Congenital Heart Disease Question
and answers correctly solved 2025
CHD includes primarily what? - correct answers Anatomic abnormalities
present at birth that result in abnormal cardiac function
What are the clinical consequences of congenital heart defects? - correct
answers Congestive heart failure and hypoxemia
Other than prematurity, CHD is the major ________? - correct answers Cause
of death in the first year of life
What is the most common defect? - correct answers Ventricular septal defect
The etiology in CHD is unknown in what percentage of cases? - correct
answers 90%
What are some factors that increase the risks of CHD? - correct answers
Diabetes
Poorly controlled PKU
Alcohol consumption
History of CHD in one of the parents
Family history of cardiac defect in parent or sibling
What chromosomal abnormality can CHD be associated with? - correct
answers Downs Syndrome
, What are the two factors that affect blood flow? - correct answers -Pressure
(the greater the pressure the greater the flow)
-Resistance (The greater the resistance, the less the flow)
The pressure is normally greater on which side of the heart? - correct answers
Left side
What is an atrial septal defect? - correct answers A hole between the 2 atria
What are the types of blood flow problems associated with the heart? - correct
answers Increased pulmonary blood flow
Decreased pulmonary blood flow
Obstructed blood flow
Mixed blood flow
Is the atrial/septal defect a problem with oxygenation? - correct answers No,
patients are normally asymptomatic
What type of heart murmur would a patient have if they had an atrial septal
defect? - correct answers Systolic murmer
What defects are associated with the increased pulmonary blood flow? -
correct answers Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
What percentage of holes from atrial septal defect close spontaneously in the
first year of life? - correct answers 20-60%
and answers correctly solved 2025
CHD includes primarily what? - correct answers Anatomic abnormalities
present at birth that result in abnormal cardiac function
What are the clinical consequences of congenital heart defects? - correct
answers Congestive heart failure and hypoxemia
Other than prematurity, CHD is the major ________? - correct answers Cause
of death in the first year of life
What is the most common defect? - correct answers Ventricular septal defect
The etiology in CHD is unknown in what percentage of cases? - correct
answers 90%
What are some factors that increase the risks of CHD? - correct answers
Diabetes
Poorly controlled PKU
Alcohol consumption
History of CHD in one of the parents
Family history of cardiac defect in parent or sibling
What chromosomal abnormality can CHD be associated with? - correct
answers Downs Syndrome
, What are the two factors that affect blood flow? - correct answers -Pressure
(the greater the pressure the greater the flow)
-Resistance (The greater the resistance, the less the flow)
The pressure is normally greater on which side of the heart? - correct answers
Left side
What is an atrial septal defect? - correct answers A hole between the 2 atria
What are the types of blood flow problems associated with the heart? - correct
answers Increased pulmonary blood flow
Decreased pulmonary blood flow
Obstructed blood flow
Mixed blood flow
Is the atrial/septal defect a problem with oxygenation? - correct answers No,
patients are normally asymptomatic
What type of heart murmur would a patient have if they had an atrial septal
defect? - correct answers Systolic murmer
What defects are associated with the increased pulmonary blood flow? -
correct answers Atrial septal defect
Ventricular septal defect
Patent ductus arteriosus
What percentage of holes from atrial septal defect close spontaneously in the
first year of life? - correct answers 20-60%
