NUR 115: Fluid And Electrolytes UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Basic Principles of Fluid and Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER - *Body fluids and
electrolytes are essential for body functioning.
*The body is constantly striving to maintain the proper balance of fluid and electrolytes.
Functions of Body Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - *Medium for transport and exchange of
nutrients/other substances.
*Medium for metabolic reactions/used in the body as solvent.
*Assist in regulating body temp through evaporation or perspiration.
*Provides structure and form to body through turgor it provides for tissues; acts as shock
absorber.
*Provides insulation
*Acts as lubricant; bathes body cells
*Solute is dissolved in Solvent.
Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments - CORRECT ANSWER - *Major constituent of
body fluid in water.
* % of body fluid varies with age, body fat, sex.
-Age: Proportion of fluid decrease with age.
-Body fat: Essentially no fluid in body fat.
-Sex: Males greater % of body fluid than females.
*Adult is 60% fluid. Infant is 70-80% fluid.
*lean muscle= more water
*Fat cells= little water
*As age and lose muscle mass, then increase fat cells and decrease fluid.
,ECF - CORRECT ANSWER - Intravascular (Blood vessels) 3 Liters & Interstitial Fluid
(Surrounds cells)/Includes Lymph. 12 Liters. 1/4 or 20% of weight.
ICF - CORRECT ANSWER - Inside cells. 25 Liters. 40% of weight or 3/4
Extracellular Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - * Intravascular fluid
* Interstitial fluid
*Transcellular fluid
- Cerebrospinal
- Pericardial
- Synovial
- Pleural
- Digestive Secretions
- Urine
- Perspiration
- Peritoneal
- Transcellular spaces
First Spacing - CORRECT ANSWER - All fluid is where supposed to be. No extra.
Normal.
Second Spacing - CORRECT ANSWER - Excess ISF. Pitting Edema. Potential to go back
to 1st.
Third Spacing - CORRECT ANSWER - Fluid accumulation in areas that normally have
minimal or no fluid. Ascites. Difficult to be reabsorbed. Malnourished. Liver Failure. CHF. Loss
of albumin (protein).
Causes of Edema - CORRECT ANSWER - * Increased capillary membrane permeability
, * Increased hydrostatic capillary pressure
* Lymphatic obstruction
* Decrease plasma Oncotic pressure.
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Fluid always goes from low concentration to low
concentration.
Oncotic Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Albumin causes this. Pulls fluid back into
blood vessels.
Hydrostatic Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Drives fluid out of capillary system.
Increased Capillary Membrane Permeability - CORRECT ANSWER - Gaps widen so
more gets out. WBC to go to work on problem. Inflammation and immune response. Trauma,
cancer, injury, allergic reaction, burns. Interstitium.
Interstitium - CORRECT ANSWER - Connective tissue around cells/vessels. Holds
everything together.
Decrease Plasma Oncotic Pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER - Fluid is not getting pulled
back into capillary system. Staying in ISF. Cause is protein malnutrition, don't have enough
albumin (protein), liver problem, nutrition problem.
Increased Hydrostatic Capillary Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Drives too much fluid
out of capillary system. High BP. Venous Obstruction. Standing for long period of time. Retain a
lot of salt water. Swelling in pregnancy.
Lymphatic Obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER - Caused by removed lymph nodes.
Amounts of Fluids - CORRECT ANSWER - [Adult Male]
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Basic Principles of Fluid and Electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER - *Body fluids and
electrolytes are essential for body functioning.
*The body is constantly striving to maintain the proper balance of fluid and electrolytes.
Functions of Body Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - *Medium for transport and exchange of
nutrients/other substances.
*Medium for metabolic reactions/used in the body as solvent.
*Assist in regulating body temp through evaporation or perspiration.
*Provides structure and form to body through turgor it provides for tissues; acts as shock
absorber.
*Provides insulation
*Acts as lubricant; bathes body cells
*Solute is dissolved in Solvent.
Body Fluids and Fluid Compartments - CORRECT ANSWER - *Major constituent of
body fluid in water.
* % of body fluid varies with age, body fat, sex.
-Age: Proportion of fluid decrease with age.
-Body fat: Essentially no fluid in body fat.
-Sex: Males greater % of body fluid than females.
*Adult is 60% fluid. Infant is 70-80% fluid.
*lean muscle= more water
*Fat cells= little water
*As age and lose muscle mass, then increase fat cells and decrease fluid.
,ECF - CORRECT ANSWER - Intravascular (Blood vessels) 3 Liters & Interstitial Fluid
(Surrounds cells)/Includes Lymph. 12 Liters. 1/4 or 20% of weight.
ICF - CORRECT ANSWER - Inside cells. 25 Liters. 40% of weight or 3/4
Extracellular Fluid - CORRECT ANSWER - * Intravascular fluid
* Interstitial fluid
*Transcellular fluid
- Cerebrospinal
- Pericardial
- Synovial
- Pleural
- Digestive Secretions
- Urine
- Perspiration
- Peritoneal
- Transcellular spaces
First Spacing - CORRECT ANSWER - All fluid is where supposed to be. No extra.
Normal.
Second Spacing - CORRECT ANSWER - Excess ISF. Pitting Edema. Potential to go back
to 1st.
Third Spacing - CORRECT ANSWER - Fluid accumulation in areas that normally have
minimal or no fluid. Ascites. Difficult to be reabsorbed. Malnourished. Liver Failure. CHF. Loss
of albumin (protein).
Causes of Edema - CORRECT ANSWER - * Increased capillary membrane permeability
, * Increased hydrostatic capillary pressure
* Lymphatic obstruction
* Decrease plasma Oncotic pressure.
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWER - Fluid always goes from low concentration to low
concentration.
Oncotic Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Albumin causes this. Pulls fluid back into
blood vessels.
Hydrostatic Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Drives fluid out of capillary system.
Increased Capillary Membrane Permeability - CORRECT ANSWER - Gaps widen so
more gets out. WBC to go to work on problem. Inflammation and immune response. Trauma,
cancer, injury, allergic reaction, burns. Interstitium.
Interstitium - CORRECT ANSWER - Connective tissue around cells/vessels. Holds
everything together.
Decrease Plasma Oncotic Pressure. - CORRECT ANSWER - Fluid is not getting pulled
back into capillary system. Staying in ISF. Cause is protein malnutrition, don't have enough
albumin (protein), liver problem, nutrition problem.
Increased Hydrostatic Capillary Pressure - CORRECT ANSWER - Drives too much fluid
out of capillary system. High BP. Venous Obstruction. Standing for long period of time. Retain a
lot of salt water. Swelling in pregnancy.
Lymphatic Obstruction - CORRECT ANSWER - Caused by removed lymph nodes.
Amounts of Fluids - CORRECT ANSWER - [Adult Male]
