NUR 631 ADVANCED PATHO FINAL EXAM 2025
(ACTUAL EXAM) | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS | GRADED A+ |
NEWEST VERSION | VERIFIED ANSWERS
In which type of pleural effusion does the fluid become watery and diffuse out of
the capillaries as a result of increased blood pressure or decreased capillary
oncotic pressure?
A. exudative
B. Purulent
C. Transudative
D. Large - (ANSWER)ANS: C
In transudative pleural effusion, the fluid, or transudate, is watery and diffuses
out of the capillaries as a result of disorders that increase intravascular
hydrostatic pressure or decrease capillary oncotic pressure. The described
mechanism is not associated with the other forms of pleural effusion.
HPV causes what cancer? - (ANSWER)cervical cancer
Human herpesvirus (HHV) 8 causes what cancer? - (ANSWER)Kaposi Sarcoma
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes what type of cancer? - (ANSWER)Liver Cancer
Helicobacter pylori causes what type of cancer? - (ANSWER)Stomach Cancer
,Research has shown a link between cancer and which sexually transmitted
disease?
A. Syphilis
B. Gonorrhea
C. HPV
D. Pelvic inflammatory disease - (ANSWER)ANS: C
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in
the United States. High-risk, or oncogenic, HPVs can cause cancer. A persistence
of infection with high-risk HPV is a prerequisite for the development of cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and invasive cervical cancers. No research
supports such a link between the remaining options and
Research data support a carcinogenic relationship in children resulting from
exposure to which virus?
A. Herpes simplex virus
B. Influenza
C. Varicella zoster virus
D. Epstein-Barr virus - (ANSWER)ANS: D
The strongest association between viruses and the development of cancer in
children has been the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal
carcinoma, and Hodgkin disease. No current research supports a link between the
remaining options and childhood cancer.
A child diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has an
increased risk of developing:
,A. Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
B. Retinoblastoma
C. Eptein-Barr
D. Leukemia - (ANSWER)ANS: A
Children with AIDS have an increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma
and Kaposi sarcoma. Leukemia is linked to retinoblastoma. Epstein-Barr has been
linked to the development of some cancers, whereas no known link has been
found between AIDS and the development of leukemia.
In infectious mononucleosis (IM), what does the Monospot test detect?
A. IgE
B. IgM
C. IgG
D. IgA - (ANSWER)ANS: B
Heterophile antibodies are a heterogeneous group of IgM antibodies that are
agglutinins against nonhuman red blood cells (e.g., sheep, horse) and are
detected by qualitative (monospot) or quantitative (heterophile antibody) test
methods. This statement is not true of the other options.
Infectious mononucleosis is mostly caused by what virus? - (ANSWER)Epstein-
Barr virus
The Philadelphia chromosome is present in more than 95% of patients with this...
- (ANSWER)Chronic myelogenous leukemia
, Bence Jones protein is present in the blood and urine in approximately 80% of
patients with.... - (ANSWER)Multiple myeloma
_________________ is characterized by its progression from one group of lymph
nodes to another, the development of systemic symptoms, and the presence of
Reed-Sternberg cells - (ANSWER)Hodgkin lymphoma
Prerenal injury from poor perfusion can result from which condition? (Select all
that apply.)
a. bilateral ureteral obstruction
b. renal vasoconstriction
c. renal artery thrombosis
d. hemorrhage
e. hypostension - (ANSWER)ANS: B, C, D, E
Poor perfusion can result from renal artery thrombosis, hypotension related to
hypovolemia (dehydration, diarrhea, fluid shifts) or hemorrhage, renal
vasoconstriction and alterations in renal regional blood flow, microthrombi, or
kidney edema that restricts arterial blood flow. Bilateral ureteral obstruction is
not associated with prerenal injuries.
