8/10/25, 10:01
AM
HURST REVIEW: CARDIAC EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++
2025/2026
Terms in this set (283)
Preload the amount of blood returning to the right side
of the heart and the muscle stretch that the
volume causes. ANP is released when we
have this stretch
Afterload the pressure in the aorta and peripheral arteries
that the left ventricle has to pump against to
get the blood out
The pressure during resistance
afterload is referred to
as
With hypertension there's resistance; left ventricle
even more
_______________ for the______to
pump against
Hypertension can HF; pulmonary edema; high afterload decreases
eventually lead to CO and decreases forward flow; it wears your
_______________ and____, because heart out
1/
13
, 8/10/25, 10:01
AM
___________________. Plus,
_________________
Stroke volume the amount of blood pumped out of the ventricles with
each beat
CO = ______ X _______ HR; SV
Tissue perfusion is an adequate CO
dependent on
Cardiac output changes body's demands (needs)
according to the
1. HR and certain arrhythmias
Factors that affect CO 2. Blood volume
3. Decreased contractility
Less volume = less CO
More volume = more CO
-MI
What can cause -medication
decreased contractility? -cardiac muscle disease
Medications that affect 1. diuretics (furosemide)
preload 2. nitrates (nitroglycerin)
1. ACE inhibitors (enalapril, fosinopril, captopril)
2. ARBS (losartan, irbesartan)
Medications that affect 3. Hydralazine
afterload
4. Nitrates
Medications that improve inotropes (dopamine, dobutamine, milrinone)
contractility
1. Beta blockers
(propanolol, metoprolol,
2/
13
AM
HURST REVIEW: CARDIAC EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED LATEST UPDATE GRADED A++
2025/2026
Terms in this set (283)
Preload the amount of blood returning to the right side
of the heart and the muscle stretch that the
volume causes. ANP is released when we
have this stretch
Afterload the pressure in the aorta and peripheral arteries
that the left ventricle has to pump against to
get the blood out
The pressure during resistance
afterload is referred to
as
With hypertension there's resistance; left ventricle
even more
_______________ for the______to
pump against
Hypertension can HF; pulmonary edema; high afterload decreases
eventually lead to CO and decreases forward flow; it wears your
_______________ and____, because heart out
1/
13
, 8/10/25, 10:01
AM
___________________. Plus,
_________________
Stroke volume the amount of blood pumped out of the ventricles with
each beat
CO = ______ X _______ HR; SV
Tissue perfusion is an adequate CO
dependent on
Cardiac output changes body's demands (needs)
according to the
1. HR and certain arrhythmias
Factors that affect CO 2. Blood volume
3. Decreased contractility
Less volume = less CO
More volume = more CO
-MI
What can cause -medication
decreased contractility? -cardiac muscle disease
Medications that affect 1. diuretics (furosemide)
preload 2. nitrates (nitroglycerin)
1. ACE inhibitors (enalapril, fosinopril, captopril)
2. ARBS (losartan, irbesartan)
Medications that affect 3. Hydralazine
afterload
4. Nitrates
Medications that improve inotropes (dopamine, dobutamine, milrinone)
contractility
1. Beta blockers
(propanolol, metoprolol,
2/
13
