Ap Euro Midterm (2025) Actual Exam
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
Renaissance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-means ."rebirth" .in .French; .a .period .of
.artistic .and .cultural .achievement .in .Europe .from .the .14th .to .the .16th .century
.(c.1350-1550); .(secularism, .individualism, .Humanism, .materialism)
Patronage .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .system .common .during .the .Renaissance
.where .nobles .would .pay .artists .to .create .masterpieces .in .order .to .glorify .their
.power
Florence .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A .republic .Italian .city-state .which, .IN
.ACTUALITY, .was .controlled .by .the .powerful .Medici .banking .family .during .the
.Renaissance .(ex. .Cosimo, .Lorenzo, .Giovanni); .also .believed .to .be .the .area
.where .the .Renaissance .began
King .Edward .III .of .England .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-English .king .during .the .14th
.century .who .started .the .Hundred .Years' .War .in .1337 .by .attempting .to .take .the
.French .throne
Popolo .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Italian .underclass; .a .new .force .that
.disenfranchised .(deprived .of .power) .and .heavily .taxed .the .people .bitterly .for
.being .excluded .from .holding .power; .used .armed .force .and .violence .to .take
.over .the .government.
Signori .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .form .a .government .during .the .Renaissance .that
.consisted .of .a .one-man .ruler .(despots); .acted .to .protect .and .support .the
.people .but .used .illegal .acts .to .rule.
Medici .family .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-dominating .family .of .Florence .during .the
.Renaissance; .acquired .wealth .through .banking; .spent .lots .of .money .on .art .and
.whatnot
Charles .VIII .of .France .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-French .king; .invited .by .Sforza
.family .of .Milan .to .invade .Florence; .fought .over .Italy .with .Ferdinand .of .Aragon
.(Spain) .in .the .first .of .many .French-Italian .wars; .in .1494, .he .controlled .Florence,
.the .Papal .States, .and .Naples
, Francesco .Petrarch .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .first .humanist .(founder .of .the
.Renaissance) .famous .scholar/teacher/poet, .believed .that .Greco-Roman
.(classical) .writings .should .be .studied .and .imitated
Classicism .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .study .of .Greco-Roman .culture .during .the
.Italian .Renaissance
Humanism .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .Renaissance .intellectual .movement .in .which
.thinkers .studied .classical .texts .and .focused .on .human .potential .and
.achievements .(as .opposed .to .Medieval .glorification .of .God); .could .be .secular
.or .nonsecular
Oligarchies .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-committee .of .a .group .of .wealthy .rulers; .often
.ruled .Italian .city-states .during .the .Renaissance; .a .small .percent .of .men .could
.vote
Leonardi .Bruni .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-wrote ."Humanities": .Instrumental .in
.establishing .a .humanist .curriculum .that .focuses .on .classicism .during .the
.Renaissance; .humanist .educational .movement .restores .tradition .of .secular
.rational .historical .writing; .believed .history .is .a .guide .for .life .today.
Giovanni .Pico .della .Mirandola .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Wrote ."On .the .Dignity .of
.Man" .during .the .Reniassance .which .stated .that .man .was .made .in .the .image .of
.God .before .the .fall .and .as .Christ .after .the .Resurrection. .Man .is .placed .in-
between .beasts .and .the .angels; .also .believed .that .there .is .no .limits .to .what
.man .can .accomplish
Leon .Alberti .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-architect/writer; ."Men .can .do .all .things .if
.they .will"; .idea .of .the .universal .man
Valla .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Renaissance .Humanist .who .used .his .knowledge .of
.Latin .to .show .that .the .Donation .of .Constantine .was .a .forgery .("On .the .False
.Donation .of .Constantine"); .contributed .to .the .continual .decline .of .the .prestige
.of .the .Church .with .educated .people
Botticelli .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-One .of .the .leading .painters .of .the .Florentine
.Renaissance; .The .Birth .of .Venus .(look .it .up, .you'll .remember .it)
Baldassare .Castiglione .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-(ok .this .is .kinda .long) .offered .a
.manual .for .the .manners .of .the .Renaissance .Man; .The .Book .of .the .Courtier: .A
.gentleman .is .trained .for .polite .company, .poised .and .well .dressed, .skilled .in
.arms .and .sports, .blahblahblah...basically .it .said .a .Renaissance .man .should .be
.good .at .everything .which .amounted .to .a .perfect .human .quality .called .virtù
Niccolo .Machiavelli .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-wrote .The .Prince .(1513) .which
.contained .a .secular .method .of .ruling .a .country .(ruler .should .rule .without .God's
.help) .and .admired .how .the .foreign ."new .monarchs" .centralized .their .power;
."End .justifies .the .mean."
