OTD 433- Exam 1
When to use ultra sound on healing set-
Acute injuries
ting
When to use ultra sound on thermal set-
Chronic injuries
ting
Acoustic energy inadvuabile to human What kind of energy does an ultra sound
ear use
Bubble activity Cavitation in Ultrasound
100% Thermal duty cycle (chronic)
10%, 20%, 50% Healing duty cycle (acute)
About .5 Intensity level for US on hand
About .8 Intensity level for US on wrist
About 1.0 Intensity level for US on forearm
About 1.2 Intensity level for US on elbow
About 8 minutes Duration for US
3 MHz and 1MHz Frequency (MHz) depth
3 MHz Superficial MHz 3 or 1
1 MHz Deep MHz 3 or 1
Hemostasis- Blood clot stage one of wound healing
Inflammatory phase- Inflammation Stage two of wound healing
Proliferative phase- Wound contracts as
Stage three of wound healing
new tissues are built
Maturation phase- Collagen is disorga-
Stage four of wound healing
nized and the wound is thick
-Potential for burns
-Patients who have decreased sensa-
tion
-Patients who have compromised circu-
Precautions for using superficial thermal
lation
heat
-Patients who have decreased ability to
articulate pain
-Monitor BP, respiration and skin color in
patients who are obese, children, or frail
, OTD 433- Exam 1
-Acute inflammation
-Dermatitis
-DVT
Contraindications for use of superficial
-Open wound
thermal heat
-Peripheral vascular disease
-Skin sensation impairment
-Severe cognitive impairments
-Pain relief
-Increased blood flow and metabolism
Physiological effects in response to tem-
-Increased tissue extensibility
perature variation
-Vasodilation which increases blood
blow to the tissue
Procedures or interventions that impact
and modify client factors when neurolog-
ical, musculoskeletal, or skin conditions What is PAMs?
that are present are limiting occupational
performance
-Paraffin baths
-Cold/ hot packs
-Ultrasound
Types of PAMS
-Whirlpool
-E-stim
-and more!
-Pain follows one fixed pathway
-Nociceptors generate pain impulse Gate Control Theory
(A-delta and C-fibers)
Within the gate control theory, what is the
Periphery to the pain center in the brain
one fixed pathway that pain follows?
Considering the gate control theory,
Dorsal horn of the spinal cord where does modulation of peripheral
stimuli occur?
Considering the gate control theory, what
Large A-fibers
type of fibers close the gate?
Considering the gate control theory, what
Small C-fibers
type of fibers open the gate?
When to use ultra sound on healing set-
Acute injuries
ting
When to use ultra sound on thermal set-
Chronic injuries
ting
Acoustic energy inadvuabile to human What kind of energy does an ultra sound
ear use
Bubble activity Cavitation in Ultrasound
100% Thermal duty cycle (chronic)
10%, 20%, 50% Healing duty cycle (acute)
About .5 Intensity level for US on hand
About .8 Intensity level for US on wrist
About 1.0 Intensity level for US on forearm
About 1.2 Intensity level for US on elbow
About 8 minutes Duration for US
3 MHz and 1MHz Frequency (MHz) depth
3 MHz Superficial MHz 3 or 1
1 MHz Deep MHz 3 or 1
Hemostasis- Blood clot stage one of wound healing
Inflammatory phase- Inflammation Stage two of wound healing
Proliferative phase- Wound contracts as
Stage three of wound healing
new tissues are built
Maturation phase- Collagen is disorga-
Stage four of wound healing
nized and the wound is thick
-Potential for burns
-Patients who have decreased sensa-
tion
-Patients who have compromised circu-
Precautions for using superficial thermal
lation
heat
-Patients who have decreased ability to
articulate pain
-Monitor BP, respiration and skin color in
patients who are obese, children, or frail
, OTD 433- Exam 1
-Acute inflammation
-Dermatitis
-DVT
Contraindications for use of superficial
-Open wound
thermal heat
-Peripheral vascular disease
-Skin sensation impairment
-Severe cognitive impairments
-Pain relief
-Increased blood flow and metabolism
Physiological effects in response to tem-
-Increased tissue extensibility
perature variation
-Vasodilation which increases blood
blow to the tissue
Procedures or interventions that impact
and modify client factors when neurolog-
ical, musculoskeletal, or skin conditions What is PAMs?
that are present are limiting occupational
performance
-Paraffin baths
-Cold/ hot packs
-Ultrasound
Types of PAMS
-Whirlpool
-E-stim
-and more!
-Pain follows one fixed pathway
-Nociceptors generate pain impulse Gate Control Theory
(A-delta and C-fibers)
Within the gate control theory, what is the
Periphery to the pain center in the brain
one fixed pathway that pain follows?
Considering the gate control theory,
Dorsal horn of the spinal cord where does modulation of peripheral
stimuli occur?
Considering the gate control theory, what
Large A-fibers
type of fibers close the gate?
Considering the gate control theory, what
Small C-fibers
type of fibers open the gate?
