PSYC 2314, Chapters 1-4, Study Guide,
Exam 1, Prof. T. Klein, DMC Questions
With Correct Answers
life-span |approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-lifelong, |multi-dimensional, |multi-directional, |
plastic, |multi-disciplinary, |contextual, |involves |growth, |maintenance, |and |regulation |of |loss; |no
|age |period |dominates |development |and |early |adulthood |is |not |the |endpoint |of |development
traditional |development |approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infancy |is |thought |to |be |a |time |of |
considerable |change; |emphasizes |extensive |change |from |birth |to |adolescence, |little |or |no |
change |in |adulthood, |and |decline |in |old |age
life |expectancy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-statistics |of |how |long |a |member |of |the |species |may |
live |given |the |year |they |were |born, |where |they |live, |and |their |sex
78.6 |US |population |average
76.1 |men
81.1 |women
life |span |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-maximum |number |of |years |an |individual |in |a |species |has |
been |known |to |live |(100-125 |years |old)
normative |age-graded |events |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-biological |processes |such |as |puberty |
and |menopause; |socio-cultural, |environmental |process |such |as |beginning |formal |education |
(age |6) |and |retirement |(50's-60's)
normative |history-graded |events |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-major |historical |events |commonly |
experienced |by |all; |example: |Great |Depression, |WWII, |9/11, |the |internet, |Hurricane |Katrina, |
Global |Warming
,non-normative |life |events |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-specific, |atypical |events |that |occur |in |a |
particular |person's |life |at |a |time |when |such |events |do |not |happen |to |most |people
culture |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-behaviors, |patterns, |beliefs, |and |all |other |products |of |a |
particular |group |of |people |that |are |passed |on |from |generation |to |generation
socioeconomic |status |(SES) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-economic |or |social |position |in |relationship
|to |others
ethnicity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |made |up |term |- |a |socially |defined |category |of |people |who
|identify |with |each |other |based |on |common |ancestral, |social, |cultural |or |national |experience
gender |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |socially |constructed |roles |and |characteristics |by |which |a |
culture |defines |male |and |female
transgender |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |umbrella |term |describing |people |whose |gender |
identity |or |expression |differs |from |that |associated |with |their |sex |at |birth
nature |v. |nurture |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-organism's |biological |inheritance |(genes/DNA) |v. |
environmental |experiences
theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-control |and |manipulate |conditions |to |rule |out |all |influences
hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |testable |theory; |an |educated |guess
psychoanalytic |theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Theories |that |describe |development |as |
primarily |unconscious |and |heavily |colored |by |emotion. |Behavior |is |merely |a |surface |
, characteristic, |and |the |symbolic |workings |of |the |mind |have |to |be |analyzed |to |understand |
behavior. |Early |experiences |with |parents |are |emphasized.
Freud |stages |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-0-1 |oral |stage |- |everything |goes |in |mouth
2-4 |anal |stage |- |control |(of |bowels)
5-7 |oedipal/ |phallic
8-12 |latency
13+ |genital
Erikson |stages |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Infant |(0-1yr) |Trust |vs. |Mistrust |"HOPE"
Toddler |(1-3yr) |Autonomy |v. |Shame |and |Doubt |"WILL"
Preschool |(3-6yr) |- |Initiative |v. |Guilt |"Purpose"
School |(6-11yr) |- |Industry |v. |Inferiority |"Competence"
Adolescent |(12-20yr) |"Fidelity"
Young |Adult |(21-40yr) |Intimacy |v. |Isolation |"Love"
(41-60yr) |Generative |Lifestyle |v. |Stagnation |or |Self-Absorption |"Care"
(>65) |Ego |Integrity |v. |Despair |"Wisdom"
cognitive |theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ideas |about |how |people |process |information, |
think, |and |learn.
Piaget |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-theorist |that |developed |a |series |of |stages |in |which |an |
individual |passes |during |cognitive |development.