Hypercalciuria is primarily attributable to which alteration?
a. defective renal calcium reabsorption
b. intestinal hyperabsorption of dietary calcium
(ACTUAL EXAM) | ALL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH EXPLANATIONS | GRADED A+ |
NEWEST VERSION | VERIFIED ANSWERS
In which type of pleural effusion does the fluid become watery and diffuse out of
the capillaries as a result of increased blood pressure or decreased capillary
oncotic pressure?
A. exudative
B. Purulent
C. Transudative
D. Large - (ANSWER)ANS: C
In transudative pleural effusion, the fluid, or transudate, is watery and diffuses
out of the capillaries as a result of disorders that increase intravascular
hydrostatic pressure or decrease capillary oncotic pressure. The described
mechanism is not associated with the other forms of pleural effusion.
HPV causes what cancer? - (ANSWER)cervical cancer
Human herpesvirus (HHV) 8 causes what cancer? - (ANSWER)Kaposi Sarcoma
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) causes what type of cancer? - (ANSWER)Liver Cancer
Helicobacter pylori causes what type of cancer? - (ANSWER)Stomach Cancer
,Research has shown a link between cancer and which sexually transmitted
disease?
A. Syphilis
B. Gonorrhea
C. HPV
D. Pelvic inflammatory disease - (ANSWER)ANS: C
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus in
the United States. High-risk, or oncogenic, HPVs can cause cancer. A persistence
of infection with high-risk HPV is a prerequisite for the development of cervical
intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and invasive cervical cancers. No research
supports such a link between the remaining options and
Research data support a carcinogenic relationship in children resulting from
exposure to which virus?
A. Herpes simplex virus
B. Influenza
C. Varicella zoster virus
D. Epstein-Barr virus - (ANSWER)ANS: D
The strongest association between viruses and the development of cancer in
children has been the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal
carcinoma, and Hodgkin disease. No current research supports a link between the
remaining options and childhood cancer.
A child diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has an
increased risk of developing:
,A. Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
B. Retinoblastoma
C. Eptein-Barr
D. Leukemia - (ANSWER)ANS: A
Children with AIDS have an increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma
and Kaposi sarcoma. Leukemia is linked to retinoblastoma. Epstein-Barr has been
linked to the development of some cancers, whereas no known link has been
found between AIDS and the development of leukemia.
In infectious mononucleosis (IM), what does the Monospot test detect?
A. IgE
B. IgM
C. IgG
D. IgA - (ANSWER)ANS: B
Heterophile antibodies are a heterogeneous group of IgM antibodies that are
agglutinins against nonhuman red blood cells (e.g., sheep, horse) and are
detected by qualitative (monospot) or quantitative (heterophile antibody) test
methods. This statement is not true of the other options.
Infectious mononucleosis is mostly caused by what virus? - (ANSWER)Epstein-
Barr virus
The Philadelphia chromosome is present in more than 95% of patients with this...
- (ANSWER)Chronic myelogenous leukemia
, Bence Jones protein is present in the blood and urine in approximately 80% of
patients with.... - (ANSWER)Multiple myeloma
_________________ is characterized by its progression from one group of lymph
nodes to another, the development of systemic symptoms, and the presence of
Reed-Sternberg cells - (ANSWER)Hodgkin lymphoma
Prerenal injury from poor perfusion can result from which condition? (Select all
that apply.)
a. bilateral ureteral obstruction
b. renal vasoconstriction
c. renal artery thrombosis
d. hemorrhage
e. hypostension - (ANSWER)ANS: B, C, D, E
Poor perfusion can result from renal artery thrombosis, hypotension related to
hypovolemia (dehydration, diarrhea, fluid shifts) or hemorrhage, renal
vasoconstriction and alterations in renal regional blood flow, microthrombi, or
kidney edema that restricts arterial blood flow. Bilateral ureteral obstruction is
not associated with prerenal injuries.
Hypercalciuria is primarily attributable to which alteration?
a. defective renal calcium reabsorption
b. intestinal hyperabsorption of dietary calcium
