BIOLOGY PRAXIS EXAM 5235
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
how do scientists make observations - Correct Answers -Scientists are naturally curious
about the world. Thoughts are taken note of and further investigated
Steps of scientific inquiry - Correct Answers --Make an Observation
-Form a Question
-Form a Hypothesis
-Conduct Experiment
-Analyze the Data and Draw Conclusions
What is a hypothesis - Correct Answers -an informed guess as to the possible answer.
Can be used for further scientific investigation
Controls/constants - Correct Answers -unchanged. Used as base for comparison of
variables
Variable/experimental group - Correct Answers -receives intervention and compared to
control group.
How does chromatography work in plants - Correct Answers --pigment is extracted in
plant leaves and separated from each other by chromatography
- a drop of liquid from ground leaves in placed on a chromatography paper close to the
bottom.
- paper is placed in organic solvent
-as solvent travels up, the extract separates based on their solubility in the solvent and
their attraction n to the hydrated cellulose in the chromatography paper
What is the corolla - Correct Answers -collective petals on a flower
What is found in all viruses - Correct Answers -a capsid, DNA or RNA
What is restriction endonuclease - Correct Answers -cleaves DNA
- happens before helices binds
Independent variable - Correct Answers -intentionally introduced to the variable group in
an experiment
Dependent variable - Correct Answers -the resulting change in the variable group that is
caused by introduction of the independent variable.
,Proof vs. support - Correct Answers -
How do scientists communicate findings - Correct Answers -Giving talks, writing papers
and proposals, communicating with a variety of audiences, and educating others.
What is matter? - Correct Answers -anything that has mass
What is an atom - Correct Answers -made up of electrons, protons and neutrons
What is an isotope - Correct Answers -different neutron numbers
Example of isotopes - Correct Answers -13C vs. 14C
Difference between ionic and covalent - Correct Answers -Ionics: gives, accepts,
donates (eg. NaCl)
Covalent: shares (eg. H2O)
Difference between solutions, suspensions, colloids - Correct Answers -a.Solution:
homogenous
b.Suspension: cloudy dirty
c.Colloids: gels
What are physical laws? - Correct Answers -conclusions based on repeated scientific
experiments observations over many years and which have become accepted
universally within the scientific community
What is a testable hypothesis? - Correct Answers -can be proved or disproved as a
result of testing, data collection or experience.
Science does not accept _________. Laws get modified by time - Correct Answers -
absolutes
What is a fact - Correct Answers -observations about the world around us
What is a theory - Correct Answers -a well substantiated explanation acquired through
the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and
experimentation
What is a law - Correct Answers -A statement based on repeated experimental
observation that describes some phenomenon of nature. Proof that something happens
and how it happens.
Principles of the Cell theory - Correct Answers -a. All living organisms are made of cells
(multi or uni cellular)
b. A cell is the basic unit of life.
c. Energy flows within cells
, d. Cells are the basic unit of reproduction
e. All cells have the same basic chemical composition
Historical Figures in the Cell theory - Correct Answers -Robert Hooke: discovered the
first cell using a microscope
Pasteur: disproved spontaneous generation. Proved that bacteria causes disease
Anton van Leeuwenhoek: improved magnification of microscopes
Schwwann: discovered that animal and plant tissue are both made of cells
Virchow: proposed that cells develop from existing cells
Historical Figures in Germ theory - Correct Answers -Galen: miasma theory
Fracastoro: was the first to propose germ theory
- John Snow: saw the idea of germ theory from cholera
Pasteur: discovred pathology of puerperal fever
- Koch: developed "Koch's postulates" to show that an organism causes a disease
Historical figures in Heredity, evolution and ecology - Correct Answers -Gregor Mendel:
father of genetics. monk who worked on pea plants
Darwin: proposed the theory of evolution and natural selection
What is an ecosystem - Correct Answers -organisms (biotic factors), the communities
they make up and the non-living (abiotic factors) components of their environment
Historical figures the structure and nature of genetic material - Correct Answers --
Hershey and Chase: confirmed that DNA is genetic material not protein
- Watson and Crick: discovered structure of DNA
- Rosalind Frankline: used X-ray to see the structure of DNA
How did Hershey and Chase determine DNA - Correct Answers -injected phage DNA
and protein. Saw that the DNA was transferred into the bacteria
Classification of organisms - Correct Answers -
Relationship among domains - Correct Answers -
Historical figures in classification of organisms - Correct Answers -- Linnaeus: father of
modern taxonomy.
