ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 NEWEST 2025/2026
COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Anemia of chronic disease is a mild to moderate anemia associated with chronic
infections, chronic noninfectious inflammatory diseases, and malignancies.
Chronic diseases commonly associated with this anemia include all of the
following except:
a. rheumatoid arthritis.
b. AIDS.
c. polycythemia vera.
d. systemic lupus erythematosus - ANSWER-c. polycythemia vera.
During chronic blood loss, iron-deficiency anemia occurs. Most patients are
asymptomatic until their hemoglobin falls below 8 g/dl. What is the term for this
anemia?
a. Macrocytic hyperchromic
b. Macrocytic hypochromic
c. Microcytic hypochromic
d. Microcytic hyperchromic - ANSWER-c. Microcytic hypochromic
In hemolytic anemia the RBCs are destroyed prematurely. What distinguishes
almost all types of hemolytic anemia?
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, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
a. Normocytic hypochromic cells
b. Microcytic normochromic cells
c. Macrocytic hyperchromic cells
d. Normocytic normochromic cells - ANSWER-d. Normocytic normochromic cells
Aplastic anemia is a serious anemia that is a disorder of the pluripotential bone
marrow stem cells and causes all three hematopoietic cell lines to be reduced.
What is the treatment for aplastic anemia in the young and severely affected
client?
a. There is no treatment for aplastic anemia
b. Bone marrow transplant
c. Spleen transplant
d. Liver transplant - ANSWER-b. Bone marrow transplant
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder seen in African American people. It is
marked by the characteristic sickling of RBCs. This causes chronic hemolytic
anemia and occlusion of blood vessels. Which is NOT considered to be a trigger of
an episode of sickling?
a. Infection
b. Stress
c. Heat
d. Dehydration
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, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
e. Acidosis - ANSWER-c. Heat
Hemoglobin S (Hb S) is formed in sickle cell disease is a result of a(n):
a. deficiency in G6PD that changes Hb A to Hb S.
b. genetic mutation in which two amino acids (histidine and leucine) are missing.
c. genetic mutation in which one amino acid (valine) replaces another (glutamic
acid).
d. autoimmune response in which one amino acid (proline) is detected as an
antigen by abnormal IgG. - ANSWER-c. genetic mutation in which one amino acid
(valine) replaces another (glutamic acid).
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is inherited in an _____ fashion.
a. autosomal dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. X-linked dominant
d. X-linked recessive - ANSWER-b. autosomal recessive
The manifestations of chronic sickle cell disease in children include:
a. atelectasis and pneumonia.
b. edema of the hands and feet.
c. stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet.
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, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
d. splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. - ANSWER-c. stasis ulcers of the hands,
ankles, and feet.
The type of anemia that occurs as a result of thalassemia is:
a. microcytic, hypochromic.
b. microcytic, normochromic.
c. macrocytic, hyperchromic.
d. macrocytic, normochromic. - ANSWER-a. microcytic, hypochromic.
Characteristics of beta-thalassemia major include:
a. a heterozygous form of thalassemia.
b. a defect in the uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis.
c. a fatal condition in which all four beta-forming genes are defective.
d. the development of Hb H when three genes are defective. - ANSWER-b. a defect
in the uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis.
A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation.
Which of the following types of immunity was compromised?
A. Innate immunity
B. Inflammatory response
C. Adaptive immunity
D. Specific immunity - ANSWER-A. Innate immunity
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ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2 NEWEST 2025/2026
COMPLETE 300 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Anemia of chronic disease is a mild to moderate anemia associated with chronic
infections, chronic noninfectious inflammatory diseases, and malignancies.
Chronic diseases commonly associated with this anemia include all of the
following except:
a. rheumatoid arthritis.
b. AIDS.
c. polycythemia vera.
d. systemic lupus erythematosus - ANSWER-c. polycythemia vera.
During chronic blood loss, iron-deficiency anemia occurs. Most patients are
asymptomatic until their hemoglobin falls below 8 g/dl. What is the term for this
anemia?
a. Macrocytic hyperchromic
b. Macrocytic hypochromic
c. Microcytic hypochromic
d. Microcytic hyperchromic - ANSWER-c. Microcytic hypochromic
In hemolytic anemia the RBCs are destroyed prematurely. What distinguishes
almost all types of hemolytic anemia?
1|Page
, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
a. Normocytic hypochromic cells
b. Microcytic normochromic cells
c. Macrocytic hyperchromic cells
d. Normocytic normochromic cells - ANSWER-d. Normocytic normochromic cells
Aplastic anemia is a serious anemia that is a disorder of the pluripotential bone
marrow stem cells and causes all three hematopoietic cell lines to be reduced.
What is the treatment for aplastic anemia in the young and severely affected
client?
a. There is no treatment for aplastic anemia
b. Bone marrow transplant
c. Spleen transplant
d. Liver transplant - ANSWER-b. Bone marrow transplant
Sickle cell anemia is an inherited disorder seen in African American people. It is
marked by the characteristic sickling of RBCs. This causes chronic hemolytic
anemia and occlusion of blood vessels. Which is NOT considered to be a trigger of
an episode of sickling?
a. Infection
b. Stress
c. Heat
d. Dehydration
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, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
e. Acidosis - ANSWER-c. Heat
Hemoglobin S (Hb S) is formed in sickle cell disease is a result of a(n):
a. deficiency in G6PD that changes Hb A to Hb S.
b. genetic mutation in which two amino acids (histidine and leucine) are missing.
c. genetic mutation in which one amino acid (valine) replaces another (glutamic
acid).
d. autoimmune response in which one amino acid (proline) is detected as an
antigen by abnormal IgG. - ANSWER-c. genetic mutation in which one amino acid
(valine) replaces another (glutamic acid).
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is inherited in an _____ fashion.
a. autosomal dominant
b. autosomal recessive
c. X-linked dominant
d. X-linked recessive - ANSWER-b. autosomal recessive
The manifestations of chronic sickle cell disease in children include:
a. atelectasis and pneumonia.
b. edema of the hands and feet.
c. stasis ulcers of the hands, ankles, and feet.
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, ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY EXAM 2
d. splenomegaly and hepatomegaly. - ANSWER-c. stasis ulcers of the hands,
ankles, and feet.
The type of anemia that occurs as a result of thalassemia is:
a. microcytic, hypochromic.
b. microcytic, normochromic.
c. macrocytic, hyperchromic.
d. macrocytic, normochromic. - ANSWER-a. microcytic, hypochromic.
Characteristics of beta-thalassemia major include:
a. a heterozygous form of thalassemia.
b. a defect in the uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis.
c. a fatal condition in which all four beta-forming genes are defective.
d. the development of Hb H when three genes are defective. - ANSWER-b. a defect
in the uncoupling of a- and b-chain synthesis.
A 20-year-old male received a knife wound to the arm during an altercation.
Which of the following types of immunity was compromised?
A. Innate immunity
B. Inflammatory response
C. Adaptive immunity
D. Specific immunity - ANSWER-A. Innate immunity
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