HESI Pharmacology Exit Exam
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? - (correct Answer) - Prevention of chemotherapy-
induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan - (correct Answer) - Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - (correct Answer) - Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - (correct Answer) - For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight
control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (correct Answer) - Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - (correct Answer) - Ask pt to describe dietary
intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (correct Answer) - Fiber laxatives like
Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - (correct Answer) - Bulk forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives - (correct Answer) - Because they
can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - (correct Answer) - Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and
obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - (correct Answer) - Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as
tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - (correct Answer) - Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - (correct Answer) - antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - (correct Answer) - Prevention of N/V associated with
chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? - (correct Answer) - PTs with liver
failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - (correct Answer) - 5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - (correct Answer) - They decrease GI
inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - (correct Answer) - Nausea, rash,
arthralgia, hematological disorders
, Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - (correct Answer) - Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - (correct Answer) - Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? - (correct Answer) - An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - (correct Answer) - STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - (correct Answer) - One dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be tested? - (correct
Answer) - Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - (correct Answer) - Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - (correct Answer) - An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - (correct Answer) - Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - (correct Answer) - Give with milk or meals check LFTs.
Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - (correct Answer) - Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - (correct Answer) - With food and around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? - (correct Answer) - Alcohol; can
cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - (correct Answer) - gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - (correct Answer) - given IV for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) - (correct Answer) - decreased
hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? - (correct Answer) - BUN
and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - (correct Answer) - vancomycin
what is MRSA - (correct Answer) - severe staph infections that have become resistant to most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - (correct Answer) - acute care requires frequent monitoring og serum
drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule. trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - (correct Answer) - nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - (correct Answer) - thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too rapidly:
flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can be lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? - (correct Answer) - greater than 60 minutes
What is the indication for metoclopramide/reglan? - (correct Answer) - Prevention of chemotherapy-
induced emesis and diabetic gastroparesis
Side effects of metoclopramide/reglan - (correct Answer) - Drowsiness, EPS such as tremors
Notify MD if what occurs when using metoclopramide/reglan - (correct Answer) - Tremors
What is the indication xenical (orlistat, Alli) - (correct Answer) - For PTs with BMI of 30+; LT weight
control
SE of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (correct Answer) - Oily stool and flatulence
Nursing implications for a pt on xenical (orlistat or alli) - (correct Answer) - Ask pt to describe dietary
intake since SE are increased if greater than 30% of fat is in diet.
What can decrease side effects of xenical (orlistat or alli) - (correct Answer) - Fiber laxatives like
Metamucil help decrease SE by binding to the fat.
Which type of fluids need plenty of water? - (correct Answer) - Bulk forming laxatives
Why do you need plenty of fluids when taking bulk forming laxatives - (correct Answer) - Because they
can produce esophageal and or intestinal obstruction
Laxative use assessment - (correct Answer) - Last BM and characteristics, abdominal pain, fever and
obstruction. Assess dietary and fluid intake.
With laxative use the nurse should - (correct Answer) - Encourage fluids, fiber and exercise as
tolerated/indicated
Laxative use and result in - (correct Answer) - Lack of bowel tone which can lead to dependency
what is ondansetron (zofran) - (correct Answer) - antiemetic
What is ondansetron (zofran)used for? - (correct Answer) - Prevention of N/V associated with
chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Who should you use caution with when giving ondansetron/zofran? - (correct Answer) - PTs with liver
failure
Drugs for ulcerative colitis and crohns - (correct Answer) - 5 aminosalicylates; mesalamie, sulfasalazine.
How do 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) work? - (correct Answer) - They decrease GI
inflammation
Side effects of 5 aminosalicylates; (mesalamie, sulfasalazine) - (correct Answer) - Nausea, rash,
arthralgia, hematological disorders
, Which drug can cause colitis/c.diff - (correct Answer) - Linezolid/zyvox
What kind of infection is c.diff - (correct Answer) - Suprainfection
What is azithromycin/zithromax? - (correct Answer) - An antibiotic
What does azithromycin/zithromax treat? - (correct Answer) - STDs such as: gonorrhea and chlamydia
How much azithromycin/zithromax is usually required? - (correct Answer) - One dose of 1g or 2g.
If a female pt has trichomonas (any STI) and is asymptomatic does the male need to be tested? - (correct
Answer) - Yes!
azithromycin/zithromax can cause what? - (correct Answer) - Hepatotoxicity- elevated liver enzymes
What is nitrofurantoin/cipro used for? - (correct Answer) - An antibiotic for UTI
nitrofurantoin/cipro side effect - (correct Answer) - Hepatotoxicity, skin reactions, neuropathy
nitrofurantoin/cipro nursing considerations - (correct Answer) - Give with milk or meals check LFTs.
Watch for numbness or tingling of extremities this can be an irreversible peripheral neuropathy
Drug of choice for treating c.diff? - (correct Answer) - Metronidazole/flagyl
When is metronidazole/flagyl to be taken? - (correct Answer) - With food and around the clock
What should be avoided when taking metronidazole/flagyl and why? - (correct Answer) - Alcohol; can
cause a disulfiram-like reaction
aminoglycosides examples - (correct Answer) - gentamicin(garamycin), neomycin, tobramycin(nebcin)
how are aminoglycosides ,(-mycin, -micin), administered? - (correct Answer) - given IV for several days
what is an adverse effect of aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin) - (correct Answer) - decreased
hearing/ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
what labs need to be evaluated when given aminoglycosides (-mycin, -micin)? - (correct Answer) - BUN
and creatinine
DOC for MRSA - (correct Answer) - vancomycin
what is MRSA - (correct Answer) - severe staph infections that have become resistant to most antibiotics
implications for giving vancomycin - (correct Answer) - acute care requires frequent monitoring og serum
drug level for dose adjustment. peak and trough schedule. trough is drawn just prior to next dose.
risks when using vancomycin - (correct Answer) - nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
SE of vancomycin - (correct Answer) - thrombophlebitis, red man syndrome if infused too rapidly:
flushing or rash of upper body, dyspnea, itching, hypotension- can be lethal
how long should IV vancomycin infuse? - (correct Answer) - greater than 60 minutes
