Test Bank for Applied Pathophysiology-A Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition (Braun Test Bqank 2024)

Test Bank for Applied Pathophysiology-A
Conceptual Approach, 4th Edition (Braun Test
Bqank 2024)
Chapter311Introduction31to31Pathophysiology

1. The31nucleus
,31which31is31essential31for31function31and31survival31of31the31c
ell.
A) is31the31site31of31protein31synthesis
B) contains31the31genetic31code
C) transforms31cellular31energy
D) initiates31aerobic31metabolism
2. Although31energy31is31not31made31in31mitochondria,31they31are31known31as31t
he31power31plants31of31the31cell31because31they:
A) contain31RNA31for31protein31synthesis.
B) utilize31glycolysis31for31oxidative31energy.
C) extract31energy31from31organic31compounds.
D) store31calcium31bonds31for31muscle31contractions.
3. Although31the31basic31structure31of31the31cell31plasma31membrane31is31formed31
by31a31lipid31bilayer,31most31of31the31specific31membrane31functions31are31carri
ed31out31by:
A) bound31and31transmembrane31proteins.
B) complex,31long31carbohydrate31chains.
C) surface31antigens31and31hormone31receptors.
D) a31gating31system31of31selective31ion31channels.
4. To31effectively31relay31signals,31cell-to-
cell31communication31utilizes31chemical31messenger31systems31that:
A) displace31surface31receptor31proteins.
B) accumulate31within31cell31gap31junctions.
C) bind31to31contractile31microfilaments.

,D) release31secretions31into31extracellular31fluid.
5. Aerobic31metabolism,31also31known31as31oxidative31metabolism,31provides31energy31by
:

,A) removing31the31phosphate31bonds31from31ATP.
B) combining31hydrogen31and31oxygen31to31form31water.
C) activating31pyruvate31stored31in31the31cytoplasm.
D) breaking31down31glucose31to31form31lactic31acid.
6. Exocytosis,31the31reverse31of31endocytosis,31is31important31in
into31th
e31extracellular31fluid.
A) Engulfing31and31ingesting31fluid31and31proteins31for31transport
B) Killing,31degrading,31and31dissolving31harmful31microorganisms
C) Removing31cellular31debris31and31releasing31synthesized31substances
D) Destruction31of31particles31by31lysosomal31enzymes31for31secretion
7. The31process31responsible31for31generating31and31conducting31membrane31potentials31is
:
A) diffusion31of31current-carrying31ions.
B) millivoltage31of31electrical31potential.
C) polarization31of31charged31particles.
D) ion31channel31neurotransmission.
8. Epithelial31tissues31are31classified31according31to31the31shape31of31the31cells31
and31the31number31of31layers.31Which31of31the31following31is31a31correctly31m
atched31description31and31type31of31epithelial31tissue?
A) Simple31epithelium:31cells31in31contact31with31intercellular31matrix;31some3
1do31not31extend31to31surface

B) Stratified31epithelium:31single31layer31of31cells;31all31cells31rest31on31b
asement31membrane
C) Glandular31epithelium:31arise31from31surface31epithelia31and31under
lying31connective31tissue
D) Pseudostratified31epithelium:31multiple31layers31of31cells;31deepest31layer31r
ests31on31basement31membrane
9. Connective31tissue31contains31fibroblasts31that31are31responsible31for:
A) providing31a31fibrous31framework31for31capillaries.
B) synthesis31of31collagen,31elastin,31and31reticular31fibers.

, C) forming31tendons31and31the31fascia31that31covers31muscles.
D) filling31spaces31between31tissues31to31keep31organs31in31place.
10. Although31all31muscle31tissue31cells31have31some31similarities,31smooth31musc
le31(also31known31as31involuntary31muscle)31differs31by:
A) having31dense31bodies31attached31to31actin31filaments.
B) containing31sarcomeres31between31Z31lines31and31M31bands.
C) having31rapid31contractions31and31abundant31cross-striations.
D) contracting31in31response31to31increased31intracellular31calcium.
11. Which31of31the31following31aspects31of31the31function31of31the31nucleus31is31perf
ormed31by31ribosomal31RNA31(rRNA)?
A) Copying31and31carrying31DNA31instructions31for31protein31synthesis
B) Carrying31amino31acids31to31the31site31of31protein31synthesis
C) Providing31the31site31where31protein31synthesis31occurs
D) Regulating31and31controlling31protein31synthesis
12. Breakdown31and31removal31of31foreign31substances31and31worn-
out31cell31parts31are31performed31by31which31of31the31following31organelles
?
A) Lysosomes
B) Golgi31apparatus
C) Ribosomes
D) Endoplasmic31reticulum31(ER)
13. Impairment31in31the31function31of31peroxisomes31would31result31in:
A) inadequate31sites31for31protein31synthesis.
B) an31inability31to31transport31cellular31products31across31the31cell31membrane.
C) insufficient31energy31production31within31a31cell.
D) accumulation31of31free31radicals31in31the31cytoplasm.
14. After31several31months31of31trying31to31conceive,31a31couple31is31undergoing31f
ertility31testing.31Semen31analysis31indicates31that31the31mans31sperm31have31dec
reased31motility,31a31finding31that31is31thought31to31underlie31the31couples31inab
ility31to31become31pregnant.