PSU Psych 100 Exam 2 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% DEFINITVE SOLUTIONS. UPDATED 2025/2026 ALREADY GRADED 100% GUARANTEED PASS! ||LATEST VERSION

PSU Psych 100 Exam 2 EXAM QUESTIONS WITH 100% DEFINITVE SOLUTIONS. UPDATED 2025/2026 ALREADY GRADED 100% GUARANTEED PASS! ||LATEST VERSION 1. mnemonics - ANSWER memory aids 2. spacing effect - ANSWER the tendency for distributed study or practice to yield better long-term retention than is achieved through mass study or practice 3. testing effect - ANSWER enhanced memory after retrieving, rather than simply reading information 4. shallow processing - ANSWER encoding on a basic level based on the structure or appearance of the words 5. deep processing - ANSWER encoding semantically, based on the meaning of the words, to yield the best retention 6. hippocampus - ANSWER a neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage 7. flashbulb memory - ANSWER a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event 8. long-term potentiation - ANSWER an increase in a cell's firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation 9. priming - ANSWER the activation, often unconsciously, of particular associations in memory 10. mood-congruent memory - ANSWER the tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with one's current good or bad mood 11. serial position effect - ANSWER our tendencey to recall best the last and first items in a list 12. anterograde amnesia - ANSWER an inability to form new memories 13. retrograde amnesia - ANSWER an inability to retrieve information from one's past 14. proactive interference - ANSWER the disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information 15. retroactive interference - ANSWER the disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information 16. repression - ANSWER in psychoanalytic theory, the basic defense mechanism that banished from consciousness anxietyarousing thoughts, feelings, and memories 17. misinformation effect - ANSWER incorporating misleading information into one's memory of an event 18. source amnesia - ANSWER attributing to the wrong source an event we have experienced, heard about, or imagined 19. deja vu - ANSWER that eerie sense that "I've experienced this before" 20. Young-Heimholtz trichromatic theory - ANSWER the theory that the retina contains three different color receptors which when stimulated in combination, can produce the perception of any color 21. sensation - ANSWER the process by which our sensory receptors and nervous system receive and represent stimulus energies from our environment 22. perception - ANSWER the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events 23. bottom-up processing - ANSWER analysis that begins with the sensory receptors and works up to the brain's integration of sensory information 24. top-down processing - ANSWER information processing guided by higher level mental processes, as when we construct perceptions drawing on our experience and expectations 25. transduction - ANSWER conversion of one form of energy into another. In sensation, the transforming of stimulus energies, such as sights, sounds, and smells, into neural impulses our brain can interpret 26. psychophysics - ANSWER the study of the relationships between the physical characteristics of stimuli, such as their intensity and our psychological experience of them 27. absolute threshold - ANSWER the minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time 28. signal detection theory - ANSWER a theory predicting how and when we detect the presence of a faint stimulus (signal) amid background stimulation (noise). Assumes there is no single absolute threshold and that detection depends partly on a person's experience, expectations, motivation, and alertness. 29. subliminal - ANSWER below one's absolute threshold for conscious awareness 30. priming - ANSWER the activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations, thus predisposing one's perception, memory, or response 31. difference threshold - ANSWER the minimum difference between two stimuli required for detection 50 percent of the time. 32. Weber's Law - ANSWER the principle that, to be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a given percentage 33. sensory adaptation - ANSWER diminished sensitivity as a consequence of constant stimulation 34. perceptual set - ANSWER a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not the other 35. wavelength - ANSWER the distance from the peak of one light or sound wave to the peak of the next. electromagnetic wavelengths vary from the short blips of cosmic rays to the long pulses of radio transmission 36. hue - ANSWER the dimension of color that is determined by the wavelength of light; when we know as the color names 37. intensity - ANSWER the amount of energy in a light or sound wave, which we perceive as brightness or loudness, as determined by the wave's amplitude