CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
NEW
2025
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
sinus rhythm - ANSWER >>regular rhythm
Set by SA node at 60 to 100 bpm
P waves normal normal
qrs PR 0.12 - 0.2 normal
qrs less than 0.10
wide qrs is - ANSWER >>greater than 0.12
Sinus Tachycardia - ANSWER >>100-160 bpm
SA node
reduced time for ventricle filling
assess for SOB or chest pain
a prolonged QT interval - ANSWER >>more prone to arrhythmia
NSR reflects the heart's - ANSWER >>normal electrical activity, providing
synchrony between the atria and the ventricles.
Sinus tachycardia occurs when the - ANSWER >>sinus node discharges impulses
too fast (100 - 160 beats/minute). All other parameters are normal
Facts about sinus tachycardia - ANSWER >>Normal response of heart in certain
circumstances (for example exercise)
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
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2025
, CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
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•Begins and ends gradually in contrast to other tachycardias
•Usually benign arrhythmia that goes away when underlying cause is treated
•Common causes: Anxiety, hypoxia, hypovolemia, hypotension, heart failure, pain,
drugs that increase sympathetic tone (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine,
dobutamine, isoproterenol, nitroprusside), and drugs that decrease parasympathetic
tone (atropine)
•Persistent sinus tachycardia may result in decreased cardiac output due to a
decrease in stroke volume. Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may result in a decrease in cardiac
output.
Sinus bradycardia occurs when - ANSWER >>the sinus node discharges impulses
too slow (40 - 60 beats/minute). All other parameters are normal.
Sinus bradycardia features - ANSWER >>regular rhythm, rate 40-60 bpm
Normal p waves
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.2
QRS normal less than 0.1
Facts about sinus bradycardia - ANSWER >>Normal response of heart in certain
circumstances (for example relaxation, sleep)
•Most common arrhythmia associated with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction
•Other causes: Reperfusion rhythm following myocardial reperfusion procedures
(thrombolytic administration, angioplasty); vagal stimulation; sleep apnea; hyperkalemia;
increased intracranial pressure; disease of SA node; and administration of drugs, such
as digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
, CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
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2025
•Persistent bradycardia may result in decreased cardiac output due to a decrease in
heart rate. Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A decrease in either stroke
volume or heart rate may result in a decrease in cardiac output.
Treatment of sinus bradycardia - ANSWER >>No treatment is necessary if patient
is asymptomatic.
•Symptomatic bradycardia is initially treated with oxygen and atropine IV push. If
unsuccessful, external pacing or transvenous pacing may be used.
•Chronic sinus bradycardia may require a permanent pacemaker.
Sinus arrhythmia occurs when - ANSWER >>the sinus node discharges impulses
irregularly. The heart rate may be normal range or slow. All other parameters are
normal.
Sinus arrhythmia ECG features - ANSWER >>irregular rhythm rate normal or slow
P waves normal
PR interval normal
0.12 to 0.20
QRS normal less than 0.1
Facts about sinus arrhythmia - ANSWER >>Normal phenomenon usually
associated with phases of respiration (heart rate increases with inspiration and
decreases with expiration)
•Most commonly observed in infants, children, and young adults, although it may occur
in any age-group
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
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2025
, CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
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2025
•Frequently occurs along with sinus bradycardia, in which case it is usually called sinus
arrhythmia with a bradycardic rate
•Treatment: Does not require intervention unless accompanied by symptomatic
bradycardia (follow symptomatic bradycardia protocols)
Sinus pause - ANSWER >>A broad term used to describe a sudden pause in the
basic rhythm with one or more missing beats; two rhythms fall under this category:
Sinus arrest and Sinus exit block
sinus arrest - ANSWER >>SA node fails to initiate impulse; represents a problem
with SA node automaticity; basic rhythm does not resume on time following pause.
Sinus exit block - ANSWER >>SA node initiates impulse, but impulse is blocked as
it exits SA node; represents a problem with SA node conductivity; basic rhythm
resumes on time following pause.
Sinus arrest and sinus exit block ECG - ANSWER >>Rhythm: basic is regular with
sudden pause with one or more missing beats, HR may slow for several beats after
pause but then return to basic rate.
