Prescott's Microbiology (McGraw Hill)
A person unable to make lysozymes in their tears would be more susceptible to infection by
____________. - (correct Answer) - Gram positive bacteria
T or F: A complex C3bBb is the C3 convertase in the alternative pathway. - (correct Answer) - True
Complement is part of a group of "second line" host defenses that are nonspecific or mail'y nonspecific.
Which of this is not part of the group? - (correct Answer) - Plasma
Complement is a group of _________ found in the bloodstream. - (correct Answer) - Protein
The complement components react _______________. - (correct Answer) - In a cascade
Complement proteins are found in - (correct Answer) - Serum
The classical complement pathway is activated when: - (correct Answer) - C1 binds to the antibody in an
antigen-antibody complex.
C3 convertase cleaves C3 into: - (correct Answer) - C3a and C3b
C3b: - (correct Answer) - binds to both the surface of microorganisms and receptors on the surface of
phagocytes
Both the classical and alternative complement pathways create: - (correct Answer) - C3 convertase
The membrane attack complex kills cells by - (correct Answer) - creating holes in plasma cell membranes
The three primary finctions of the complement activation are: - (correct Answer) - -enhancing
phagocytosis
-causing inflammation
-killing target cells
Phagocytes are attracted by all except: - (correct Answer) - lysosomes
In phagocytosis the digested components are eliminated by: - (correct Answer) - Exocytosis
A Lysome: - (correct Answer) - contains lysozyme and proteases that digest bacteria
T or F: Complement factor C3b coats a bacterium and binds to C3b receptors on phagocytes, making the
bacterium more susceptible to being phagocytized. - (correct Answer) - True
T or F: A phagosome containing the engulfed bacteria combines with a lysosome containing enzyme to
produce a phagolysosome - (correct Answer) - True
Innate (nonspecific) chemical defenses of the human host include all of the following except - (correct
Answer) - Antibodies
2nd line of defense: - (correct Answer) - phagocytosis
, T or F: Some hosts are genetically immune to the diseases of the host: - (correct Answer) - True
3rd line of defense: - (correct Answer) - B-cells
Neutrophil - (correct Answer) - principal phagocytic responder in blood
Eosinophil - (correct Answer) - important in defense against protazoan and helminth parasites
Dendritic cell - (correct Answer) - present antigens to lymphocytes
Mast cell - (correct Answer) - vasoactive mediator
macrophage - (correct Answer) - the largest phagocytic cell in the body
basophol - (correct Answer) - a granulocyte that contains histamine
monocyte - (correct Answer) - matures into macrophage
Blood cell development occurs in the bone marrow of mammals during the process of: - (correct
Answer) - Hematopoesis
Substances that are recognized as foreign and prevoke immune responses are called - (correct Answer) -
antigens
Macrophage: (characteristics) - (correct Answer) - -derived from monocytes
-have receptors from compounds released by the immune system that coats microorganisms and
enhance phagocytosis
-spread throughout the body of animals and take up residence in specific tissues.
Which of the following release histamines? - (correct Answer) - mast cells and basophiles
lymphocytes are comprised of which of the following cell types: - (correct Answer) - - T-cells
- B-cells
natural killer cells
Macrophages are derived from - (correct Answer) - monocytes
A mature activated B cell is called: - (correct Answer) - Plasma cell
Natural killer cells specifically can kill which of the following cells: - (correct Answer) - Tumor cells and
cells infected with microorganisms
T or F: T-cells undergo maturation in the bone marrow: - (correct Answer) - False. They mature in the
thymus gland
T or F: The innate response resists a particular foreign agent; moreover, innate immune responses
improve on repeated exposure to the agent. - (correct Answer) - False
Which of the following is a physical barrier in the nonspecific defense of a mammalian host? - (correct
A person unable to make lysozymes in their tears would be more susceptible to infection by
____________. - (correct Answer) - Gram positive bacteria
T or F: A complex C3bBb is the C3 convertase in the alternative pathway. - (correct Answer) - True
Complement is part of a group of "second line" host defenses that are nonspecific or mail'y nonspecific.
Which of this is not part of the group? - (correct Answer) - Plasma
Complement is a group of _________ found in the bloodstream. - (correct Answer) - Protein
The complement components react _______________. - (correct Answer) - In a cascade
Complement proteins are found in - (correct Answer) - Serum
The classical complement pathway is activated when: - (correct Answer) - C1 binds to the antibody in an
antigen-antibody complex.
C3 convertase cleaves C3 into: - (correct Answer) - C3a and C3b
C3b: - (correct Answer) - binds to both the surface of microorganisms and receptors on the surface of
phagocytes
Both the classical and alternative complement pathways create: - (correct Answer) - C3 convertase
The membrane attack complex kills cells by - (correct Answer) - creating holes in plasma cell membranes
The three primary finctions of the complement activation are: - (correct Answer) - -enhancing
phagocytosis
-causing inflammation
-killing target cells
Phagocytes are attracted by all except: - (correct Answer) - lysosomes
In phagocytosis the digested components are eliminated by: - (correct Answer) - Exocytosis
A Lysome: - (correct Answer) - contains lysozyme and proteases that digest bacteria
T or F: Complement factor C3b coats a bacterium and binds to C3b receptors on phagocytes, making the
bacterium more susceptible to being phagocytized. - (correct Answer) - True
T or F: A phagosome containing the engulfed bacteria combines with a lysosome containing enzyme to
produce a phagolysosome - (correct Answer) - True
Innate (nonspecific) chemical defenses of the human host include all of the following except - (correct
Answer) - Antibodies
2nd line of defense: - (correct Answer) - phagocytosis
, T or F: Some hosts are genetically immune to the diseases of the host: - (correct Answer) - True
3rd line of defense: - (correct Answer) - B-cells
Neutrophil - (correct Answer) - principal phagocytic responder in blood
Eosinophil - (correct Answer) - important in defense against protazoan and helminth parasites
Dendritic cell - (correct Answer) - present antigens to lymphocytes
Mast cell - (correct Answer) - vasoactive mediator
macrophage - (correct Answer) - the largest phagocytic cell in the body
basophol - (correct Answer) - a granulocyte that contains histamine
monocyte - (correct Answer) - matures into macrophage
Blood cell development occurs in the bone marrow of mammals during the process of: - (correct
Answer) - Hematopoesis
Substances that are recognized as foreign and prevoke immune responses are called - (correct Answer) -
antigens
Macrophage: (characteristics) - (correct Answer) - -derived from monocytes
-have receptors from compounds released by the immune system that coats microorganisms and
enhance phagocytosis
-spread throughout the body of animals and take up residence in specific tissues.
Which of the following release histamines? - (correct Answer) - mast cells and basophiles
lymphocytes are comprised of which of the following cell types: - (correct Answer) - - T-cells
- B-cells
natural killer cells
Macrophages are derived from - (correct Answer) - monocytes
A mature activated B cell is called: - (correct Answer) - Plasma cell
Natural killer cells specifically can kill which of the following cells: - (correct Answer) - Tumor cells and
cells infected with microorganisms
T or F: T-cells undergo maturation in the bone marrow: - (correct Answer) - False. They mature in the
thymus gland
T or F: The innate response resists a particular foreign agent; moreover, innate immune responses
improve on repeated exposure to the agent. - (correct Answer) - False
Which of the following is a physical barrier in the nonspecific defense of a mammalian host? - (correct
