ISSA Nutritionist Exam Questions and
Answers 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified
Who declared "let thy medicine be thy food, and let thy food be thy medicine". -
ANS-Hippocrates
Vitamins and their importance in health and wellness were discovered by European doctors in
the... - ANS-Early 1900s
In humans, what provides the first impression of food? - ANS-The eyes
Which of the following is one of the five categories of taste in food, corresponding to the flavor of
glutamates? - ANS-Umami
Factors affecting a person's access to food, food selections, and the way they consume foods
include: cultural, economic, and... - ANS-Religious considerations
Foods intended to be ingested under the supervision of a physician for a specific management
of a disease or condition are known as... - ANS-Medicinal foods
Which organ system is used for smelling? - ANS-Olfactory System
The consistency of a food describes its... - ANS-Firmness of thickness
The flavor of food is heavily influenced by the amount of... - ANS-Fat
Cell Membrane - ANS-The lipid bilayer enclosing human cells
Lipid Bilayer - ANS-A thin polar membrane made of pairs of lipid molecules
Phospholipids - ANS-A fatty acid inked through glycerol phosphate forming cell membranes
Hydrophilic - ANS-Water-loving; attracted to water
Hyrdophobic - ANS-Water-hating; repelled by water
,Blastocyst - ANS-A bundle of 70-100 mostly undifferentiated human cells
Tissue - ANS-Groups of cells having similar structure and acting together to perform a function
The 4 main tissue types - ANS-Endothelial, epithelial, connective, muscle
Epidermis - ANS-The outermost layer of the skin
Epithelialization - ANS-The process of replacing epithelial cells to maintain a protective barrier
Types of epithelial cells - ANS-Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Squamous Cells - ANS-Thin, flat epithelial cells that allow molecules to easily pass through.
Cuboidal - ANS-Box-shaped epithelial cells that secrete and absorb
Columnar - ANS-Rectangular-shaped epithelial cells that secrete and absorb in basal layer
Simple Epithelial Cells - ANS-Single layer of cells
Stratified Epithelial Cells - ANS-Multiple layers of cells
Transitional Epithelium - ANS-Epithelial cells that can change shape of stretch
Glandular Epithelium - ANS-Epithelial cells secreting specific water-based fluid, often
containing proteins (breast milk, saliva, hormones)
Connective Tissue - ANS-Tissue supporting, binding, or connecting other tissues in the body
Loose connective tissue - ANS-Made of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers, and it holds
organs in place
Dense connective tissue - ANS-Made of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers, and makes up
tendons and ligaments.
3 types of muscle tissue - ANS-skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
Skeletal Muscle - ANS-muscle fibers responsible for voluntary contraction
Smooth muscle - ANS-muscle fibers responsible for involuntary muscle contraction in the orgqn
systems
Cardiac Muscle - ANS-Muscle found only in the heart and contains branched and striated
muscle fibers
,Striated muscle fibers - ANS-muscle fibers having contractile units running parallel, appearing
striped on a microscope
Nervous tissue - ANS-The cells of the nervous system controlling body movement and body
functions
Nerve cells - ANS-the neurons transmitting nerve signals
Neurological cells - ANS-nervous tissue found largely in the CNS that forms myelin, protects
and supports neurons, and maintains homeostasis
Efferent Nerves - ANS-Neve cells carrying a signal from the brain to the body
Afferent Nerves - ANS-Nerve cells that carry a signal from the body to the brain
Central Nervous system - ANS-The brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system - ANS-The nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord
11 major organ systems - ANS-Digestive
muscular
integumentary
lymphatic
endocrine
nervous
skeletal
reproductive
respiratory
urinary
circulatory
Integumentary system - ANS-Organ system protecting the body; composed of hair, skin, and
nails
3 layers of the skin - ANS-epidermis, dermis, hypodermis or subcutaneous layer
Epidermis - ANS-the external layer of skin creating a waterproof barrier and giving the skin its
physical tone
Dermis - ANS-the skin layer below the epidermis containing hair follicles, connective tissue,
sweat glands, blood vessels, and lymph vessels
Hypodermis - ANS-the third skin layer made up of adipose and connective tissue
, Subcutaneous layer - ANS-the skin layer serving to insulate; technically part of the hypodermal
layer
Muscular System - ANS-The collection of the muscle fibers throughout the body with the main
function of contractability
3 muscle tissue types - ANS-Cardiac, smooth, skeletal
Smooth muscle - ANS-Involuntary muscle found in all hollow organs
Skeletal muscle - ANS-Voluntary muscle that can be trained with physical activity
Vertebrates - ANS-Animals with a vertebral column or spine
Skeletal system function - ANS-provides a framework to protect the soft organs inside the body
and protect nervous system components, including the brain and spinal cord, from damage.
