Page | 1
Cogsci c100 Final Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
meditation can be effectively used to
⼀Answer:⼀ - Treat psychological disorders, including anxiety,
depression, substance abuse, eating disorders, sleep disorders, ADHD,
and conduct disorder
- Treat physical conditions, including chronic pain and cardiovascular
disease, and enhance immune system function
- Lengthen life span quite dramatically - 30% reduction in mortality
due to heart disease and 49% reduction in mortality due to cancer,
according to one 20-year study
- Slow the cognitive decline associated with "normal aging"
- Increase activity in areas of the brain associated with optimism,
empathy, attention,and emotional regulation - highly trained "super-
meditators" show activity in these regions that is off the charts
All mindfulness therapies share a common aim of cultivating an
attitude of
⼀Answer:⼀ awareness of the present moment with acceptance
experiential avoidance
⼀Answer:⼀ psychoanalytic view that it is primarily ___ that causes
distress
neuropsychological evidence that awareness/labeling of negative
emotions
, Page | 2
⼀Answer:⼀ reduces their intensity
Labeling the fear-inducing object
⼀Answer:⼀ - Reduced activity in the amygdala, the seat of fear
and other negative emotions
- Increased activity in parts of the prefrontal cortex (right
ventrolateral and medial PFC) involved in vigilance and discrimination,
relative to controls
Study on spider phobia
⼀Answer:⼀ - Those who had been assigned to labeling their
emotions had lower physiological reactivity to the spiders, as
measured by skin conductance responses
- Within the affect labeling condition, participants who verbalized a
larger number of fear and anxiety words had even fewer skin
conductance responses
being accepting and nonjudgmental is easier said than done
because of
⼀Answer:⼀ our natural human tendency to avoid painful
experiences
steps in mindfulness practice
⼀Answer:⼀ 1) focused meditation
2) mindfulness, open monitoring
Focused meditation is just
, Page | 3
⼀Answer:⼀ calmly abiding, with the object of concentration - not
obsessive glomming
- calm monkey mind
- "suchness" of experience, which produces a sense of general
"Okness"
If one has a physical condition that makes sitting uncomfortable, is
it OK to meditate while lying down or standing up?
⼀Answer:⼀ yes
Can focused meditation produce negative effects?
⼀Answer:⼀ considered a safe practice, but there are large
individual differences in how people respond to any practice, so use
good judgment and stop and seek help when necessary
Relationship between Attention and Happiness
⼀Answer:⼀ - When they were not paying attention, they were
significantly less happy
- Average American adult spends 47% of waking life not paying
attention to what they're doing
Default Mode Network (DMN)
⼀Answer:⼀ Meditators from various traditions show reduced activity
in their ___ when meditating, as well as when they are not meditating
DMN Components
, Page | 4
⼀Answer:⼀ Includes posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), medial
prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and angular gyrus
DMN active when
⼀Answer:⼀ self-referencing, recognition of emotions in others,
remembering the past, and imagining the future
ruminating about the past, worrying about the future, thinking about
what other people are thinking about you
When a thought arises, note
⼀Answer:⼀ - How it manifests in your body
- How it manifests in your energy (i.e., emotionally)
- Whether it is a positive, negative, or neutral thought
Physicalize the mind
⼀Answer:⼀ when we have a negative thought, we can actually feel
it almost as something physically pulling us off center
the insula
⼀Answer:⼀ main commonalities among various different styles of
meditation was changes in activity
of __
Insula purpose
⼀Answer:⼀ specializes in body awareness
Cogsci c100 Final Questions with Detailed
Verified Answers
meditation can be effectively used to
⼀Answer:⼀ - Treat psychological disorders, including anxiety,
depression, substance abuse, eating disorders, sleep disorders, ADHD,
and conduct disorder
- Treat physical conditions, including chronic pain and cardiovascular
disease, and enhance immune system function
- Lengthen life span quite dramatically - 30% reduction in mortality
due to heart disease and 49% reduction in mortality due to cancer,
according to one 20-year study
- Slow the cognitive decline associated with "normal aging"
- Increase activity in areas of the brain associated with optimism,
empathy, attention,and emotional regulation - highly trained "super-
meditators" show activity in these regions that is off the charts
All mindfulness therapies share a common aim of cultivating an
attitude of
⼀Answer:⼀ awareness of the present moment with acceptance
experiential avoidance
⼀Answer:⼀ psychoanalytic view that it is primarily ___ that causes
distress
neuropsychological evidence that awareness/labeling of negative
emotions
, Page | 2
⼀Answer:⼀ reduces their intensity
Labeling the fear-inducing object
⼀Answer:⼀ - Reduced activity in the amygdala, the seat of fear
and other negative emotions
- Increased activity in parts of the prefrontal cortex (right
ventrolateral and medial PFC) involved in vigilance and discrimination,
relative to controls
Study on spider phobia
⼀Answer:⼀ - Those who had been assigned to labeling their
emotions had lower physiological reactivity to the spiders, as
measured by skin conductance responses
- Within the affect labeling condition, participants who verbalized a
larger number of fear and anxiety words had even fewer skin
conductance responses
being accepting and nonjudgmental is easier said than done
because of
⼀Answer:⼀ our natural human tendency to avoid painful
experiences
steps in mindfulness practice
⼀Answer:⼀ 1) focused meditation
2) mindfulness, open monitoring
Focused meditation is just
, Page | 3
⼀Answer:⼀ calmly abiding, with the object of concentration - not
obsessive glomming
- calm monkey mind
- "suchness" of experience, which produces a sense of general
"Okness"
If one has a physical condition that makes sitting uncomfortable, is
it OK to meditate while lying down or standing up?
⼀Answer:⼀ yes
Can focused meditation produce negative effects?
⼀Answer:⼀ considered a safe practice, but there are large
individual differences in how people respond to any practice, so use
good judgment and stop and seek help when necessary
Relationship between Attention and Happiness
⼀Answer:⼀ - When they were not paying attention, they were
significantly less happy
- Average American adult spends 47% of waking life not paying
attention to what they're doing
Default Mode Network (DMN)
⼀Answer:⼀ Meditators from various traditions show reduced activity
in their ___ when meditating, as well as when they are not meditating
DMN Components
, Page | 4
⼀Answer:⼀ Includes posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), medial
prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and angular gyrus
DMN active when
⼀Answer:⼀ self-referencing, recognition of emotions in others,
remembering the past, and imagining the future
ruminating about the past, worrying about the future, thinking about
what other people are thinking about you
When a thought arises, note
⼀Answer:⼀ - How it manifests in your body
- How it manifests in your energy (i.e., emotionally)
- Whether it is a positive, negative, or neutral thought
Physicalize the mind
⼀Answer:⼀ when we have a negative thought, we can actually feel
it almost as something physically pulling us off center
the insula
⼀Answer:⼀ main commonalities among various different styles of
meditation was changes in activity
of __
Insula purpose
⼀Answer:⼀ specializes in body awareness
