BIOLOGY 191 FINAL EXAM 2025
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Imagine a group of wild turkeys. Some can run faster than others and so can escape their
predators better. This process is called - ANS natural selection
What is the correct order for organization of life from smallest to largest? - ANS molecule,
organelle, cell, organism, population, community
The statement DNA --> mRNA --> protein is referred to as - ANS the Central Dogma
True or false? A scientist is more certain of a theory than a hypothesis. - ANS true
Because a water molecule is a polar molecule, _____ bonds form between water molecules -
ANS hydrogen
-COOH is an acidic group because it tends to - ANS drop off a H+ in solution
organic molecules contain; - ANS functional groups, such as -NH2
deoxyribose is a _____ - ANS monosaccharide
a ___ _____ is made of three fatty acids, connected by three carbon atoms - ANS fat
molecule
1 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
,the two chains in DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds - ANS between the nitrogen-
containing bases
true or false; both DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides - ANS true
prokaryotic cells do not contain a - ANS nucleus
how many of the following do eukaryotic cells have? cytoplasm, nucleus, plasma membrane,
ribosomes - ANS 4
in eukaryotes, the nucleus contains - ANS chromosomes
cellular membrane in a cell that is involved in the synthesis of lipids - ANS smooth ER
a molecule made in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum will be transported in a _____ -
ANS transport vesicle
after a molecule is synthesis in the smooth ER, it is modified in the _____ - ANS Golgi body
after the molecule is modified in the Golgi body,it is transported again in a _____ -
ANS secretory vesicle
what function do lysosomes serve? - ANS the digestion and waste removal of unwanted
"objects" in the cell
what is the primary function of chloroplasts in plants? - ANS photosynthesis
2 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
, what is the purpose of the middle lamella in plant cell walls? - ANS the middle lamella holds
two cells together
when animal cells need to hold securely to each other and not break apart, what are they most
likely to be connected by? - ANS desmosomes
cellular membranes are primarily composed of - ANS proteins and lipids
true or false; osmosis is a form of diffusion - ANS true
mutation accounts for both - ANS adaptation and evolution
the term "plastids" is a collective term for - ANS chloroplasts, leucoplasts, amyloplasts.
DNA-containing organelles found in plants that lack pigment and internal structure. may be
used as starch-storage sites. - ANS leucoplasts
true or false; light is a form of kinetic energy and chemical is a form of potential energy -
ANS true
the term for the randomness of a system is - ANS entropy
a catabolic reaction is also an _____ reaction - ANS exergonic
adenosine triphosphate is also known as - ANS ATP
organisms that capture the sun's energy and then use it for food are - ANS autotrophic
3 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Imagine a group of wild turkeys. Some can run faster than others and so can escape their
predators better. This process is called - ANS natural selection
What is the correct order for organization of life from smallest to largest? - ANS molecule,
organelle, cell, organism, population, community
The statement DNA --> mRNA --> protein is referred to as - ANS the Central Dogma
True or false? A scientist is more certain of a theory than a hypothesis. - ANS true
Because a water molecule is a polar molecule, _____ bonds form between water molecules -
ANS hydrogen
-COOH is an acidic group because it tends to - ANS drop off a H+ in solution
organic molecules contain; - ANS functional groups, such as -NH2
deoxyribose is a _____ - ANS monosaccharide
a ___ _____ is made of three fatty acids, connected by three carbon atoms - ANS fat
molecule
1 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
,the two chains in DNA are held together by hydrogen bonds - ANS between the nitrogen-
containing bases
true or false; both DNA and RNA are made of nucleotides - ANS true
prokaryotic cells do not contain a - ANS nucleus
how many of the following do eukaryotic cells have? cytoplasm, nucleus, plasma membrane,
ribosomes - ANS 4
in eukaryotes, the nucleus contains - ANS chromosomes
cellular membrane in a cell that is involved in the synthesis of lipids - ANS smooth ER
a molecule made in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum will be transported in a _____ -
ANS transport vesicle
after a molecule is synthesis in the smooth ER, it is modified in the _____ - ANS Golgi body
after the molecule is modified in the Golgi body,it is transported again in a _____ -
ANS secretory vesicle
what function do lysosomes serve? - ANS the digestion and waste removal of unwanted
"objects" in the cell
what is the primary function of chloroplasts in plants? - ANS photosynthesis
2 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
, what is the purpose of the middle lamella in plant cell walls? - ANS the middle lamella holds
two cells together
when animal cells need to hold securely to each other and not break apart, what are they most
likely to be connected by? - ANS desmosomes
cellular membranes are primarily composed of - ANS proteins and lipids
true or false; osmosis is a form of diffusion - ANS true
mutation accounts for both - ANS adaptation and evolution
the term "plastids" is a collective term for - ANS chloroplasts, leucoplasts, amyloplasts.
DNA-containing organelles found in plants that lack pigment and internal structure. may be
used as starch-storage sites. - ANS leucoplasts
true or false; light is a form of kinetic energy and chemical is a form of potential energy -
ANS true
the term for the randomness of a system is - ANS entropy
a catabolic reaction is also an _____ reaction - ANS exergonic
adenosine triphosphate is also known as - ANS ATP
organisms that capture the sun's energy and then use it for food are - ANS autotrophic
3 @COPYRIGHT THEBRIGHT 2025/2026
