, TESTBANK for Nutritional Sciences From
Fundamentals to Food , 4th Edition Michelle
Shelley
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 or five pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
1. All nutritional scientists are dietitians.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
2. Essential nutrients do not need to be eaten to maintain health, as the body can make them in amounts needed to satisfy
its physiological requirements.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. Vitamins and minerals are considered to be energy-yielding nutrients.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
4. When a food is labeled “organic,” it is always healthier than foods without this label.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
5. Dietary fiber is a form of carbohydrate that may help decrease an individual's risk of type 2 diabetes.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
6. The energy in food is measured in units called calories.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Lipids include a variety of fats and oils.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
8. All inorganic substances in the human body are called minerals.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
9. A gram of fat provides more energy than a gram of protein.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
10. When using the scientific method, the first step is to make an appropriate and accurate observation.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
11. Epidemiologic studies investigate correlations.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
12. In an intervention study, control groups receive a treatment or intervention.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
13. The New York Times is generally considered a primary and peer-reviewed source.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
14. For a given period of time, the mortality rate refers to the number of deaths while the morbidity rate relates to the
number of illnesses.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
15. NHANES is an epidemiologic study to assess trends in diet and health in the U.S. population.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
16. Which of the following statements describes a “nonessential nutrient”?
a. The body can make the nutrient in the amount needed.
b. The body doesn’t need the nutrient.
c. The body cannot use the nutrient.
d. The body stores the nutrient for later use.
e. The body immediately excretes the nutrient.
ANSWER: a
17. Which of the following is the overall term for substances in food that are used by the body for at least one of the
following: energy, structure, or regulation of chemical reactions in the body?
a. Calories
b. Vitamins
c. Minerals
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
d. Nutrients
e. Water
ANSWER: d
18. Which of the following statements is true about essential nutrients?
a. They must be synthesized by the body daily.
b. They must be stored in the body.
c. They must come from the food we eat.
d. They must be consumed from organic foods.
e. They need to be generated by the body in the morning.
ANSWER: c
19. Because of his age, baby Omar’s body cannot make a nutrient that would normally be considered a nonessential
nutrient for older adults. What is the term used for this type of nutrient?
a. Essential
b. Baby nonessential
c. Conditionally essential
d. Partially essential
e. Stored
ANSWER: c
20. Which statement is true about macronutrients?
a. They are defined by being calorie rich.
b. We need large quantities of them on a daily basis.
c. Lipids make up the majority of these nutrients.
d. Most are minerals.
e. The body requires less than a gram per day of these nutrients.
ANSWER: b
21. Which term is used to describe foods such as beets and tomatoes that, when consumed, do more to promote health
than simply helping the body meet basic nutritional needs?
a. Fluidic
b. Essential
c. Organic
d. Biodiverse
e. Functional
ANSWER: e
22. Which U.S. government agency certifies foods as grown and processed “organically”?
a. Environmental Protection Agency
b. Food and Drug Administration
c. Department of Health and Human Services
d. Federal Trade Commission
e. Department of Agriculture
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,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
ANSWER: e
23. Foods are considered “organic” if they are produced, grown, and harvested without the use of most conventional
pesticides, fertilizers made with synthetic ingredients, ionizing radiation, or which of the following?
a. Carbon-containing compounds
b. Distilled water
c. Ultraviolet light
d. Greenhouses
e. Bioengineering
ANSWER: e
24. Which statement is true regarding “Certified Organic” foods?
a. The term has little to do with how a plant or animal is grown or harvested.
b. These foods are not guaranteed to be more nutritious than those lacking the certification.
c. These foods are fresher and will last longer than those without the certification.
d. These foods are never treated with pesticides.
e. The term means the food is always safer to eat.
