Philippine Nursing Licensure Exam (PNLE)
Reviewer 2025/2026 | 150+ Latest Practice
Questions with Answers & Detailed Rationales |
Complete Study Guide for Nursing Board Exam
Preparation & NLE Success
Question 1
What is the primary treatment for chronic heart failure?
A) Diuretics only
B) Lifestyle changes only
C) A combination of medications
D) Surgery
Answer: C) A combination of medications
Rationale: The management of chronic heart failure typically involves multiple
medications to improve symptoms and outcomes.
Question 2
Which of the following is the first step in the nursing process?
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Implementation
Answer: A) Assessment
Rationale: The nursing process begins with assessment, which involves collecting
comprehensive data about the patient’s health status.
Question 3
What is the normal range for adult blood pressure?
A) 90/60 mmHg
B) 100/70 mmHg
C) 120/80 mmHg
D) 140/90 mmHg
Answer: C) 120/80 mmHg
Rationale: A normal blood pressure reading for adults is typically around 120/80
mmHg.
Question 4
,Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid medications?
A) Increased appetite
B) Hypertension
C) Constipation
D) Diarrhea
Answer: C) Constipation
Rationale: Opioids frequently cause constipation due to their effect on the
gastrointestinal tract.
Question 5
What is the primary goal of palliative care?
A) To cure the disease
B) To relieve symptoms and improve quality of life
C) To prolong life at all costs
D) To limit medical interventions
Answer: B) To relieve symptoms and improve quality of life
Rationale: Palliative care focuses on providing relief from symptoms and stress of
serious illnesses, enhancing quality of life.
Question 6
What is the most appropriate action for a nurse when a patient begins to exhibit signs of
anaphylaxis?
A) Administer oral antihistamines
B) Administer epinephrine immediately
C) Apply a cold compress
D) Encourage the patient to lie down
Answer: B) Administer epinephrine immediately
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions and should
be given promptly.
Question 7
Which laboratory test is most commonly used to assess kidney function?
A) Complete blood count (CBC)
B) Liver function tests
C) Serum creatinine
D) Blood glucose level
,Answer: C) Serum creatinine
Rationale: Serum creatinine levels are an important indicator of kidney function and
health.
Question 8
What is the primary purpose of patient education in nursing?
A) To limit patient autonomy
B) To focus only on medications
C) To empower patients to manage their health
D) To dictate treatment plans
Answer: C) To empower patients to manage their health
Rationale: Patient education enhances understanding and promotes active
participation in health management.
Question 9
Which of the following is a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with respiratory
distress?
A) Impaired gas exchange
B) Risk for falls
C) Ineffective coping
D) Knowledge deficit
Answer: A) Impaired gas exchange
Rationale: Impaired gas exchange directly affects oxygenation and requires immediate
intervention.
Question 10
What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assess?
A) Blood pressure
B) Respiratory function
C) Level of consciousness
D) Pain levels
Answer: C) Level of consciousness
Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale evaluates a patient's level of consciousness
based on verbal, motor, and eye-opening responses.
Question 11
, Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of
infection?
A) Wearing gloves
B) Using antiseptics
C) Hand hygiene
D) Wearing masks
Answer: C) Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of
infections in healthcare settings.
Question 12
What is the primary focus of nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus?
A) Managing blood pressure
B) Controlling blood glucose levels
C) Promoting weight gain
D) Reducing cholesterol levels
Answer: B) Controlling blood glucose levels
Rationale: The main goal in diabetes management is to maintain optimal blood glucose
levels to prevent complications.
Question 13
What is the most common route for administering medications in infants?
A) Oral
B) Intramuscular
C) Subcutaneous
D) Topical
Answer: C) Subcutaneous
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections are often preferred in infants due to their ease of
administration and comfort.
Question 14
Which nursing intervention is essential for a patient receiving anticoagulation therapy?
A) Limiting hydration
B) Monitoring for signs of bleeding
C) Encouraging mobility
D) Providing high-protein meals
Reviewer 2025/2026 | 150+ Latest Practice
Questions with Answers & Detailed Rationales |
Complete Study Guide for Nursing Board Exam
Preparation & NLE Success
Question 1
What is the primary treatment for chronic heart failure?