Axial skeleton - ANS-made up 80 bones in the human and includes the bones of the vertical
axis of the body, such as the sternum, cranium, and vertebral column
Appendicular skeleton - ANS-Made up of 126 bones and includes the bones of the appendages
attaching to the axial skeleton
Bone Marrow - ANS-Generates stem cells and produces red blood cells
Spongy Bone - ANS-Porous and highly vascular bone near the ends of the long bones
Compact bone - ANS-dense, hard bone providing structure
Medullary cavity - ANS-The central cavity through the bone shaft storing bone marrow and is
known as the marrow cavity
Periosteum - ANS-The vascular connective tissue layer covering bones except for the surfaces
of the joints
Nervous System - ANS-allows the body to communicate with, control, and regulate the other
organ systems for proper body function
Interneurons - ANS-A neuron with its cells body, axon, and dendrites located entirely within the
CNS and helps transmit impulses between neurons
Somatic Nervous System - ANS-carries impulses to and from the skeletal muscle, through the
spinal cord, and to or from the brain, which allows the body to react to the external environment
Answers 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified
Who declared "let thy medicine be thy food, and let thy food be thy medicine". -
ANS-Hippocrates
Vitamins and their importance in health and wellness were discovered by European doctors in
the... - ANS-Early 1900s
In humans, what provides the first impression of food? - ANS-The eyes
Which of the following is one of the five categories of taste in food, corresponding to the flavor of
glutamates? - ANS-Umami
Factors affecting a person's access to food, food selections, and the way they consume foods
include: cultural, economic, and... - ANS-Religious considerations
Foods intended to be ingested under the supervision of a physician for a specific management
of a disease or condition are known as... - ANS-Medicinal foods
Which organ system is used for smelling? - ANS-Olfactory System
The consistency of a food describes its... - ANS-Firmness of thickness
The flavor of food is heavily influenced by the amount of... - ANS-Fat
Cell Membrane - ANS-The lipid bilayer enclosing human cells
Lipid Bilayer - ANS-A thin polar membrane made of pairs of lipid molecules
Phospholipids - ANS-A fatty acid inked through glycerol phosphate forming cell membranes
Hydrophilic - ANS-Water-loving; attracted to water
Hyrdophobic - ANS-Water-hating; repelled by water
,Blastocyst - ANS-A bundle of 70-100 mostly undifferentiated human cells
Tissue - ANS-Groups of cells having similar structure and acting together to perform a function
The 4 main tissue types - ANS-Endothelial, epithelial, connective, muscle
Epidermis - ANS-The outermost layer of the skin
Epithelialization - ANS-The process of replacing epithelial cells to maintain a protective barrier
Types of epithelial cells - ANS-Squamous, cuboidal, columnar
Squamous Cells - ANS-Thin, flat epithelial cells that allow molecules to easily pass through.
