D027 Practice Exam # 2 questions
1. 1.During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema?
Vasodilation of blood vessels
Emigration of neutrophils
Endothelial cell expansion
Increased capillary permeability: Increased capillary permeability. The increased
flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation induced edema
2. 2.A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due
to him "feeling well without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated
blood sugar. What electrolyte should be assessed FIRST?: Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
ANS: Potassium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium,
phosphate, and magnesium. Without insulin, potassium does not get transported
to the intracellular environment and the serum potassium will rise.
3. 3.A 46-year-old women is considering having another child. The
healthcare providers are explaining to the woman that children born to
women late in life have an increase rate in having children with which
condition.: Kawasaki's disease
Down syndrome
Down syndrome risk increases with Maternal age.
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
4. 4.A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type
2 diabetes. The healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight,
explaining that obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes
mellitus because it causes what?: Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
, D027 Practice Exam # 2 questions
Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity
causes this resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not
lead to reduced insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of
glucose production.
Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
Stimulation of glucose production by the liver
5. 5.When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the
APRN looks for evidence of:: Lipid abnormality
Insulin resistance
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Clotting disorders
6. 6.On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection
fraction of 15% and a pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function
tests, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesema are seen on lab results. Blood
pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is 110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm,
respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on room air. Initial therapy
should include all of the following except:: Diuretic
ACE Inhibitor
Digoxin
Beta Blocker
7. 7.A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a
myocardial infarction (MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative.
What action by the healthcare professional is best?: Administer thrombolytic
therapy.
, D027 Practice Exam # 2 questions
Discharge the patient.
Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1
(cTnI), cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial
result is normal, the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to
24 hours. It is not known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with
thrombolytic therapy and/or catheterization would be premature. The patient
should not be discharged since the professional suspected an MI.
Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization.
8. 8.Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated
levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?: Being treated for small cell
carcinoma of the stomach
Taking high dose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for arthritis
Had a hip replacement operation 14 days ago
Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes
9. 9.A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural
infusion of Astramorph. The patients respiratory rate starts to decline to 9
breaths/minute. Which medication should the healthcare provider anticipate
administering to this patient?
Protamine sulfate
Mucomyst
Naloxone
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effect of both adverse
and therapeutic use of opioid narcotic analgesics.
1. 1.During the body's inflammatory process, what causes edema?
Vasodilation of blood vessels
Emigration of neutrophils
Endothelial cell expansion
Increased capillary permeability: Increased capillary permeability. The increased
flow and capillary permeability result in a leakage of plasma from the vessels
causing swelling (edema) in the surrounding tissue and is solely responsible for
inflammation induced edema
2. 2.A 56-year-old diabetic patient has not taken his insulin in 4 days due
to him "feeling well without it". He is admitted to the ED with an elevated
blood sugar. What electrolyte should be assessed FIRST?: Calcium
Sodium
Potassium
Chloride
ANS: Potassium. Insulin facilitates the intracellular transport of potassium,
phosphate, and magnesium. Without insulin, potassium does not get transported
to the intracellular environment and the serum potassium will rise.
3. 3.A 46-year-old women is considering having another child. The
healthcare providers are explaining to the woman that children born to
women late in life have an increase rate in having children with which
condition.: Kawasaki's disease
Down syndrome
Down syndrome risk increases with Maternal age.
Klinefelter syndrome
Turner syndrome
4. 4.A patient with several risk factors is concerned about developing type
2 diabetes. The healthcare professional advises the patient to lose weight,
explaining that obesity is an important risk factor for type 2 diabetes
mellitus because it causes what?: Reduced insulin production by the pancreas
, D027 Practice Exam # 2 questions
Increased resistance to insulin in the cells
People with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffer from insulin resistance. Obesity
causes this resistance so their cells have difficulty using insulin. Obesity does not
lead to reduced insulin production, obstructed insulin outflow, or stimulation of
glucose production.
Obstructed outflow of insulin from the pancreas
Stimulation of glucose production by the liver
5. 5.When evaluating a patient for hypertensive target organ damage, the
APRN looks for evidence of:: Lipid abnormality
Insulin resistance
Left ventricular hypertrophy
Clotting disorders
6. 6.On ultrasound a patient had 4-chamber dilation with an ejection
fraction of 15% and a pleural effusion on chest x-ray. Elevated liver function
tests, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesema are seen on lab results. Blood
pressure is 115/60 and heart rate is 110 bpm with regular rate and rhythm,
respiratory rate 30 bpm and O2 saturation is 88% on room air. Initial therapy
should include all of the following except:: Diuretic
ACE Inhibitor
Digoxin
Beta Blocker
7. 7.A patient in the emergency department is suspected of having a
myocardial infarction (MI). The initial cardiac troponin 1 level was negative.
What action by the healthcare professional is best?: Administer thrombolytic
therapy.
, D027 Practice Exam # 2 questions
Discharge the patient.
Schedule repeat troponin within a few hours.
Several cardiac biomarkers exist including the most specific, cardiac troponin 1
(cTnI), cTnI begins to rise within 2 to 4 hours after cardiac injury, so if the initial
result is normal, the test should be repeated within 6 to 9 hours and again at 12 to
24 hours. It is not known yet if the patient has had an MI so treatment with
thrombolytic therapy and/or catheterization would be premature. The patient
should not be discharged since the professional suspected an MI.
Prepare the patient for cardiac catheterization.
8. 8.Which patient would the healthcare professional assess for elevated
levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion?: Being treated for small cell
carcinoma of the stomach
Taking high dose acetaminophen (Tylenol) for arthritis
Had a hip replacement operation 14 days ago
Has long-standing kidney disease from diabetes
9. 9.A post-operative patient with gallbladder surgery has an epidural
infusion of Astramorph. The patients respiratory rate starts to decline to 9
breaths/minute. Which medication should the healthcare provider anticipate
administering to this patient?
Protamine sulfate
Mucomyst
Naloxone
Naloxone is a narcotic antagonist that can reverse the effect of both adverse
and therapeutic use of opioid narcotic analgesics.