ANSWER: b
25. Jude is shopping and finds a box of cereal that is labeled “100% organic.” What percentage of the cereal must
therefore be organic?
a. At least 50%
b. At least 70%
c. At least 85%
d. At least 95%
e. At least 100%
ANSWER: d
26. Which of the following is the primary source of energy for most cells?
a. Fatty acids
b. Glucose
c. Proteins
d. Sucrose
e. Water
ANSWER: b
27. What is the approximate percentage of the adult human body weight that is made up of water?
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 35%
d. 50%
e. 60%
ANSWER: e
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
28. Tala has decided to try to cut out fat from her diet. Tala could be at risk for developing which of the following vitamin
deficiencies since this vitamin is fat-soluble?
a. C
b. B1
c. B12
d. E
e. B6
ANSWER: d
29. What substance in the body stores energy like a molecular battery that the body can then use in the future to power
many of its physiologic processes?
a. Zoonutrient
b. Adenosine triphosphate
c. Minerals
d. Nucleic acids
e. Vitamins
ANSWER: b
30. Nery is eating a food that contains 6 grams of fat, 20 grams of protein, and 26 grams of carbohydrates. How many kcal
will Nery consume by eating this food?
a. 52
b. 104
c. 130
d. 77
e. 238
ANSWER: e
31. Lura has just finished a drink that contained 20 grams of carbohydrates and 12 grams of alcohol. How many kcal did
Lura consume?
a. 32
b. 188
c. 145
d. 164
e. 128
ANSWER: d
32. Which of the following provides 7 kcal per gram?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Alcohol
c. Proteins
d. Lipids
e. Fiber
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
33. Milo just ate six cookies that contained 820 calories, and 520 calories were from fat. Approximately what percent of
the calories came from fat?
a. 2.6%
b. 31%
c. 63%
d. 85%
e. 100%
ANSWER: c
34. Vera is on a diet and is out at a restaurant having dinner. She’s decided to have an alcoholic beverage that has 13
grams of alcohol. How many additional calories has this added to her meal?
a. 13
b. 52
c. 63
d. 91
e. 117
ANSWER: d
35. If Rohan requires 2500 kcalories per day, about how many of those kcalories should come from carbohydrates based
upon the current recommendations?
a. 250–875
b. 500–875
c. 560–980
d. 1,125–1,625
e. 1,260–1,820
ANSWER: d
36. Rima is considering following a 1500-kcalorie diet that includes 500 kcalories from carbohydrates. Select the true
statement regarding this diet.
a. It provides less than the current recommended amount of carbohydrates.
b. It is acceptable if the protein intake is roughly 10%–35% of kcalories.
c. It is acceptable if the lipid content is roughly 10%–15% of kcalories.
d. It provides the recommended amount of carbohydrates.
e. It is acceptable if the carbohydrates are mixed with alcohol.
ANSWER: a
37. After making a precise observation, which is the next step in testing theories using the scientific method?
a. Discontinue the research
b. Propose a hypothesis
c. Make an observation
d. Draft the conclusions
e. Conduct experiments
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
38. In applying the scientific method, it is important that the observation qualifies as which of the following?
a. Interesting and useful
b. Simple and repeated
c. Thoughtful and known
d. Noteworthy and expected
e. Accurate and complete
ANSWER: e
39. It is known that when someone takes in fewer kcalories than they need, they will lose weight. This is considered to be
an example of which of the following?
a. Simple relationship
b. Nonessential relationship
c. Cause-and-effect relationship
d. Negative correlation
e. Complex correlation
ANSWER: c
40. Kiana has been asked to conduct a study to determine if additional vitamin A will promote the growth of healthy,
strong fingernails. Since she wants the study to be as close to the “ideal” nutrition intervention study as possible, which of
the following will she make sure is part of the study?
a. Half of the participants get something that looks like additional vitamin A but isn’t.
b. Only the researchers know which participants receive vitamin A.
c. All participants get the same amount of vitamin A.
d. All of the participants are between 18 and 25 years of age.
e. The female chances of getting vitamin A are better than the males.
ANSWER: a
41. Of the following, which is an example of a positive correlation?
a. The less Pau eats, the more muscle mass he loses.
b. The more kcalories Tyr eats, the less energy he uses.
c. The more vitamins Obama consumes, the less energy he has.
d. The longer Leya exercises, the stronger she gets.
e. The more sitting Kaliana does, the less she wants to exercise.