P waves: sinus with basic rhythm, absent during pause
PR interval: normal during basic, absent during pause
QRS normal during basic, absent during pause
Sinus block: basic rhythm resumes on time after pause
Sinus arrest: basic rhythm does not resume on time after pause
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
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2025
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
sinus rhythm - ANSWER >>regular rhythm
Set by SA node at 60 to 100 bpm
P waves normal normal
qrs PR 0.12 - 0.2 normal
qrs less than 0.10
wide qrs is - ANSWER >>greater than 0.12
Sinus Tachycardia - ANSWER >>100-160 bpm
SA node
reduced time for ventricle filling
assess for SOB or chest pain
a prolonged QT interval - ANSWER >>more prone to arrhythmia
NSR reflects the heart's - ANSWER >>normal electrical activity, providing
synchrony between the atria and the ventricles.
Sinus tachycardia occurs when the - ANSWER >>sinus node discharges impulses
too fast (100 - 160 beats/minute). All other parameters are normal
Facts about sinus tachycardia - ANSWER >>Normal response of heart in certain
circumstances (for example exercise)
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
, CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
NEW
2025
•Begins and ends gradually in contrast to other tachycardias
•Usually benign arrhythmia that goes away when underlying cause is treated
•Common causes: Anxiety, hypoxia, hypovolemia, hypotension, heart failure, pain,
drugs that increase sympathetic tone (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine,
dobutamine, isoproterenol, nitroprusside), and drugs that decrease parasympathetic
tone (atropine)
•Persistent sinus tachycardia may result in decreased cardiac output due to a
decrease in stroke volume. Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A
decrease in either stroke volume or heart rate may result in a decrease in cardiac
output.
Sinus bradycardia occurs when - ANSWER >>the sinus node discharges impulses
too slow (40 - 60 beats/minute). All other parameters are normal.
Sinus bradycardia features - ANSWER >>regular rhythm, rate 40-60 bpm
Normal p waves
PR interval normal 0.12 to 0.2
QRS normal less than 0.1
Facts about sinus bradycardia - ANSWER >>Normal response of heart in certain
circumstances (for example relaxation, sleep)
•Most common arrhythmia associated with acute inferior wall myocardial infarction
•Other causes: Reperfusion rhythm following myocardial reperfusion procedures
(thrombolytic administration, angioplasty); vagal stimulation; sleep apnea; hyperkalemia;
increased intracranial pressure; disease of SA node; and administration of drugs, such
as digitalis, calcium channel blockers, and beta blockers
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
, CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND
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2025
•Persistent bradycardia may result in decreased cardiac output due to a decrease in
heart rate. Cardiac output = stroke volume ×heart rate. A decrease in either stroke
volume or heart rate may result in a decrease in cardiac output.
Treatment of sinus bradycardia - ANSWER >>No treatment is necessary if patient
is asymptomatic.
•Symptomatic bradycardia is initially treated with oxygen and atropine IV push. If
unsuccessful, external pacing or transvenous pacing may be used.
•Chronic sinus bradycardia may require a permanent pacemaker.
Sinus arrhythmia occurs when - ANSWER >>the sinus node discharges impulses
irregularly. The heart rate may be normal range or slow. All other parameters are
normal.
Sinus arrhythmia ECG features - ANSWER >>irregular rhythm rate normal or slow
P waves normal
PR interval normal
0.12 to 0.20
QRS normal less than 0.1
Facts about sinus arrhythmia - ANSWER >>Normal phenomenon usually
associated with phases of respiration (heart rate increases with inspiration and
decreases with expiration)
•Most commonly observed in infants, children, and young adults, although it may occur
in any age-group
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
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2025
, CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
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2025
•Frequently occurs along with sinus bradycardia, in which case it is usually called sinus
arrhythmia with a bradycardic rate
•Treatment: Does not require intervention unless accompanied by symptomatic
bradycardia (follow symptomatic bradycardia protocols)
Sinus pause - ANSWER >>A broad term used to describe a sudden pause in the
basic rhythm with one or more missing beats; two rhythms fall under this category:
Sinus arrest and Sinus exit block
sinus arrest - ANSWER >>SA node fails to initiate impulse; represents a problem
with SA node automaticity; basic rhythm does not resume on time following pause.
Sinus exit block - ANSWER >>SA node initiates impulse, but impulse is blocked as
it exits SA node; represents a problem with SA node conductivity; basic rhythm
resumes on time following pause.
Sinus arrest and sinus exit block ECG - ANSWER >>Rhythm: basic is regular with
sudden pause with one or more missing beats, HR may slow for several beats after
pause but then return to basic rate.
P waves: sinus with basic rhythm, absent during pause
PR interval: normal during basic, absent during pause
QRS normal during basic, absent during pause
Sinus block: basic rhythm resumes on time after pause
Sinus arrest: basic rhythm does not resume on time after pause
CARDIOLOGY NURSING 1 HUMBER FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS GUARANTEED PASS BRAND NEW
2025