- Woese: defined the Archea by using 16s ribosomal RNA
Difference between precision and accuracy - Correct Answers -- Accuracy refers to the
closeness of a measured value to a standard known value
- Precision refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other
Significant figure rules - Correct Answers -i. Non-zero digits are always significant;
1.121 has four significant digits.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
how do scientists make observations - Correct Answers -Scientists are naturally curious
about the world. Thoughts are taken note of and further investigated
Steps of scientific inquiry - Correct Answers --Make an Observation
-Form a Question
-Form a Hypothesis
-Conduct Experiment
-Analyze the Data and Draw Conclusions
What is a hypothesis - Correct Answers -an informed guess as to the possible answer.
Can be used for further scientific investigation
Controls/constants - Correct Answers -unchanged. Used as base for comparison of
variables
Variable/experimental group - Correct Answers -receives intervention and compared to
control group.
How does chromatography work in plants - Correct Answers --pigment is extracted in
plant leaves and separated from each other by chromatography
- a drop of liquid from ground leaves in placed on a chromatography paper close to the
bottom.
- paper is placed in organic solvent
-as solvent travels up, the extract separates based on their solubility in the solvent and
their attraction n to the hydrated cellulose in the chromatography paper
What is the corolla - Correct Answers -collective petals on a flower
What is found in all viruses - Correct Answers -a capsid, DNA or RNA
What is restriction endonuclease - Correct Answers -cleaves DNA
- happens before helices binds
Independent variable - Correct Answers -intentionally introduced to the variable group in
an experiment
Dependent variable - Correct Answers -the resulting change in the variable group that is
caused by introduction of the independent variable.
,Proof vs. support - Correct Answers -
How do scientists communicate findings - Correct Answers -Giving talks, writing papers
and proposals, communicating with a variety of audiences, and educating others.
What is matter? - Correct Answers -anything that has mass
What is an atom - Correct Answers -made up of electrons, protons and neutrons
What is an isotope - Correct Answers -different neutron numbers
Example of isotopes - Correct Answers -13C vs. 14C
Difference between ionic and covalent - Correct Answers -Ionics: gives, accepts,
donates (eg. NaCl)
Covalent: shares (eg. H2O)
Difference between solutions, suspensions, colloids - Correct Answers -a.Solution:
homogenous
b.Suspension: cloudy dirty
c.Colloids: gels
What are physical laws? - Correct Answers -conclusions based on repeated scientific
experiments observations over many years and which have become accepted
universally within the scientific community
What is a testable hypothesis? - Correct Answers -can be proved or disproved as a
result of testing, data collection or experience.
Science does not accept _________. Laws get modified by time - Correct Answers -
absolutes
What is a fact - Correct Answers -observations about the world around us
What is a theory - Correct Answers -a well substantiated explanation acquired through
the scientific method and repeatedly tested and confirmed through observation and
experimentation
What is a law - Correct Answers -A statement based on repeated experimental
observation that describes some phenomenon of nature. Proof that something happens
and how it happens.
Principles of the Cell theory - Correct Answers -a. All living organisms are made of cells
(multi or uni cellular)
b. A cell is the basic unit of life.
c. Energy flows within cells
, d. Cells are the basic unit of reproduction
e. All cells have the same basic chemical composition
Historical Figures in the Cell theory - Correct Answers -Robert Hooke: discovered the
first cell using a microscope
Pasteur: disproved spontaneous generation. Proved that bacteria causes disease
Anton van Leeuwenhoek: improved magnification of microscopes
Schwwann: discovered that animal and plant tissue are both made of cells
Virchow: proposed that cells develop from existing cells
Historical Figures in Germ theory - Correct Answers -Galen: miasma theory
Fracastoro: was the first to propose germ theory
- John Snow: saw the idea of germ theory from cholera
Pasteur: discovred pathology of puerperal fever
- Koch: developed "Koch's postulates" to show that an organism causes a disease
Historical figures in Heredity, evolution and ecology - Correct Answers -Gregor Mendel:
father of genetics. monk who worked on pea plants
Darwin: proposed the theory of evolution and natural selection
What is an ecosystem - Correct Answers -organisms (biotic factors), the communities
they make up and the non-living (abiotic factors) components of their environment
Historical figures the structure and nature of genetic material - Correct Answers --
Hershey and Chase: confirmed that DNA is genetic material not protein
- Watson and Crick: discovered structure of DNA
- Rosalind Frankline: used X-ray to see the structure of DNA
How did Hershey and Chase determine DNA - Correct Answers -injected phage DNA
and protein. Saw that the DNA was transferred into the bacteria
Classification of organisms - Correct Answers -
Relationship among domains - Correct Answers -
Historical figures in classification of organisms - Correct Answers -- Linnaeus: father of
modern taxonomy.
- Woese: defined the Archea by using 16s ribosomal RNA
Difference between precision and accuracy - Correct Answers -- Accuracy refers to the
closeness of a measured value to a standard known value
- Precision refers to the closeness of two or more measurements to each other
Significant figure rules - Correct Answers -i. Non-zero digits are always significant;
1.121 has four significant digits.
