CNML & NE-BC EXAM (2025) QUESTIONS AND (elaborated) WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
Define Autocratic Leadership. - ✔✔ Autocratic leadership is one person in charge who
makes all or most of the decisions. It is generally not regarded as an effective approach
because it does not leave the workers feeling like they have a voice in decisions and
generally the leader does not have all the answers. There are situations where autocratic
leadership is effective such as a crisis or emergency, where timely decisions need to be
made.
Define Leadership. - ✔✔ Leadership is the art and science of providing direction,
inspiration, and goals to a team by providing vision, guidance, and holding them
accountable for outcomes
Define Management. - ✔✔ Management and leadership are terms that are often used
interchangeably, however management is differentiated as tending to specific tasks such
as the budget, staffing, policies, procedures, and supplies. It is often said, you lead people
and manage things. See transactional leadership.
Define prospective payments. - ✔✔ Prospective payments are rates agreed upon in
advance by insurance companies and the hospital.
Describe Behavioral Interviewing. - ✔✔ Behavioral interviewing is a process of asking a
set of structured questions based on how the candidate handled situations in the past,
rather than asking hypothetical questions about the future. It is based on the assumption
that past performance is a good indicator of future performance. An example would be:
"Tell me about a time when you were forced to deal with a confrontational co-worker.
How did you approach the situation?"
Describe Circle of Influence. - ✔✔ Covey (1990) suggested our lives are covered by two
circles: a larger circle of everything your could possibly be concerned about, and a smaller
inner circle of things you can influence. He suggested that when we focus on things and
people we can influence our circle of influence gets larger. Focusing on your circle of
concern can lead to frustration, as these are things you cannot influence. Focusing on your
circle of concern can also reduce your circle of influence as you are not paying attention to
things and people you can influence.
,Describe the advanced beginner stage in the Benner (1984) model. - ✔✔ An advanced
beginner is starting to incorporate principles with experience, but is still more task
oriented and conceptual.
Explain fixed costs. - ✔✔ Fixed costs remain the same no matter how many patients are
cared for. They do not increase or decrease based on the patient volume, funding, or
number of staff hired. Examples include the costs to run the unit, like electricity,
housekeeping, telephones, unit clerks, and the nurse manager. You need to pay for the
electricity whether you have five patients or a 100.
Explain Per Diem. - ✔✔ Per diem are set rates of payment by the insurance company per
day of admission in the hospital
How are FTE's calculated? - ✔✔ FTE refers to the number of hours worked that add up to
one full-time employee. FTE's are calculated by taking the total number of nursing hours
of care required or worked in a year divided by 2080 hours (the number of hours worked
in 52 weeks at 8 hours per day, 40 hours/week)
How do most state's program for impaired nurses work? - ✔✔ Most impaired nurse
programs allow a nurse to receive rehabilitation, without losing their license if they admit
they have a substance abuse problem
How do most states program for impaired nurses work? - ✔✔ Most impaired nurse
programs allow a nurse to receive rehabilitation, without losing their license if they admit
they have a substance abuse problem.
How do you calculate the FTE's needed for a unit? - ✔✔ you calculate it by taking the
annual hours of nursing care needed based on the average daily census times the hours of
nursing care per patient day divided by 365 days per year
How do you calculate workload/day? - ✔✔ The workload per day is calculated by taking
the total annual workload and dividing it by 365 days and 24 hours of work per day.
How do you factor in the previous budget experience when preparing next year's budget. -
✔✔ The previous year is factored into a budget by looking at the current years expenses
, to date, divided by how many months have passed to figure out a per month expense.
Multiply by 12 and add an inflation factor for the following year based on information
about what you expect to happen with patient volumes
How do you learn to be a leader? - ✔✔ The best way is to work with a mentor to develop
a personal growth plan that uses textbooks, evidence based leadership literature, attend
leadership workshops and apply learning to action learning experiences such as working
as a charge nurse, observing good leaders, and attending graduate school as a leadership
major.
How does the Joint Commission consider staffing standards - ✔✔ The Joint Commission
does not set staffing standards. They want to see that the organization has a process for
assuring quality of care, providing for patient safety, and making sure nurses are not
overworked so they can provide safe care. The Joint Commission looks at how the
organization meets its own (the organizations) established staffing standards.
How is ADC calculated? - ✔✔ calculated by dividing the total patient days for the year by
365.
How is equal penalty defined in terms of employee discipline? - ✔✔ A reasonable penalty
means the discipline is logical considering the seriousness of the offense and the past
record of the employee. An employee with consistently good evaluations and conduct
should receive less harsh discipline than an employee who has consistency had
performance issues. Likewise, rules of conduct should exist that provide guidelines for
discipline consistent with severity of the situation and impact on patients,
coworkers,safety and operation of the organization.
How is the Occupancy Rate calculated? - ✔✔ Average Daily Census (ADC)/Beds in Service
How is the replacement factor calculated? - ✔✔ it's calculated by calculating the amount
of benefit time and adding it to the FTE's needed.