ANSWER: d
42. Of the following statements, which statement is an example of a “simple relationship”?
a. Avoiding exercise can reduce an individual's life expectancy.
b. Eating organic foods may improve nutritional status.
c. Swimming may increase an individual's outlook on life.
d. Consuming inadequate calcium may result in osteoporosis.
e. Consuming inadequate vitamin C results in a deficiency.
ANSWER: e
43. Which of the following is an example of an environmental factor that influences health?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
a. Performing minimal exercise when young
b. Consuming a varied diet
c. Being exposed to pesticides
d. An individual's ethnicity
e. Exercising moderately
ANSWER: c
44. What has to occur before a hypothesis becomes a scientific finding?
a. Design of an appropriate, carefully conducted study, and correct interpretation of the data
b. Debate, presentation of opposing views, and generalization
c. Presentation of the data at a national conference
d. Meta-analysis, summary, and proponent arguments
e. Peer review, delineation of pros and cons, and preparation of a bibliography
ANSWER: a
45. Which type of study includes scientists making observations and recording information without actually asking the
subjects to change their behaviors or undergo any sort of treatment?
a. Controlled
b. Experimental
c. Prescribed
d. Epidemiologic
e. Simple
ANSWER: d
46. Which of these study designs would be appropriate if you wanted to determine the relationships among age, gender,
activity level, alcohol consumption, and body weight among the students attending the universities in your state?
a. Epidemiologic
b. Efficacy
c. Intervention
d. Intercession
e. Intra-cession
ANSWER: a
47. The Framingham Heart Study investigated the relationship between lifestyle factors and which other variable?
a. Liver damage
b. Cancer
c. Obesity
d. Longevity
e. Heart health
ANSWER: e
48. One of the limitations of epidemiologic studies is that the results cannot be interpreted as proving which of the
following?
a. An association
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 8
Fundamentals to Food , 4th Edition Michelle
Shelley
Notes
1- The file is chapter after chapter.
2- We have shown you 10 or five pages.
3- The file contains all Appendix and Excel
sheet if it exists.
4- We have all what you need, we make
update at every time. There are many new
editions waiting you.
5- If you think you purchased the wrong file
You can contact us at every time, we can
replace it with true one.
Our email:
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
1. All nutritional scientists are dietitians.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
2. Essential nutrients do not need to be eaten to maintain health, as the body can make them in amounts needed to satisfy
its physiological requirements.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
3. Vitamins and minerals are considered to be energy-yielding nutrients.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
4. When a food is labeled “organic,” it is always healthier than foods without this label.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
5. Dietary fiber is a form of carbohydrate that may help decrease an individual's risk of type 2 diabetes.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
6. The energy in food is measured in units called calories.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
7. Lipids include a variety of fats and oils.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
8. All inorganic substances in the human body are called minerals.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
9. A gram of fat provides more energy than a gram of protein.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 1
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
10. When using the scientific method, the first step is to make an appropriate and accurate observation.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
11. Epidemiologic studies investigate correlations.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
12. In an intervention study, control groups receive a treatment or intervention.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
13. The New York Times is generally considered a primary and peer-reviewed source.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
14. For a given period of time, the mortality rate refers to the number of deaths while the morbidity rate relates to the
number of illnesses.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
15. NHANES is an epidemiologic study to assess trends in diet and health in the U.S. population.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
16. Which of the following statements describes a “nonessential nutrient”?
a. The body can make the nutrient in the amount needed.
b. The body doesn’t need the nutrient.
c. The body cannot use the nutrient.
d. The body stores the nutrient for later use.
e. The body immediately excretes the nutrient.
ANSWER: a
17. Which of the following is the overall term for substances in food that are used by the body for at least one of the
following: energy, structure, or regulation of chemical reactions in the body?
a. Calories
b. Vitamins
c. Minerals
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 2
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
d. Nutrients
e. Water
ANSWER: d
18. Which of the following statements is true about essential nutrients?
a. They must be synthesized by the body daily.
b. They must be stored in the body.
c. They must come from the food we eat.
d. They must be consumed from organic foods.
e. They need to be generated by the body in the morning.
