Baylor Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm EXAM
BAYLOR ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST
2025/2026 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Polycythemia Vera is a chronic neoplastic condition that occurs when there is an
________________of RBCs also causing splenomegaly. - ANSWER-overproduction
True or False: Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn resulting from Rh
incompatibility is more severe than that stemming from ABO incompatibility. -
ANSWER-True
A 62-year-old woman comes into the clinic complaining of being tired. Upon
examination, you notice she is pale, has sores in the corners of her mouth
accompanied by a red tongue, and has concave fingernails. Which type of anemia
do you suspect? - ANSWER-Iron-deficiency
RhoGAM should be given to an Rh-negative mother within _________hours of
exposure to Rh-positive fetal blood. - ANSWER-72
What would you prescribe as a lifelong treatment plan for a patient that has had a
gastric bypass and is diagnosed with pernicious anemia? - ANSWER-Vitamin B-12
Your patient has developed hemolytic anemia related to the antibiotic PCN. What
is your first line of therapy? - ANSWER-Corticoid administration
1|Page
, Baylor Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm EXAM
Which treatment prevents the development of kernicterus in an infant born with
hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)? - ANSWER-Replacement transfusion of
new Rh-positive blood that is not contaminated with anti-Rh antibodies.
What vitamin improves the absorption of oral iron in children and should be
recommended as part of the treatment for iron-deficiency anemia? - ANSWER-C
What is the fundamental physiologic mechanism of anemia? - ANSWER-Hypoxia
What lab would demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment for a patient with
pernicious anemia? - ANSWER-Reticulocyte count
Your patient has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The
pathophysiology includes: - ANSWER-ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the
presence of greater than 30% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood.
Which disorder is described as an unregulated release of thrombin with
subsequent fibrin formation and accelerated fibrinolysis? - ANSWER-DIC
When the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply, immature
neutrophils are released indicating: - ANSWER-Shift to the left
In the child diagnosed with hemophilia, which clotting factor is the primary cause?
- ANSWER-Factor VIII
2|Page
, Baylor Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm EXAM
As an APRN, the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease includes deoxygenation of
Hb S cells, which is triggered from: - ANSWER-Decreased oxygen tension
A major difference between acute and chronic leukemia is classified by which
criterion? - ANSWER-Rate of cell progression
______________ in the lymph nodes are necessary for the diagnosis but not
specific to Hodgkin lymphoma and are derived from malignant B cells that usually
become binucleate. - ANSWER-Reed-Sternberg Cells
What is the probable cause of cellular swelling in the early stages of cell injury? -
ANSWER-Na-K pump fails to remove intracellular Na+
The mechanism for liver damage related to chronic alcoholism is: - ANSWER--
Oxidative stress
-Chemical asphyxiation
Free radicals cause damage by - ANSWER-Giving up an electron, which causes
injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane
The loss of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during ischemia causes cells to: -
ANSWER-Swell because of the influx of sodium chloride
During cellular injury, when the membrane becomes damaged, what is the
mechanism of the cell injury? - ANSWER-Loss of permeability
3|Page
BAYLOR ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST
2025/2026 COMPLETE 100 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+
Polycythemia Vera is a chronic neoplastic condition that occurs when there is an
________________of RBCs also causing splenomegaly. - ANSWER-overproduction
True or False: Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn resulting from Rh
incompatibility is more severe than that stemming from ABO incompatibility. -
ANSWER-True
A 62-year-old woman comes into the clinic complaining of being tired. Upon
examination, you notice she is pale, has sores in the corners of her mouth
accompanied by a red tongue, and has concave fingernails. Which type of anemia
do you suspect? - ANSWER-Iron-deficiency
RhoGAM should be given to an Rh-negative mother within _________hours of
exposure to Rh-positive fetal blood. - ANSWER-72
What would you prescribe as a lifelong treatment plan for a patient that has had a
gastric bypass and is diagnosed with pernicious anemia? - ANSWER-Vitamin B-12
Your patient has developed hemolytic anemia related to the antibiotic PCN. What
is your first line of therapy? - ANSWER-Corticoid administration
1|Page
, Baylor Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm EXAM
Which treatment prevents the development of kernicterus in an infant born with
hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)? - ANSWER-Replacement transfusion of
new Rh-positive blood that is not contaminated with anti-Rh antibodies.
What vitamin improves the absorption of oral iron in children and should be
recommended as part of the treatment for iron-deficiency anemia? - ANSWER-C
What is the fundamental physiologic mechanism of anemia? - ANSWER-Hypoxia
What lab would demonstrate the effectiveness of treatment for a patient with
pernicious anemia? - ANSWER-Reticulocyte count
Your patient has been diagnosed with acute lymphocytic leukemia. The
pathophysiology includes: - ANSWER-ALL is a progressive neoplasm defined by the
presence of greater than 30% lymphoblasts in the bone marrow or blood.
Which disorder is described as an unregulated release of thrombin with
subsequent fibrin formation and accelerated fibrinolysis? - ANSWER-DIC
When the demand for mature neutrophils exceeds the supply, immature
neutrophils are released indicating: - ANSWER-Shift to the left
In the child diagnosed with hemophilia, which clotting factor is the primary cause?
- ANSWER-Factor VIII
2|Page
, Baylor Advanced Pathophysiology Midterm EXAM
As an APRN, the pathophysiology of sickle cell disease includes deoxygenation of
Hb S cells, which is triggered from: - ANSWER-Decreased oxygen tension
A major difference between acute and chronic leukemia is classified by which
criterion? - ANSWER-Rate of cell progression
______________ in the lymph nodes are necessary for the diagnosis but not
specific to Hodgkin lymphoma and are derived from malignant B cells that usually
become binucleate. - ANSWER-Reed-Sternberg Cells
What is the probable cause of cellular swelling in the early stages of cell injury? -
ANSWER-Na-K pump fails to remove intracellular Na+
The mechanism for liver damage related to chronic alcoholism is: - ANSWER--
Oxidative stress
-Chemical asphyxiation
Free radicals cause damage by - ANSWER-Giving up an electron, which causes
injury to the chemical bonds of the cell membrane
The loss of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) during ischemia causes cells to: -
ANSWER-Swell because of the influx of sodium chloride
During cellular injury, when the membrane becomes damaged, what is the
mechanism of the cell injury? - ANSWER-Loss of permeability
3|Page