Cuboidal - ANS-Box-shaped epithelial cells that secrete and absorb
Columnar - ANS-Rectangular-shaped epithelial cells that secrete and absorb in basal layer
Simple Epithelial Cells - ANS-Single layer of cells
Stratified Epithelial Cells - ANS-Multiple layers of cells
Transitional Epithelium - ANS-Epithelial cells that can change shape of stretch
Glandular Epithelium - ANS-Epithelial cells secreting specific water-based fluid, often
containing proteins (breast milk, saliva, hormones)
Connective Tissue - ANS-Tissue supporting, binding, or connecting other tissues in the body
Loose connective tissue - ANS-Made of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers, and it holds
organs in place
Dense connective tissue - ANS-Made of collagen, elastin, and reticular fibers, and makes up
tendons and ligaments.
3 types of muscle tissue - ANS-skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
Skeletal Muscle - ANS-muscle fibers responsible for voluntary contraction
Smooth muscle - ANS-muscle fibers responsible for involuntary muscle contraction in the orgqn
systems
Cardiac Muscle - ANS-Muscle found only in the heart and contains branched and striated
muscle fibers
,Striated muscle fibers - ANS-muscle fibers having contractile units running parallel, appearing
striped on a microscope
Nervous tissue - ANS-The cells of the nervous system controlling body movement and body
functions
Nerve cells - ANS-the neurons transmitting nerve signals
Neurological cells - ANS-nervous tissue found largely in the CNS that forms myelin, protects
and supports neurons, and maintains homeostasis
Efferent Nerves - ANS-Neve cells carrying a signal from the brain to the body
Afferent Nerves - ANS-Nerve cells that carry a signal from the body to the brain
Central Nervous system - ANS-The brain and spinal cord
Peripheral nervous system - ANS-The nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord
11 major organ systems - ANS-Digestive
muscular
integumentary
lymphatic
endocrine
nervous
skeletal
reproductive
respiratory
urinary
circulatory
Integumentary system - ANS-Organ system protecting the body; composed of hair, skin, and
nails
3 layers of the skin - ANS-epidermis, dermis, hypodermis or subcutaneous layer
Epidermis - ANS-the external layer of skin creating a waterproof barrier and giving the skin its
physical tone
Dermis - ANS-the skin layer below the epidermis containing hair follicles, connective tissue,
sweat glands, blood vessels, and lymph vessels
Hypodermis - ANS-the third skin layer made up of adipose and connective tissue
, Subcutaneous layer - ANS-the skin layer serving to insulate; technically part of the hypodermal
layer
Muscular System - ANS-The collection of the muscle fibers throughout the body with the main
function of contractability
3 muscle tissue types - ANS-Cardiac, smooth, skeletal
Smooth muscle - ANS-Involuntary muscle found in all hollow organs
Skeletal muscle - ANS-Voluntary muscle that can be trained with physical activity
Vertebrates - ANS-Animals with a vertebral column or spine
Skeletal system function - ANS-provides a framework to protect the soft organs inside the body
and protect nervous system components, including the brain and spinal cord, from damage.
Axial skeleton - ANS-made up 80 bones in the human and includes the bones of the vertical
axis of the body, such as the sternum, cranium, and vertebral column
Appendicular skeleton - ANS-Made up of 126 bones and includes the bones of the appendages
attaching to the axial skeleton
Bone Marrow - ANS-Generates stem cells and produces red blood cells
Spongy Bone - ANS-Porous and highly vascular bone near the ends of the long bones
Compact bone - ANS-dense, hard bone providing structure
Medullary cavity - ANS-The central cavity through the bone shaft storing bone marrow and is
known as the marrow cavity
Periosteum - ANS-The vascular connective tissue layer covering bones except for the surfaces
of the joints
Nervous System - ANS-allows the body to communicate with, control, and regulate the other
organ systems for proper body function
Interneurons - ANS-A neuron with its cells body, axon, and dendrites located entirely within the
CNS and helps transmit impulses between neurons
Somatic Nervous System - ANS-carries impulses to and from the skeletal muscle, through the
spinal cord, and to or from the brain, which allows the body to react to the external environment
