Plant Kingdom - NEET-Oriented Notes (Class 11)
1. Algae:
- Chlorophyceae: Green algae, chlorophyll a & b, starch stored in pyrenoids.
- Phaeophyceae: Brown algae, chlorophyll a & c, laminarin & mannitol storage.
- Rhodophyceae: Red algae, chlorophyll a & d, floridean starch.
- Important genera: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Laminaria, Porphyra.
2. Bryophytes:
- Non-vascular, terrestrial plants requiring water for fertilization.
- Dominant gametophyte generation.
- Liverworts: Riccia, Marchantia.
- Mosses: Funaria, Polytrichum.
3. Pteridophytes:
- First vascular cryptogams (xylem and phloem).
- Dominant sporophyte, independent gametophyte.
- Reproduce by spores.
- Examples: Selaginella (heterosporous), Equisetum, Ferns.
4. Gymnosperms:
- Naked seeded plants, do not produce flowers.
- Dominant sporophyte; heterosporous.
- Male & female cones present.
- Examples: Cycas (motile sperms), Pinus, Ginkgo.
1. Algae:
- Chlorophyceae: Green algae, chlorophyll a & b, starch stored in pyrenoids.
- Phaeophyceae: Brown algae, chlorophyll a & c, laminarin & mannitol storage.
- Rhodophyceae: Red algae, chlorophyll a & d, floridean starch.
- Important genera: Chlamydomonas, Volvox, Ulothrix, Spirogyra, Laminaria, Porphyra.
2. Bryophytes:
- Non-vascular, terrestrial plants requiring water for fertilization.
- Dominant gametophyte generation.
- Liverworts: Riccia, Marchantia.
- Mosses: Funaria, Polytrichum.
3. Pteridophytes:
- First vascular cryptogams (xylem and phloem).
- Dominant sporophyte, independent gametophyte.
- Reproduce by spores.
- Examples: Selaginella (heterosporous), Equisetum, Ferns.
4. Gymnosperms:
- Naked seeded plants, do not produce flowers.
- Dominant sporophyte; heterosporous.
- Male & female cones present.
- Examples: Cycas (motile sperms), Pinus, Ginkgo.
