COMPTIA Network+ N10-009 Exam |2025-2026 LATEST UPDATED| REAL
EXAM AND COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED
CORRECT | 100% VERFIED | ALREADY GRADED A+
What does the OSI model stand for and what are the seven layers? - (answer)Open Systems
Interconnection Reference Model
Layer 7 = Application
Layer 6 = Presentation
Layer 5 = Session
Layer 4 = Transport
Layer 3 = Network
Layer 2 = Data Link
Layer 1 = Physical
Describe layer 1 of the OSI model - (answer)Physical layer -- signaling, cabling, connections
No protocols
Examples of layer 1 issues and solutions - (answer)Fix cabling, punch-downs, etc.
Run loopback tests, test/replace cables, swap adapter cards
,Loopback test - (answer)A diagnostic procedure that verifies the integrity of a communication
pathway by sending a signal from a device and returning it to the same device
Describe layer 2 of the OSI model - (answer)Data Link layer, the basic network "language", the
foundation of communication
* MAC address on Ethernet
The "switching" layer
Describe layer 3 of the OSI model - (answer)Network layer, the "routing layer"
* Internet Protocol (IP)
* Fragments frames to traverse different networks
Describe layer 4 of the OSI model - (answer)Transport layer, the "post office" layer, parcels and
lettings from one side of the network to the other
* TCP & UDP
Describe layer 5 of the OSI model - (answer)Session layer, communication between devices
(start, stop, restart)
,* Control protocols, tunneling protocols
Describe layer 6 of the OSI model - (answer)Presentation layer
* Character encoding
* Application encryption
* Often combined with layer 7, the application layer
Describe layer 7 of the OSI model - (answer)Application layer, the layer we see
* HTTP, FTP, DNS, POP3
OSI model mapped to real-world - (answer)Layer 7 = Your eyes
Layer 6 = Application encryption (SSL/TLS)
Layer 5 = Control protocols, tunneling protocols
Layer 4 = TCP segment, UDP datagram
Layer 3 = IP Address, Router, Packet
Layer 2 = Frame, MAC address, Extended Unique Identifier (EUI-48, EUI-64), Switch
Layer 1 = Cables, fiber, and the signal itself
, Real-world example of the OSI model - (answer)Application: https://mail.google.com
Presentation: SSL encryption
Session: Link the presentation to the transport
Transport: TCP encapsulation
Network: IP encapsulation
Data Link: Ethernet
Physical: Electrical signals
Router - (answer)- Routes traffic between IP subnets
- OSI layer 3 devices
- Routers inside of switches sometimes called "layer 3 switches"
- Often connects diverse network types
* LAN, WAN, copper, fiber
Switch - (answer)- Forwards traffic based on data link address
- May provide PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Multilayer switch - (answer)includes layer 3 (routing) functionality
EXAM AND COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 100% RATED
CORRECT | 100% VERFIED | ALREADY GRADED A+
What does the OSI model stand for and what are the seven layers? - (answer)Open Systems
Interconnection Reference Model
Layer 7 = Application
Layer 6 = Presentation
Layer 5 = Session
Layer 4 = Transport
Layer 3 = Network
Layer 2 = Data Link
Layer 1 = Physical
Describe layer 1 of the OSI model - (answer)Physical layer -- signaling, cabling, connections
No protocols
Examples of layer 1 issues and solutions - (answer)Fix cabling, punch-downs, etc.
Run loopback tests, test/replace cables, swap adapter cards
,Loopback test - (answer)A diagnostic procedure that verifies the integrity of a communication
pathway by sending a signal from a device and returning it to the same device
Describe layer 2 of the OSI model - (answer)Data Link layer, the basic network "language", the
foundation of communication
* MAC address on Ethernet
The "switching" layer
Describe layer 3 of the OSI model - (answer)Network layer, the "routing layer"
* Internet Protocol (IP)
* Fragments frames to traverse different networks
Describe layer 4 of the OSI model - (answer)Transport layer, the "post office" layer, parcels and
lettings from one side of the network to the other
* TCP & UDP
Describe layer 5 of the OSI model - (answer)Session layer, communication between devices
(start, stop, restart)
,* Control protocols, tunneling protocols
Describe layer 6 of the OSI model - (answer)Presentation layer
* Character encoding
* Application encryption
* Often combined with layer 7, the application layer
Describe layer 7 of the OSI model - (answer)Application layer, the layer we see
* HTTP, FTP, DNS, POP3
OSI model mapped to real-world - (answer)Layer 7 = Your eyes
Layer 6 = Application encryption (SSL/TLS)
Layer 5 = Control protocols, tunneling protocols
Layer 4 = TCP segment, UDP datagram
Layer 3 = IP Address, Router, Packet
Layer 2 = Frame, MAC address, Extended Unique Identifier (EUI-48, EUI-64), Switch
Layer 1 = Cables, fiber, and the signal itself
, Real-world example of the OSI model - (answer)Application: https://mail.google.com
Presentation: SSL encryption
Session: Link the presentation to the transport
Transport: TCP encapsulation
Network: IP encapsulation
Data Link: Ethernet
Physical: Electrical signals
Router - (answer)- Routes traffic between IP subnets
- OSI layer 3 devices
- Routers inside of switches sometimes called "layer 3 switches"
- Often connects diverse network types
* LAN, WAN, copper, fiber
Switch - (answer)- Forwards traffic based on data link address
- May provide PoE (Power over Ethernet)
Multilayer switch - (answer)includes layer 3 (routing) functionality
