Rush - Advanced Pharmacology - NSG 531 -
Exam 1 QUESTIONS WITH Detailed Answer Key
For (2025|2026) Exam, A+ Solutions
If a drug is high in lipid it may meet an aqueous solution and because it is not
solubility and it is able to highly water soluble it will need to bind to a carrier
be transported by simple protein to be transported throughout the circulation
diffusion, what will happen
once it crosses the cell
membrane?
What are the channels in channels are two groups of proteins on each side that
Channel mediated create a pore in the cell membrane
transport
, there are two groups of proteins on each side that
create a pore in the cell membrane
how does channel
there is water within the pore/channel that the water
mediated transport work?
soluble drug can go through and the protein walls of
the channel create a barrier from the lipid bilayer
-there is a carrier protein embedded in the surface of
the cell membrane that fits the drug that is trying to
pass
-you have to have a complementary fit between the
protein and the drug
How does carrier
-if it fits then it binds causing a conformation change
mediated transport work?
-the orientation of the protein flips over so that the
open side of the protein is now on the opposite side
and the drug is transported to the other side of the
cell membrane
-again a concentration gradient is needed
a change in how something is oriented
i.e. carrier-mediated transport where the protein
conformational change accepts the drug, then flips, orienting the open side
of the protein to the opposite side of the cell
membrane
what are the three types simple diffusion, channel-mediated, carrier-mediated
of passive transport
Does a lipid soluble or lipid soluble
water soluble drug get
absorbed more quickly?
-whether the drug is an acid or a base
what does solubility of a
-the pH of the environment in which the drug is
drug depend on?
located
hydrogen ion concentration
what does pH measure?
pH = -log (H+)
what happens when you it gives up its' hydrogen ion and releases it into
put an acidic drug in solution
solution?
, what happens when you it accepts a hydrogen ion sitting in solution
put a basic drug in
solution?
What is the equation for HA --><-- H+ + A-
acid?
What is the equation for BH+ --><-- B + H+
Base?
HA associated - it has its' hydrogen ion
is this acid associated or
dissociated?
HA protonated - a hydrogen ion is a positively charged
is this acid protonated or particle and the positively charged particle is bound
unprotonated? to it
H+ + A- unprotonated - no longer bound to the hydrogen ion
is this acid protonated or
unprotonated?
H+ + A- dissociated - when the acid is dissociated it picks up a
is this acid associated or charge
dissociated?
-if you take a weak base buffer and put it in a highly
acidic environment that buffer is going to pick up the
weak acids and weak excess hydrogen ions and try to minimize the change
bases are buffers, what in pH
does this mean? -if the pH gets too alkaline or high, and you add a
weak acid buffer, it will donate the hydrogen ion to try
and minimize the change in pH
if you increase the concentration of reactants in a
Law of mass action chemical reaction then you are increasing the rate of
the reaction
Exam 1 QUESTIONS WITH Detailed Answer Key
For (2025|2026) Exam, A+ Solutions
If a drug is high in lipid it may meet an aqueous solution and because it is not
solubility and it is able to highly water soluble it will need to bind to a carrier
be transported by simple protein to be transported throughout the circulation
diffusion, what will happen
once it crosses the cell
membrane?
What are the channels in channels are two groups of proteins on each side that
Channel mediated create a pore in the cell membrane
transport
, there are two groups of proteins on each side that
create a pore in the cell membrane
how does channel
there is water within the pore/channel that the water
mediated transport work?
soluble drug can go through and the protein walls of
the channel create a barrier from the lipid bilayer
-there is a carrier protein embedded in the surface of
the cell membrane that fits the drug that is trying to
pass
-you have to have a complementary fit between the
protein and the drug
How does carrier
-if it fits then it binds causing a conformation change
mediated transport work?
-the orientation of the protein flips over so that the
open side of the protein is now on the opposite side
and the drug is transported to the other side of the
cell membrane
-again a concentration gradient is needed
a change in how something is oriented
i.e. carrier-mediated transport where the protein
conformational change accepts the drug, then flips, orienting the open side
of the protein to the opposite side of the cell
membrane
what are the three types simple diffusion, channel-mediated, carrier-mediated
of passive transport
Does a lipid soluble or lipid soluble
water soluble drug get
absorbed more quickly?
-whether the drug is an acid or a base
what does solubility of a
-the pH of the environment in which the drug is
drug depend on?
located
hydrogen ion concentration
what does pH measure?
pH = -log (H+)
what happens when you it gives up its' hydrogen ion and releases it into
put an acidic drug in solution
solution?
, what happens when you it accepts a hydrogen ion sitting in solution
put a basic drug in
solution?
What is the equation for HA --><-- H+ + A-
acid?
What is the equation for BH+ --><-- B + H+
Base?
HA associated - it has its' hydrogen ion
is this acid associated or
dissociated?
HA protonated - a hydrogen ion is a positively charged
is this acid protonated or particle and the positively charged particle is bound
unprotonated? to it
H+ + A- unprotonated - no longer bound to the hydrogen ion
is this acid protonated or
unprotonated?
H+ + A- dissociated - when the acid is dissociated it picks up a
is this acid associated or charge
dissociated?
-if you take a weak base buffer and put it in a highly
acidic environment that buffer is going to pick up the
weak acids and weak excess hydrogen ions and try to minimize the change
bases are buffers, what in pH
does this mean? -if the pH gets too alkaline or high, and you add a
weak acid buffer, it will donate the hydrogen ion to try
and minimize the change in pH
if you increase the concentration of reactants in a
Law of mass action chemical reaction then you are increasing the rate of
the reaction
