8/8/25, 8:12 AM SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM Flashcards | Quizlet
SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL
BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM
Save
Terms in this set (465)
The ability to count and measure the size of particles
using an electric circuit. Particles are moved through a
small aperture, their presence causes a narrowing of
Coulter principle. the aperture, which leads to an increase in
resistance.By using constant I, According to Ohms law
(U= I * R), when R increases, U increases and pulse is
generated.
- Two spaces with a small aperture in between,
capillary (contains the electrolyte solution with the
cells)
- Measuring electrode, one in each of the spaces
(closing the circuit and measuring voltage between
the two spaces)
- Pump (draws the solution into the smaller space, and
Parts and functions of the
out
Coulter-counter
again, through the capillary)
- Auxiliary electrode (signals when certain volume is
reached, to initiate pumping out of the solution)
- Integral Discriminator (filter out noise)
- Differential Discriminator (mapped of the size
distribution
of the particles)
https://quizlet.com/1064555100/semmelweis-university-medical-biophysics-final-exam-flash-cards/?new 1/21
,8/8/25, 8:12 AM SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM Flashcards | Quizlet
How does the voltage Its proportional, bigger particle will form higher
pulse amplitude depend resistance,higher voltage pulse.
on particle size in the
Coulter-counter?
when you want to measure RBC, it's not necessary to
separate them from the RBC b.c. the number of WBC
How do you separate the
is negligible (less than error of the measurement)
red-blood-cell versus
white-blood-cell signals in
By hemolyze RBC and measured them separately
a Coulter-counter?
photochemically and subtracted the result from the
coulter-counting measurement
How do you separate the By integral discrimination (the size of the platelets is
red-blood-cell versus much
platelet signals in a smaller)
Coulter-counter?
What is the role of Mapping the size distribution of the particle
differential discriminator in
Coulter-counting?
Because the cells themselves do not conduct well,
Why is dilution of blood is
and so we dilute them with an electrolyte solution so
necessary in Coulter-
changes in resistivity are noticed. Also, for practical
counting?
reasons (e.g. we don't want the solution to dry up.)
What solution is used for Saline solution, for optimal osmotic pressure (keep
blood dilution in Coulter- the RBCs in their natural size) and for good
counting? conduction (NaCl)
How does the matter flow It doubles, due to flicks first law: Jv=-Dxdeltac/deltax
density (flux) change if the
concentration gradient is
doubled?
Name the parameters Size and shape of the particle as well as the
influencing the value of temperature and viscosity of the medium. Can be
diffusion coefficient. calculated for spherical particles: D=kT/6 pi n r
https://quizlet.com/1064555100/semmelweis-university-medical-biophysics-final-exam-flash-cards/?new 2/21
, 8/8/25, 8:12 AM SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM Flashcards | Quizlet
What diffuses faster: a K+ ion due to smaller diffusion coefficient (smaller
potassium ion or a virus size)
particle?
How does the average Square root function (Distance average ^2 =6 D t)
distance travelled by a
diffusing particle depend
on time?
On what length scale is On a small scale
diffusion an effective
transport process?
How does the minimum Decreases (higher voltage higher kinetic energy
wavelength of the x-ray higher frequency spectrum) - Duane-hunt law
spectrum change with
increasing anode voltage?
How does the minimum Does not change
wavelength of the x-ray
spectrum change with
increasing anode current?
What is the maximum x-ray 50 keV
photon energy at 50 kV
anode voltage?
What elements are High melting point and high atomic number materials
suitable as x-ray-tube molybdenum
anode material? (more common in medical diagnosis) and tungsten.
What are the x-ray Anode material
spectral lines
characteristic of?
