CHEM 219 MODULE 1 EXAM (2025/2026)
NEWEST QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
CORRECT ANSWERS | A+ GRADE
Describe the shapes associated with the atomic orbitals
associated with the main elements of organic chemistry.
Correct Answer S orbitals are spherical (single lobe), while
P orbitals are dumbbell-shaped (two lobes).
Explain how bonds are formed between atoms from the
perspective of atomic orbital theory. Correct Answer
Atoms form bonds by overlapping individual atomic
orbitals from each atom to produce molecular (bonding)
orbitals.
Explain the two types of atomic orbital overlap that
contribute to bond formation in organic molecules. Correct
Answer End-on overlap of atomic orbitals leads to the
formation of sigma (single) covalent bonds. Sideways
overlap of P orbitals leads to the formation of pi (multiple)
covalent bonds.
Using the VSEPR method, predict the molecular geometry
(shape and bond angle) around the indicated atoms for
the following structure:
a) C(I)
b) C(II)
c) N
, d) S Correct Answer a) C(I) = 4 bond pairs =
TETRAHEDRAL, 109.5°
b) C(II) = 3 bond pairs = TRIGONAL PLANAR, 120°
c) N = 3 bond pairs/1 lone pair = TRIGONAL
PYRAMIDAL, 107°
d) S = 2 bond pairs/2 lone pairs = ANGULAR/BENT, 105°
Catenation Correct Answer The process or preference of
an element to link/bond with another atom of the same
element.
Ionic bond Correct Answer ***the complete transfer of one
or more valence electrons from one atom to another
- electronegativity diff > 1.8 (large)
(Pure) Covalent bonds Correct Answer ***formed by the
sharing of electrons
- electronegativity diff: < 0.4 (zero difference)
Diatomic element Correct Answer When an atom is more
stable when bonded to another atom
Pure covalent bond Correct Answer ***A bond that forms
between atoms of identical electronegativity values. (aka
shared electrons)
- electronegativity diff < 0.4 (zero)
Polar covalent bond Correct Answer ***Bond that occurs
when atoms are shared unequally.
- electronegativity diff: Between 0.4 and 1.8
NEWEST QUESTIONS AND DETAILED
CORRECT ANSWERS | A+ GRADE
Describe the shapes associated with the atomic orbitals
associated with the main elements of organic chemistry.
Correct Answer S orbitals are spherical (single lobe), while
P orbitals are dumbbell-shaped (two lobes).
Explain how bonds are formed between atoms from the
perspective of atomic orbital theory. Correct Answer
Atoms form bonds by overlapping individual atomic
orbitals from each atom to produce molecular (bonding)
orbitals.
Explain the two types of atomic orbital overlap that
contribute to bond formation in organic molecules. Correct
Answer End-on overlap of atomic orbitals leads to the
formation of sigma (single) covalent bonds. Sideways
overlap of P orbitals leads to the formation of pi (multiple)
covalent bonds.
Using the VSEPR method, predict the molecular geometry
(shape and bond angle) around the indicated atoms for
the following structure:
a) C(I)
b) C(II)
c) N
, d) S Correct Answer a) C(I) = 4 bond pairs =
TETRAHEDRAL, 109.5°
b) C(II) = 3 bond pairs = TRIGONAL PLANAR, 120°
c) N = 3 bond pairs/1 lone pair = TRIGONAL
PYRAMIDAL, 107°
d) S = 2 bond pairs/2 lone pairs = ANGULAR/BENT, 105°
Catenation Correct Answer The process or preference of
an element to link/bond with another atom of the same
element.
Ionic bond Correct Answer ***the complete transfer of one
or more valence electrons from one atom to another
- electronegativity diff > 1.8 (large)
(Pure) Covalent bonds Correct Answer ***formed by the
sharing of electrons
- electronegativity diff: < 0.4 (zero difference)
Diatomic element Correct Answer When an atom is more
stable when bonded to another atom
Pure covalent bond Correct Answer ***A bond that forms
between atoms of identical electronegativity values. (aka
shared electrons)
- electronegativity diff < 0.4 (zero)
Polar covalent bond Correct Answer ***Bond that occurs
when atoms are shared unequally.
- electronegativity diff: Between 0.4 and 1.8