A) Diuretics only
B) Lifestyle changes only
C) A combination of medications
D) Surgery
Answer: C) A combination of medications
Rationale: The management of chronic heart failure typically involves multiple
medications to improve symptoms and outcomes.
Question 2
Which of the following is the first step in the nursing process?
A) Assessment
B) Diagnosis
C) Planning
D) Implementation
Answer: A) Assessment
Rationale: The nursing process begins with assessment, which involves collecting
comprehensive data about the patient’s health status.
Question 3
What is the normal range for adult blood pressure?
A) 90/60 mmHg
B) 100/70 mmHg
C) 120/80 mmHg
D) 140/90 mmHg
Answer: C) 120/80 mmHg
Rationale: A normal blood pressure reading for adults is typically around 120/80
mmHg.
Question 4
,Which of the following is a common side effect of opioid medications?
A) Increased appetite
B) Hypertension
C) Constipation
D) Diarrhea
Answer: C) Constipation
Rationale: Opioids frequently cause constipation due to their effect on the
gastrointestinal tract.
Question 5
What is the primary goal of palliative care?
A) To cure the disease
B) To relieve symptoms and improve quality of life
C) To prolong life at all costs
D) To limit medical interventions
Answer: B) To relieve symptoms and improve quality of life
Rationale: Palliative care focuses on providing relief from symptoms and stress of
serious illnesses, enhancing quality of life.
Question 6
What is the most appropriate action for a nurse when a patient begins to exhibit signs of
anaphylaxis?
A) Administer oral antihistamines
B) Administer epinephrine immediately
C) Apply a cold compress
D) Encourage the patient to lie down
Answer: B) Administer epinephrine immediately
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions and should
be given promptly.
Question 7
Which laboratory test is most commonly used to assess kidney function?
A) Complete blood count (CBC)
B) Liver function tests
C) Serum creatinine
D) Blood glucose level
,Answer: C) Serum creatinine
Rationale: Serum creatinine levels are an important indicator of kidney function and
health.
Question 8
What is the primary purpose of patient education in nursing?
A) To limit patient autonomy
B) To focus only on medications
C) To empower patients to manage their health
D) To dictate treatment plans
Answer: C) To empower patients to manage their health
Rationale: Patient education enhances understanding and promotes active
participation in health management.
Question 9
Which of the following is a priority nursing diagnosis for a patient with respiratory
distress?
A) Impaired gas exchange
B) Risk for falls
C) Ineffective coping
D) Knowledge deficit
Answer: A) Impaired gas exchange
Rationale: Impaired gas exchange directly affects oxygenation and requires immediate
intervention.
Question 10
What does the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) assess?
A) Blood pressure
B) Respiratory function
C) Level of consciousness
D) Pain levels
Answer: C) Level of consciousness
Rationale: The Glasgow Coma Scale evaluates a patient's level of consciousness
based on verbal, motor, and eye-opening responses.
Question 11
, Which of the following is the most effective method for preventing the spread of
infection?
A) Wearing gloves
B) Using antiseptics
C) Hand hygiene
D) Wearing masks
Answer: C) Hand hygiene
Rationale: Proper hand hygiene is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of
infections in healthcare settings.
Question 12
What is the primary focus of nursing care for a patient with diabetes mellitus?
A) Managing blood pressure
B) Controlling blood glucose levels
C) Promoting weight gain
D) Reducing cholesterol levels
Answer: B) Controlling blood glucose levels
Rationale: The main goal in diabetes management is to maintain optimal blood glucose
levels to prevent complications.
Question 13
What is the most common route for administering medications in infants?
A) Oral
B) Intramuscular
C) Subcutaneous
D) Topical
Answer: C) Subcutaneous
Rationale: Subcutaneous injections are often preferred in infants due to their ease of
administration and comfort.
Question 14
Which nursing intervention is essential for a patient receiving anticoagulation therapy?
A) Limiting hydration
B) Monitoring for signs of bleeding
C) Encouraging mobility
D) Providing high-protein meals