Because it heats up due to low efficiency in the
Why do we need to cool
conversion of high
the x-ray-tube anode?
kinetic energy to x-ray.
https://quizlet.com/1064555100/semmelweis-university-medical-biophysics-final-exam-flash-cards/?new 3/21
SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL
BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM
Save
Terms in this set (465)
The ability to count and measure the size of particles
using an electric circuit. Particles are moved through a
small aperture, their presence causes a narrowing of
Coulter principle. the aperture, which leads to an increase in
resistance.By using constant I, According to Ohms law
(U= I * R), when R increases, U increases and pulse is
generated.
- Two spaces with a small aperture in between,
capillary (contains the electrolyte solution with the
cells)
- Measuring electrode, one in each of the spaces
(closing the circuit and measuring voltage between
the two spaces)
- Pump (draws the solution into the smaller space, and
Parts and functions of the
out
Coulter-counter
again, through the capillary)
- Auxiliary electrode (signals when certain volume is
reached, to initiate pumping out of the solution)
- Integral Discriminator (filter out noise)
- Differential Discriminator (mapped of the size
distribution
of the particles)
https://quizlet.com/1064555100/semmelweis-university-medical-biophysics-final-exam-flash-cards/?new 1/21
,8/8/25, 8:12 AM SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM Flashcards | Quizlet
How does the voltage Its proportional, bigger particle will form higher
pulse amplitude depend resistance,higher voltage pulse.
on particle size in the
Coulter-counter?
when you want to measure RBC, it's not necessary to
separate them from the RBC b.c. the number of WBC
How do you separate the
is negligible (less than error of the measurement)
red-blood-cell versus
white-blood-cell signals in
By hemolyze RBC and measured them separately
a Coulter-counter?
photochemically and subtracted the result from the
coulter-counting measurement
How do you separate the By integral discrimination (the size of the platelets is
red-blood-cell versus much
platelet signals in a smaller)
Coulter-counter?
What is the role of Mapping the size distribution of the particle
differential discriminator in
Coulter-counting?
Because the cells themselves do not conduct well,
Why is dilution of blood is
and so we dilute them with an electrolyte solution so
necessary in Coulter-
changes in resistivity are noticed. Also, for practical
counting?
reasons (e.g. we don't want the solution to dry up.)
What solution is used for Saline solution, for optimal osmotic pressure (keep
blood dilution in Coulter- the RBCs in their natural size) and for good
counting? conduction (NaCl)
How does the matter flow It doubles, due to flicks first law: Jv=-Dxdeltac/deltax
density (flux) change if the
concentration gradient is
doubled?
Name the parameters Size and shape of the particle as well as the
influencing the value of temperature and viscosity of the medium. Can be
diffusion coefficient. calculated for spherical particles: D=kT/6 pi n r
https://quizlet.com/1064555100/semmelweis-university-medical-biophysics-final-exam-flash-cards/?new 2/21
, 8/8/25, 8:12 AM SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, MEDICAL BIOPHYSICS - FINAL EXAM Flashcards | Quizlet
What diffuses faster: a K+ ion due to smaller diffusion coefficient (smaller
potassium ion or a virus size)
particle?
How does the average Square root function (Distance average ^2 =6 D t)
distance travelled by a
diffusing particle depend
on time?
On what length scale is On a small scale
diffusion an effective
transport process?
How does the minimum Decreases (higher voltage higher kinetic energy
wavelength of the x-ray higher frequency spectrum) - Duane-hunt law
spectrum change with
increasing anode voltage?
How does the minimum Does not change
wavelength of the x-ray
spectrum change with
increasing anode current?
What is the maximum x-ray 50 keV
photon energy at 50 kV
anode voltage?
What elements are High melting point and high atomic number materials
suitable as x-ray-tube molybdenum
anode material? (more common in medical diagnosis) and tungsten.
What are the x-ray Anode material
spectral lines
characteristic of?
Because it heats up due to low efficiency in the
Why do we need to cool
conversion of high
the x-ray-tube anode?
kinetic energy to x-ray.
https://quizlet.com/1064555100/semmelweis-university-medical-biophysics-final-exam-flash-cards/?new 3/21
