PHAR 100 EXAM 2025 | ALL CURRENT EXAM VERSIONS 2025 | ACCURATE REAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | ACCURATE AND VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS | GRADED A

What is substance misuse? A. Using a substance to treat medical conditions B. Occasional social use of alcohol C. Drinking, smoking or using drugs in a way that avoids conflict or fits in socially D. Using over-the-counter drugs without a prescription Correct Answer: C Rationale: Substance misuse refers to the use of substances beyond casual use, often as a way to avoid personal issues or to fit into social settings. What is substance withdrawal? A. A psychological need for the drug B. The feeling of pleasure when using substances C. A specific syndrome caused by reducing or stopping substance use D. Increased tolerance over time Correct Answer: C Rationale: Withdrawal involves a substance-specific syndrome with distress and impaired function upon stopping or reducing use. What are some amphetamine-related compounds? A. Heroin and Morphine B. Ritalin and Ecstasy C. Xanax and Ativan D. Alcohol and Nicotine Correct Answer: B Rationale: Ritalin and Ecstasy are chemically related to amphetamines and share stimulant effects. How do amphetamines work? A. Block opioid receptors B. Decrease GABA activity C. Increase dopamine or norepinephrine in the synaptic cleft D. Suppress serotonin production Correct Answer: C Rationale: Amphetamines work by enhancing neurotransmitter activity, especially dopamine and norepinephrine, leading to CNS excitation. How exactly do amphetamines increase dopamine? A. Increase dopamine breakdown B. Inhibit dopamine synthesis C. Compete for transporters, block reuptake, and reverse dopamine flow D. Block serotonin channels Correct Answer: C Rationale: Amphetamines enter the presynaptic neuron via dopamine transporters, block vesicular storage, and reverse dopamine release. How is ecstasy different from dopamine in how it works? A. It only affects norepinephrine B. It inhibits serotonin reuptake C. It has an effect on serotonin as well D. It reduces dopamine concentration Correct Answer: C Rationale: Unlike typical amphetamines, ecstasy also increases serotonin activity significantly. What are the 4 main CNS effects of amphetamines? A. Drowsiness, calmness, slowed heart rate, and hallucinations B. Appetite stimulation, sleepiness, and anxiety C. Sensory excitation, euphoria, appetite suppression, mood swings D. Hallucinations, vomiting, depression, fever Correct Answer: C Rationale: Amphetamines stimulate the CNS, reduce appetite, cause euphoria, and can lead to aggression and mood changes. What are some short-term effects of amphetamines? A. Memory loss and confusion B. Chest pain, cardiovascular collapse, increased respiratory rate C. Liver damage and hearing loss D. Weight gain and sleepiness Correct Answer: B Rationale: Acute use can overstimulate the cardiovascular system, leading to dangerous outcomes. What are some long-term effects of amphetamines? A. Memory improvement and relaxation B. Sleeplessness, weight loss, and schizophrenic symptoms C. Increased appetite and depression D. Reduced energy and focus Correct Answer: B Rationale: Chronic use can result in insomnia, psychosis-like symptoms, and significant weight loss. What are some therapeutic uses of amphetamines? A. Depression and anxiety B. Narcolepsy and ADHD C. Insomnia and epilepsy D. Pain and inflammation Correct Answer: B Rationale: Amphetamines are used medically for ADHD and narcolepsy due to their stimulant properties. How are amphetamines taken? A. Rectally only B. Orally, injected, or smoked C. Through eye drops D. Via transdermal patches only Correct Answer: B Rationale: Amphetamines can be consumed through various methods including oral ingestion, injection, or smoking. What is the potential for misuse for amphetamines and why? A. Low, due to its bitter taste B. Medium, due to limited availability C. High, due to its powerful effects and ease of injection D. None, it’s prescription-only Correct Answer: C Rationale: Amphetamines have high abuse potential because of their euphoric effects and the ability to be injected. Can tolerance, withdrawal, and addiction form for amphetamines? A. No, they are safe long-term B. Tolerance and addiction develop slowly C. Tolerance develops to euphoria but not to psychosis; withdrawal includes depression; addiction is easy D. Only tolerance develops Correct Answer: C Rationale: Users develop tolerance to some effects, experience withdrawal symptoms like depression, and are highly prone to addiction. What does the law classify cocaine as? A. Hallucinogen B. Depressant C. Narcotic D. Stimulant only Correct Answer: C Rationale: Legally, cocaine is classified as a narcotic despite being a stimulant pharmacologically. How long does cocaine's effect last? A. Several days B. 6–8 hours C. Less than an hour D. 2–3 hours Correct Answer: C Rationale: Cocaine has a very short duration of action, usually under an hour. How long do amphetamines' effects last? A. 1–2 hours B. 4 hours C. Around 12 hours D. 24 hours Correct Answer: C Rationale: Amphetamines typically have a long duration of action, lasting up to 12 hours. How is cocaine administered? A. Oral or rectal B. Sniffed or smoked C. Injected into the eye D. Chewed like tobacco Correct Answer: B Rationale: Cocaine is most commonly sniffed (snorted) or smoked (as crack cocaine). How similar are cocaine and amphetamines? A. Completely different in effects B. Identical in structure only C. Very similar in acute effects and toxicity D. Used for different therapeutic conditions Correct Answer: C Rationale: Cocaine and amphetamines are nearly indistinguishable in terms of their acute stimulant effects and toxic patterns. How does cocaine work? A. Stimulates serotonin exclusively B. Blocks reuptake of norepinephrine, dopamine, and epinephrine C. Inhibits GABA receptors D. Enhances glutamate release Correct Answer: B Rationale: Cocaine blocks the reuptake of key neurotransmitters, increasing their levels and stimulating the CNS.