Crude Oil
What is Crude oil?
● Crude Oil is a finite resource and non-renewable
● Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons
Physical Properties:
● As the molecules get bigger, the boiling point increases as the larger molecules are
more strongly attracted to each other. This requires more thermal energy to
break these strong bonds
● As the molecules get bigger, the liquids become less volatile as when the
hydrocarbon is larger, it evaporates more slowly and doesn’t turn into a gas easily
● As the molecules get bigger, liquids become more viscous as they have stronger
forces of attraction
● As the molecules get bigger, the liquids become darker
● As the molecules get bigger, bigger hydrocarbons don’t burn easily, so the shorter
chain ones are used as fuels as they can easily be combusted
Name No. of Boiling/Co Colour Viscosity Uses
carbon ndensation
atoms point
Refinery Gases 1-4 <25 Lighter Low For domestic
heating and
cooking
Gasoline 5-12 25-60 Colorless to Low Fuel in cars
(Petrol) yellow
Kerosene 12-16 180-220 It becomes Increases as Fuel for aircraft;
darker as the the no. of domestic
no. of carbon carbon heating oil;
atoms atoms paraffin for
increases increase as lamps and heater
there are
stronger
forces of
attraction
What is Crude oil?
● Crude Oil is a finite resource and non-renewable
● Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons
Physical Properties:
● As the molecules get bigger, the boiling point increases as the larger molecules are
more strongly attracted to each other. This requires more thermal energy to
break these strong bonds
● As the molecules get bigger, the liquids become less volatile as when the
hydrocarbon is larger, it evaporates more slowly and doesn’t turn into a gas easily
● As the molecules get bigger, liquids become more viscous as they have stronger
forces of attraction
● As the molecules get bigger, the liquids become darker
● As the molecules get bigger, bigger hydrocarbons don’t burn easily, so the shorter
chain ones are used as fuels as they can easily be combusted
Name No. of Boiling/Co Colour Viscosity Uses
carbon ndensation
atoms point
Refinery Gases 1-4 <25 Lighter Low For domestic
heating and
cooking
Gasoline 5-12 25-60 Colorless to Low Fuel in cars
(Petrol) yellow
Kerosene 12-16 180-220 It becomes Increases as Fuel for aircraft;
darker as the the no. of domestic
no. of carbon carbon heating oil;
atoms atoms paraffin for
increases increase as lamps and heater
there are
stronger
forces of
attraction
