrine and exocrine functions.
8. What is a paracrine hormone?
A. Acts on distant cells via the bloodstream
B. Acts on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream
) : Anatomy And Physiology II
With Lab - Chamberlain
Section 1: Endocrine System (Questions 1–20)
1. The adrenal medulla releases which hormones in response to sympathetic nervous
system input?
A. hGH
B. Cortisol
C. Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
D. CRH
E. Triiodothyronine
Answer: Epinephrine/Norepinephrine
Rationale: The adrenal medulla releases epinephrine and norepinephrine in response to
sympathetic stimulation, preparing the body for fight-or-flight.
2. The release of cortisol is regulated by which hormone from the anterior pituitary
gland?
A. TRH
B. ACTH
C. GHRH
D. hGH
E. TSH
Answer: ACTH
Rationale: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the anterior pituitary stimulates
cortisol release from the adrenal cortex.
3. Insulin-like growth factor is produced by which organ?
A. Posterior pituitary
B. Anterior pituitary
C. Hypothalamus
D. Liver
E. Pancreas
Answer: Liver
Rationale: The liver produces insulin-like growth factor (IGF) in response to growth
hormone stimulation.
, 4. What is the active form of thyroid hormone in the human body?
A. T3
B. T4
C. T1
D. T5
E. T0
Answer: T3
Rationale: Triiodothyronine (T3) is the active form of thyroid hormone, more potent
than T4.
5. Which hormones directly affect glucose levels in the blood? (Select all that apply)
A. Glucagon
B. Glycogen
C. Insulin
D. Cortisol
E. Epinephrine
Answer: Glucagon, Insulin, Cortisol, Epinephrine
Rationale: Glucagon and epinephrine raise blood glucose, insulin lowers it, and cortisol
influences glucose metabolism. Glycogen is not a hormone.
6. What is the function of endocrine glands?
A. Excrete substances through ducts
B. Excrete substances directly into the bloodstream
C. Produce neurotransmitters
D. Regulate muscle contraction
Answer: Excrete substances directly into the bloodstream
Rationale: Endocrine glands release hormones directly into the bloodstream, unlike
exocrine glands.
7. Which glands are both endocrine and exocrine? (Select all that apply)
A. Pancreas
B. Thyroid
C. Pituitary
D. Ovaries
E. Testes
Answer: Pancreas, Ovaries, Testes
Rationale: The pancreas (insulin, glucagon, digestive enzymes), ovaries, and testes (sex
hormones, gametes) have both endocrine and exocrine functions.
8. What is a paracrine hormone?
A. Acts on distant cells via the bloodstream
B. Acts on neighboring cells without entering the bloodstream
