with 100% correct answers
Critical Thinking - answer the ability to think carefully about thinking
and reasoning—to criticize your own reasoning.
Propositions - answer statements that can be true or false
Simple Proposition - answer have no internal logical structure, meaning
whether they are true or false does not depend on whether a part of
them is true or false The sky is blue.
Complex Proposition - answer have internal logical structure, meaning
they are composed of simple propositions. The sky is blue, but it does
not look blue to me right now.
Bad Inferential Structure - answer premises do not demonstrate or
support conclusions, premises are true without being compelled to
accept the conclusion
False Premise - answer premise is false
Conclusion Indicators - answer Have the general sense of "I have told
you some things, now here is what I want you to believe". Therefore, so,
, it follows that, hence, thus, entails that, we may conclude that, implies
that, wherefore, as a result
Premise Indicators - answer "from this fact I am going to infer
something else Because, for, given that, in that, as, since, as indicated
by
Argument - answer any purportedly rational movement from evidence
or premises to a conclusion. I believe x because of y, z, and w.
Deductive - answer the premises provide conclusive support for the
conclusion - if they guarantee the conclusion or make the conclusion
certain.
Induction - answer arguments where the premises make the conclusion
probable
Abduction - answer arguments where the best available explanation is
chosen as the correct explanation
Soundness - answer both about structure and truth. Must have good
structure and true premises.