Constructivist |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Piaget's |theory, |in |which |cognitive |development
|results |from |children's |active |construction |of |reality, |based |on |their |experiences |with |the |
world
Exam 1, Prof. T. Klein, DMC Questions
With Correct Answers
life-span |approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-lifelong, |multi-dimensional, |multi-directional, |
plastic, |multi-disciplinary, |contextual, |involves |growth, |maintenance, |and |regulation |of |loss; |no
|age |period |dominates |development |and |early |adulthood |is |not |the |endpoint |of |development
traditional |development |approach |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-infancy |is |thought |to |be |a |time |of |
considerable |change; |emphasizes |extensive |change |from |birth |to |adolescence, |little |or |no |
change |in |adulthood, |and |decline |in |old |age
life |expectancy |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-statistics |of |how |long |a |member |of |the |species |may |
live |given |the |year |they |were |born, |where |they |live, |and |their |sex
78.6 |US |population |average
76.1 |men
81.1 |women
life |span |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-maximum |number |of |years |an |individual |in |a |species |has |
been |known |to |live |(100-125 |years |old)
normative |age-graded |events |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-biological |processes |such |as |puberty |
and |menopause; |socio-cultural, |environmental |process |such |as |beginning |formal |education |
(age |6) |and |retirement |(50's-60's)
normative |history-graded |events |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-major |historical |events |commonly |
experienced |by |all; |example: |Great |Depression, |WWII, |9/11, |the |internet, |Hurricane |Katrina, |
Global |Warming
,non-normative |life |events |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-specific, |atypical |events |that |occur |in |a |
particular |person's |life |at |a |time |when |such |events |do |not |happen |to |most |people
culture |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-behaviors, |patterns, |beliefs, |and |all |other |products |of |a |
particular |group |of |people |that |are |passed |on |from |generation |to |generation
socioeconomic |status |(SES) |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-economic |or |social |position |in |relationship
|to |others
ethnicity |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |made |up |term |- |a |socially |defined |category |of |people |who
|identify |with |each |other |based |on |common |ancestral, |social, |cultural |or |national |experience
gender |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-the |socially |constructed |roles |and |characteristics |by |which |a |
culture |defines |male |and |female
transgender |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-an |umbrella |term |describing |people |whose |gender |
identity |or |expression |differs |from |that |associated |with |their |sex |at |birth
nature |v. |nurture |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-organism's |biological |inheritance |(genes/DNA) |v. |
environmental |experiences
theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-control |and |manipulate |conditions |to |rule |out |all |influences
hypothesis |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-a |testable |theory; |an |educated |guess
psychoanalytic |theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Theories |that |describe |development |as |
primarily |unconscious |and |heavily |colored |by |emotion. |Behavior |is |merely |a |surface |
, characteristic, |and |the |symbolic |workings |of |the |mind |have |to |be |analyzed |to |understand |
behavior. |Early |experiences |with |parents |are |emphasized.
Freud |stages |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-0-1 |oral |stage |- |everything |goes |in |mouth
2-4 |anal |stage |- |control |(of |bowels)
5-7 |oedipal/ |phallic
8-12 |latency
13+ |genital
Erikson |stages |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Infant |(0-1yr) |Trust |vs. |Mistrust |"HOPE"
Toddler |(1-3yr) |Autonomy |v. |Shame |and |Doubt |"WILL"
Preschool |(3-6yr) |- |Initiative |v. |Guilt |"Purpose"
School |(6-11yr) |- |Industry |v. |Inferiority |"Competence"
Adolescent |(12-20yr) |"Fidelity"
Young |Adult |(21-40yr) |Intimacy |v. |Isolation |"Love"
(41-60yr) |Generative |Lifestyle |v. |Stagnation |or |Self-Absorption |"Care"
(>65) |Ego |Integrity |v. |Despair |"Wisdom"
cognitive |theories |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Ideas |about |how |people |process |information, |
think, |and |learn.
Piaget |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-theorist |that |developed |a |series |of |stages |in |which |an |
individual |passes |during |cognitive |development.
Constructivist |Theory |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Piaget's |theory, |in |which |cognitive |development
|results |from |children's |active |construction |of |reality, |based |on |their |experiences |with |the |
world