ANSWER: c
19. Because of his age, baby Omar’s body cannot make a nutrient that would normally be considered a nonessential
nutrient for older adults. What is the term used for this type of nutrient?
a. Essential
b. Baby nonessential
c. Conditionally essential
d. Partially essential
e. Stored
ANSWER: c
20. Which statement is true about macronutrients?
a. They are defined by being calorie rich.
b. We need large quantities of them on a daily basis.
c. Lipids make up the majority of these nutrients.
d. Most are minerals.
e. The body requires less than a gram per day of these nutrients.
ANSWER: b
21. Which term is used to describe foods such as beets and tomatoes that, when consumed, do more to promote health
than simply helping the body meet basic nutritional needs?
a. Fluidic
b. Essential
c. Organic
d. Biodiverse
e. Functional
ANSWER: e
22. Which U.S. government agency certifies foods as grown and processed “organically”?
a. Environmental Protection Agency
b. Food and Drug Administration
c. Department of Health and Human Services
d. Federal Trade Commission
e. Department of Agriculture
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 3
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
ANSWER: e
23. Foods are considered “organic” if they are produced, grown, and harvested without the use of most conventional
pesticides, fertilizers made with synthetic ingredients, ionizing radiation, or which of the following?
a. Carbon-containing compounds
b. Distilled water
c. Ultraviolet light
d. Greenhouses
e. Bioengineering
ANSWER: e
24. Which statement is true regarding “Certified Organic” foods?
a. The term has little to do with how a plant or animal is grown or harvested.
b. These foods are not guaranteed to be more nutritious than those lacking the certification.
c. These foods are fresher and will last longer than those without the certification.
d. These foods are never treated with pesticides.
e. The term means the food is always safer to eat.
ANSWER: b
25. Jude is shopping and finds a box of cereal that is labeled “100% organic.” What percentage of the cereal must
therefore be organic?
a. At least 50%
b. At least 70%
c. At least 85%
d. At least 95%
e. At least 100%
ANSWER: d
26. Which of the following is the primary source of energy for most cells?
a. Fatty acids
b. Glucose
c. Proteins
d. Sucrose
e. Water
ANSWER: b
27. What is the approximate percentage of the adult human body weight that is made up of water?
a. 10%
b. 20%
c. 35%
d. 50%
e. 60%
ANSWER: e
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 4
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
28. Tala has decided to try to cut out fat from her diet. Tala could be at risk for developing which of the following vitamin
deficiencies since this vitamin is fat-soluble?
a. C
b. B1
c. B12
d. E
e. B6
ANSWER: d
29. What substance in the body stores energy like a molecular battery that the body can then use in the future to power
many of its physiologic processes?
a. Zoonutrient
b. Adenosine triphosphate
c. Minerals
d. Nucleic acids
e. Vitamins
ANSWER: b
30. Nery is eating a food that contains 6 grams of fat, 20 grams of protein, and 26 grams of carbohydrates. How many kcal
will Nery consume by eating this food?
a. 52
b. 104
c. 130
d. 77
e. 238
ANSWER: e
31. Lura has just finished a drink that contained 20 grams of carbohydrates and 12 grams of alcohol. How many kcal did
Lura consume?
a. 32
b. 188
c. 145
d. 164
e. 128
ANSWER: d
32. Which of the following provides 7 kcal per gram?
a. Carbohydrates
b. Alcohol
c. Proteins
d. Lipids
e. Fiber
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 5
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
33. Milo just ate six cookies that contained 820 calories, and 520 calories were from fat. Approximately what percent of
the calories came from fat?
a. 2.6%
b. 31%
c. 63%
d. 85%
e. 100%
ANSWER: c
34. Vera is on a diet and is out at a restaurant having dinner. She’s decided to have an alcoholic beverage that has 13
grams of alcohol. How many additional calories has this added to her meal?
a. 13
b. 52
c. 63
d. 91
e. 117
ANSWER: d
35. If Rohan requires 2500 kcalories per day, about how many of those kcalories should come from carbohydrates based
upon the current recommendations?
a. 250–875
b. 500–875
c. 560–980
d. 1,125–1,625
e. 1,260–1,820
ANSWER: d
36. Rima is considering following a 1500-kcalorie diet that includes 500 kcalories from carbohydrates. Select the true
statement regarding this diet.
a. It provides less than the current recommended amount of carbohydrates.
b. It is acceptable if the protein intake is roughly 10%–35% of kcalories.
c. It is acceptable if the lipid content is roughly 10%–15% of kcalories.
d. It provides the recommended amount of carbohydrates.
e. It is acceptable if the carbohydrates are mixed with alcohol.
