QUESTIONS (FOODBORNE ILLNESSES,
WATERBORNE ILLNESSES, VECTORBORNE
DISEASES, ZOONOTIC DISEASES, OTHERS)
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,Question 1
Hepatitis A - Incubation period
Correct Answer
15-50 days
Usually 28-30 days
Question 2
Hepatitis A - Symptoms
Correct Answer
loss of appetite, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, fever, malaise and yellow skin
(jaundice)
Question 3
Hepatitis A - transmission
Correct Answer
fecal-oral route
Infective: up to 2 weeks before onset to 1 week post-jaundice.
Humans are reservoir.
Question 4
Hepatitis A - suspect foods
Correct Answer
Ice, shellfish contaminated with sewage.
Question 5
Hepatitis A - exclusion criteria
Correct Answer
14 days if no jaundice. 7 days after jaundice onset.
Life-long immunity following recovery.
Last 2 - 6 months.
Question 6
Norovirus - incubation period
Correct Answer
24-48 hours
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,Question 7
Norovirus - symptoms
Correct Answer
Sudden onset, watery diarrhea, vomiting, cramp, nausea, low fever.
Question 8
Norovirus - transmission
Correct Answer
Very contagious. Low infective dose. Fecal-oral. Person-Person. Humans only reservoir.
Question 9
Norovirus - most at risk
Correct Answer
o Children
o Older Adults
o Those with weakened immune systems.
o These higher risk groups are more likely to experience dehydration as a result of severe
vomiting and diarrhea
Question 10
Salmonellosis types
Correct Answer
S. enteritis
S. typhimurium
Question 11
Salmonellosis incubation
Correct Answer
6-72 hours
Usually 12-36 hours
Question 12
Salmonellosis symptoms
Correct Answer
Sudden onset, cramp, diarrhea, nausea, headache, possible vomit.
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, Question 13
Salmonellosis transmission
Correct Answer
Bacterial. Usually contaminated food, raw bean sprouts. Human and animal reservoir. Pet
contact.
Question 14
Salmonellosis suspect foods
Correct Answer
Raw egg, unpasteurized milk, unwashed fruit/veg. Raw meat.
Question 15
Shigellosis IP
Correct Answer
12-96 hours (usually 1-3 days)
Question 16
Shigellosis symptoms
Correct Answer
Diarrhea, fever, cramp. Nausea.
Possible bloody diarrhea.
May cause HUS in kids.
Question 17
Shigellosis transmission
Correct Answer
Bacterial. Fecal-oral. Sexual contact
Humans only reservoir.
Possibly via mechanical vectors (flies, cockroaches)
Low infectious dose.
Question 18
Shigellosis suspect foods
Correct Answer
Shigella is not naturally present on foods, but can contaminate food through cross
contamination during handling, or from exposure to polluted water
Food is most often contaminated with Shigella from water polluted by human sewage.
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