BIOL 2604 - EXAM 2 EXAM WITH
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
fimbriae and pili - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>short, filamentous, protein structures
fimbriae - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>shorter and more hair-like extracellular protein
structure that aid in adhesion to host cell surfaces
pili - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>extracellular protein structure that is longer and has
fewer amounts present per cell; used during conjugation and twitching motility
S-layers - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>2-D lattice around membrane composed of
proteins and glycoproteins to help with rigidity in lieu of cell wall
capsules - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>aid in adhesion by creating a slime layer with
other cells;
help pathogens avoid phagocytosis
poly-beta-hydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) inclusions - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>lipid
storage of carbon
,poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>most common form of PHA
inclusions
purple sulfur bacteria - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>inorganic molecule inclusion that
oxide H2S as energy source and store H2S as granules in the periplasm
magnetotactic bacteria - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>bacteria that orient themselves in
magnetic fields and contain magnetosomes
magnetosome - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>inclusion bodies of Fe3O4 that are
surrounded by membranes with proteins that may help precipitate the iron
gas vesicle - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>an organelle made of protein that is
permeable to gas but not water, in which this allows for a cell to remain buoyant in the
water column
GvpA - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>made of beta sheets
GvpC - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>made of alpha helices
GvpA and GvpC - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>molecular structure of gas vesicles that
aligns in a cross-hatch in order to prevent H2O from penetrating the organelle
, endospores - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>differentiated forms of some bacteria that can
withstand extremes of heat, chemical treatment, desiccation, and radiation
positive; rod; soil - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>endospores are gram-______________,
__________-shaped, and primarily live in ______________
low nutrients; survival; dispersion - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>endospores form
during periods of _______________, and allow for _____________ and ________________
- CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>endospore may remain ____________ for possibly
thousands of years
germination - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>when conditions are favorable endospores
lose their refractivity, break open, spore coat dissolves, and rod-shaped cell forms,
giving rise to normal, vegetative forms of the bacterium
spore coat - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>structural endospore feature that allows for
the majority of resistance to extremities
cortex - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>structural feature made up of peptidoglycan that
helps draw H2O out of spore
CORRECT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
2025
fimbriae and pili - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>short, filamentous, protein structures
fimbriae - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>shorter and more hair-like extracellular protein
structure that aid in adhesion to host cell surfaces
pili - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>extracellular protein structure that is longer and has
fewer amounts present per cell; used during conjugation and twitching motility
S-layers - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>2-D lattice around membrane composed of
proteins and glycoproteins to help with rigidity in lieu of cell wall
capsules - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>aid in adhesion by creating a slime layer with
other cells;
help pathogens avoid phagocytosis
poly-beta-hydroxy-alkanoate (PHA) inclusions - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>lipid
storage of carbon
,poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>most common form of PHA
inclusions
purple sulfur bacteria - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>inorganic molecule inclusion that
oxide H2S as energy source and store H2S as granules in the periplasm
magnetotactic bacteria - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>bacteria that orient themselves in
magnetic fields and contain magnetosomes
magnetosome - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>inclusion bodies of Fe3O4 that are
surrounded by membranes with proteins that may help precipitate the iron
gas vesicle - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>an organelle made of protein that is
permeable to gas but not water, in which this allows for a cell to remain buoyant in the
water column
GvpA - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>made of beta sheets
GvpC - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>made of alpha helices
GvpA and GvpC - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>molecular structure of gas vesicles that
aligns in a cross-hatch in order to prevent H2O from penetrating the organelle
, endospores - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>differentiated forms of some bacteria that can
withstand extremes of heat, chemical treatment, desiccation, and radiation
positive; rod; soil - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>endospores are gram-______________,
__________-shaped, and primarily live in ______________
low nutrients; survival; dispersion - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>endospores form
during periods of _______________, and allow for _____________ and ________________
- CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>endospore may remain ____________ for possibly
thousands of years
germination - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>when conditions are favorable endospores
lose their refractivity, break open, spore coat dissolves, and rod-shaped cell forms,
giving rise to normal, vegetative forms of the bacterium
spore coat - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>structural endospore feature that allows for
the majority of resistance to extremities
cortex - CORRECT-ANSWERS>>>>>>structural feature made up of peptidoglycan that
helps draw H2O out of spore