ANSWER: a
37. After making a precise observation, which is the next step in testing theories using the scientific method?
a. Discontinue the research
b. Propose a hypothesis
c. Make an observation
d. Draft the conclusions
e. Conduct experiments
ANSWER: b
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 6
,Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
38. In applying the scientific method, it is important that the observation qualifies as which of the following?
a. Interesting and useful
b. Simple and repeated
c. Thoughtful and known
d. Noteworthy and expected
e. Accurate and complete
ANSWER: e
39. It is known that when someone takes in fewer kcalories than they need, they will lose weight. This is considered to be
an example of which of the following?
a. Simple relationship
b. Nonessential relationship
c. Cause-and-effect relationship
d. Negative correlation
e. Complex correlation
ANSWER: c
40. Kiana has been asked to conduct a study to determine if additional vitamin A will promote the growth of healthy,
strong fingernails. Since she wants the study to be as close to the “ideal” nutrition intervention study as possible, which of
the following will she make sure is part of the study?
a. Half of the participants get something that looks like additional vitamin A but isn’t.
b. Only the researchers know which participants receive vitamin A.
c. All participants get the same amount of vitamin A.
d. All of the participants are between 18 and 25 years of age.
e. The female chances of getting vitamin A are better than the males.
ANSWER: a
41. Of the following, which is an example of a positive correlation?
a. The less Pau eats, the more muscle mass he loses.
b. The more kcalories Tyr eats, the less energy he uses.
c. The more vitamins Obama consumes, the less energy he has.
d. The longer Leya exercises, the stronger she gets.
e. The more sitting Kaliana does, the less she wants to exercise.
ANSWER: d
42. Of the following statements, which statement is an example of a “simple relationship”?
a. Avoiding exercise can reduce an individual's life expectancy.
b. Eating organic foods may improve nutritional status.
c. Swimming may increase an individual's outlook on life.
d. Consuming inadequate calcium may result in osteoporosis.
e. Consuming inadequate vitamin C results in a deficiency.
ANSWER: e
43. Which of the following is an example of an environmental factor that influences health?
Copyright Cengage Learning. Powered by Cognero. Page 7
, Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 01: The Science of Nutrition
a. Performing minimal exercise when young
b. Consuming a varied diet
c. Being exposed to pesticides
d. An individual's ethnicity
e. Exercising moderately
ANSWER: c
44. What has to occur before a hypothesis becomes a scientific finding?
a. Design of an appropriate, carefully conducted study, and correct interpretation of the data
b. Debate, presentation of opposing views, and generalization
c. Presentation of the data at a national conference
d. Meta-analysis, summary, and proponent arguments
e. Peer review, delineation of pros and cons, and preparation of a bibliography
ANSWER: a
45. Which type of study includes scientists making observations and recording information without actually asking the
subjects to change their behaviors or undergo any sort of treatment?
a. Controlled
b. Experimental
c. Prescribed
d. Epidemiologic
e. Simple
ANSWER: d
46. Which of these study designs would be appropriate if you wanted to determine the relationships among age, gender,
activity level, alcohol consumption, and body weight among the students attending the universities in your state?
a. Epidemiologic
b. Efficacy
c. Intervention
d. Intercession
e. Intra-cession
ANSWER: a
47. The Framingham Heart Study investigated the relationship between lifestyle factors and which other variable?
a. Liver damage
b. Cancer
c. Obesity
d. Longevity
e. Heart health
ANSWER: e
48. One of the limitations of epidemiologic studies is that the results cannot be interpreted as proving which of the
following?
a. An association
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