How is the Turnover Rate calculated? - ✔✔ The Turnover Rate is calculated by: the
number of vacant positions over the number of positions available for a set period of time
Define Autocratic Leadership. - ✔✔ Autocratic leadership is one person in charge who
makes all or most of the decisions. It is generally not regarded as an effective approach
because it does not leave the workers feeling like they have a voice in decisions and
generally the leader does not have all the answers. There are situations where autocratic
leadership is effective such as a crisis or emergency, where timely decisions need to be
made.
Define Leadership. - ✔✔ Leadership is the art and science of providing direction,
inspiration, and goals to a team by providing vision, guidance, and holding them
accountable for outcomes
Define Management. - ✔✔ Management and leadership are terms that are often used
interchangeably, however management is differentiated as tending to specific tasks such
as the budget, staffing, policies, procedures, and supplies. It is often said, you lead people
and manage things. See transactional leadership.
Define prospective payments. - ✔✔ Prospective payments are rates agreed upon in
advance by insurance companies and the hospital.
Describe Behavioral Interviewing. - ✔✔ Behavioral interviewing is a process of asking a
set of structured questions based on how the candidate handled situations in the past,
rather than asking hypothetical questions about the future. It is based on the assumption
that past performance is a good indicator of future performance. An example would be:
"Tell me about a time when you were forced to deal with a confrontational co-worker.
How did you approach the situation?"
Describe Circle of Influence. - ✔✔ Covey (1990) suggested our lives are covered by two
circles: a larger circle of everything your could possibly be concerned about, and a smaller
inner circle of things you can influence. He suggested that when we focus on things and
people we can influence our circle of influence gets larger. Focusing on your circle of
concern can lead to frustration, as these are things you cannot influence. Focusing on your
circle of concern can also reduce your circle of influence as you are not paying attention to
things and people you can influence.
,Describe the advanced beginner stage in the Benner (1984) model. - ✔✔ An advanced
beginner is starting to incorporate principles with experience, but is still more task
oriented and conceptual.
Explain fixed costs. - ✔✔ Fixed costs remain the same no matter how many patients are
cared for. They do not increase or decrease based on the patient volume, funding, or
number of staff hired. Examples include the costs to run the unit, like electricity,
housekeeping, telephones, unit clerks, and the nurse manager. You need to pay for the
electricity whether you have five patients or a 100.
Explain Per Diem. - ✔✔ Per diem are set rates of payment by the insurance company per
day of admission in the hospital
How are FTE's calculated? - ✔✔ FTE refers to the number of hours worked that add up to
one full-time employee. FTE's are calculated by taking the total number of nursing hours
of care required or worked in a year divided by 2080 hours (the number of hours worked
in 52 weeks at 8 hours per day, 40 hours/week)
How do most state's program for impaired nurses work? - ✔✔ Most impaired nurse
programs allow a nurse to receive rehabilitation, without losing their license if they admit
they have a substance abuse problem
How do most states program for impaired nurses work? - ✔✔ Most impaired nurse
programs allow a nurse to receive rehabilitation, without losing their license if they admit
they have a substance abuse problem.
How do you calculate the FTE's needed for a unit? - ✔✔ you calculate it by taking the
annual hours of nursing care needed based on the average daily census times the hours of
nursing care per patient day divided by 365 days per year
How do you calculate workload/day? - ✔✔ The workload per day is calculated by taking
the total annual workload and dividing it by 365 days and 24 hours of work per day.
How do you factor in the previous budget experience when preparing next year's budget. -
✔✔ The previous year is factored into a budget by looking at the current years expenses
, to date, divided by how many months have passed to figure out a per month expense.
Multiply by 12 and add an inflation factor for the following year based on information
about what you expect to happen with patient volumes
How do you learn to be a leader? - ✔✔ The best way is to work with a mentor to develop
a personal growth plan that uses textbooks, evidence based leadership literature, attend
leadership workshops and apply learning to action learning experiences such as working
as a charge nurse, observing good leaders, and attending graduate school as a leadership
major.
How does the Joint Commission consider staffing standards - ✔✔ The Joint Commission
does not set staffing standards. They want to see that the organization has a process for
assuring quality of care, providing for patient safety, and making sure nurses are not
overworked so they can provide safe care. The Joint Commission looks at how the
organization meets its own (the organizations) established staffing standards.
How is ADC calculated? - ✔✔ calculated by dividing the total patient days for the year by
365.
How is equal penalty defined in terms of employee discipline? - ✔✔ A reasonable penalty
means the discipline is logical considering the seriousness of the offense and the past
record of the employee. An employee with consistently good evaluations and conduct
should receive less harsh discipline than an employee who has consistency had
performance issues. Likewise, rules of conduct should exist that provide guidelines for
discipline consistent with severity of the situation and impact on patients,
coworkers,safety and operation of the organization.
How is the Occupancy Rate calculated? - ✔✔ Average Daily Census (ADC)/Beds in Service
How is the replacement factor calculated? - ✔✔ it's calculated by calculating the amount
of benefit time and adding it to the FTE's needed.
How is the Turnover Rate calculated? - ✔✔ The Turnover Rate is calculated by: the
number of vacant positions over the number of positions available for a set period of time