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
Renaissance .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-means ."rebirth" .in .French; .a .period .of
.artistic .and .cultural .achievement .in .Europe .from .the .14th .to .the .16th .century
.(c.1350-1550); .(secularism, .individualism, .Humanism, .materialism)
Patronage .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .system .common .during .the .Renaissance
.where .nobles .would .pay .artists .to .create .masterpieces .in .order .to .glorify .their
.power
Florence .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A .republic .Italian .city-state .which, .IN
.ACTUALITY, .was .controlled .by .the .powerful .Medici .banking .family .during .the
.Renaissance .(ex. .Cosimo, .Lorenzo, .Giovanni); .also .believed .to .be .the .area
.where .the .Renaissance .began
King .Edward .III .of .England .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-English .king .during .the .14th
.century .who .started .the .Hundred .Years' .War .in .1337 .by .attempting .to .take .the
.French .throne
Popolo .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Italian .underclass; .a .new .force .that
.disenfranchised .(deprived .of .power) .and .heavily .taxed .the .people .bitterly .for
.being .excluded .from .holding .power; .used .armed .force .and .violence .to .take
.over .the .government.
Signori .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .form .a .government .during .the .Renaissance .that
.consisted .of .a .one-man .ruler .(despots); .acted .to .protect .and .support .the
.people .but .used .illegal .acts .to .rule.
Medici .family .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-dominating .family .of .Florence .during .the
.Renaissance; .acquired .wealth .through .banking; .spent .lots .of .money .on .art .and
.whatnot
Charles .VIII .of .France .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-French .king; .invited .by .Sforza
.family .of .Milan .to .invade .Florence; .fought .over .Italy .with .Ferdinand .of .Aragon
.(Spain) .in .the .first .of .many .French-Italian .wars; .in .1494, .he .controlled .Florence,
.the .Papal .States, .and .Naples
, Francesco .Petrarch .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .first .humanist .(founder .of .the
.Renaissance) .famous .scholar/teacher/poet, .believed .that .Greco-Roman
.(classical) .writings .should .be .studied .and .imitated
Classicism .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the .study .of .Greco-Roman .culture .during .the
.Italian .Renaissance
Humanism .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a .Renaissance .intellectual .movement .in .which
.thinkers .studied .classical .texts .and .focused .on .human .potential .and
.achievements .(as .opposed .to .Medieval .glorification .of .God); .could .be .secular
.or .nonsecular
Oligarchies .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-committee .of .a .group .of .wealthy .rulers; .often
.ruled .Italian .city-states .during .the .Renaissance; .a .small .percent .of .men .could
.vote
Leonardi .Bruni .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-wrote ."Humanities": .Instrumental .in
.establishing .a .humanist .curriculum .that .focuses .on .classicism .during .the
.Renaissance; .humanist .educational .movement .restores .tradition .of .secular
.rational .historical .writing; .believed .history .is .a .guide .for .life .today.
Giovanni .Pico .della .Mirandola .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Wrote ."On .the .Dignity .of
.Man" .during .the .Reniassance .which .stated .that .man .was .made .in .the .image .of
.God .before .the .fall .and .as .Christ .after .the .Resurrection. .Man .is .placed .in-
between .beasts .and .the .angels; .also .believed .that .there .is .no .limits .to .what
.man .can .accomplish
Leon .Alberti .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-architect/writer; ."Men .can .do .all .things .if
.they .will"; .idea .of .the .universal .man
Valla .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Renaissance .Humanist .who .used .his .knowledge .of
.Latin .to .show .that .the .Donation .of .Constantine .was .a .forgery .("On .the .False
.Donation .of .Constantine"); .contributed .to .the .continual .decline .of .the .prestige
.of .the .Church .with .educated .people
Botticelli .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-One .of .the .leading .painters .of .the .Florentine
.Renaissance; .The .Birth .of .Venus .(look .it .up, .you'll .remember .it)
Baldassare .Castiglione .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-(ok .this .is .kinda .long) .offered .a
.manual .for .the .manners .of .the .Renaissance .Man; .The .Book .of .the .Courtier: .A
.gentleman .is .trained .for .polite .company, .poised .and .well .dressed, .skilled .in
.arms .and .sports, .blahblahblah...basically .it .said .a .Renaissance .man .should .be
.good .at .everything .which .amounted .to .a .perfect .human .quality .called .virtù
Niccolo .Machiavelli .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-wrote .The .Prince .(1513) .which
.contained .a .secular .method .of .ruling .a .country .(ruler .should .rule .without .God's
.help) .and .admired .how .the .foreign ."new .monarchs" .centralized .their .power;
."End .justifies .the .mean."
