Med-Surg Exam 2 jersey college
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
(2025)
angina .could .be .triggered .by .? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-eating .a .heavy .meal
Exp: .blood .shunted .to .the .GI .area .which .decreases .blood .availability .to .the
.myocardium
locations .of .chest .pain? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-typically .felt .behind .the .sternum
.and .may . radiate .to:neck, .jaw, .shoulders, .and .along .the .inner .aspect .of .the .left
.arm.
what .is .the .classic .finding .of .angina? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-it .is .relieved .with
.rest .or .nitroglycerine
Pt. .education .for .nitroglycerin? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-1. .keep .in .a .dark .bottle
2.renew .every .6 .months
3.place .under .tongue, .never .swallowed
4. .can .take .every .5 .minutes .x .3 .doses
5. .call .911 .after .the .first .dose .if .pain .is .not .relieved
decrease .in .cardiac .output, .expect .the .pulse .to .be? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-weak,
.thready .pulse
signs .of .hypokalemia? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-muscle .weakness
fatigue
muscle .cramps
constipation
inverted .T .waves .and .a .U .wave .on .ekg
metabolic .syndrome .increases .the .risk .of? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-heart .disease
spironolactone .is .a .potassium .sparing .diuretic .that .could? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-potentiate .fluid .and .electrolyte .imbalances .( .if .given .with .potassium
.supplements, .hyperkalemia .can .occur)
,how .do .bet-blockers .work? .end .in .-olol .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-decreases .heart
.rate .and .blood .pressure. .mask .the .signs .of .hypoglycemia .or .worsen .asthma
.because .of .bronchoconstriction
why .should .you .avoid .discontinuing .anti-hypertensives .medications .abruptly? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-increase .risk .for .rebound .hypertension
ACE .inhibitors .and .Angiotensin .2 .receptor .blockers .(ARBs) .increase .the .risk .of?
.- .CORRECT .ANSWER-hyperkalemia
ACE .inhibitors, .how .do .they .work? .ends .in .-pril .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-stop
.angiotensin .1 .from .converting .to .angiotensin .2 .(powerful .vasoconstrictor)
.thereby .lowering .total .peripheral .vascular .resistance .and .blood .pressure
How .to .take .a .proper .blood .pressure .reading? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-instruct .pt.
.to .not .eat .or .drink .for .30 .mins
support .arm .at .heart .level
make .sure .both .feet .are .flat .on .the .floor
the .target .organs .affected .by .long .standing .hypertension? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-retinopathy
neuropathy
nephropathy
decrease .in .output .could .cause .what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-decrease .in .tissue
.perfusion .which .results .in .organ .failure
Following .a .pulmonary .artery .pressure .reading .you .should .deflate .the .balloon.
.Why? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-to .restore .the .blood .flow .through .the .pulmonary
.artery
Straining .with .bowel .movements .is .not .good .because? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-it
.triggers .the .valsalva .maneuver .which .increases .intrathoracic .pressure
.decreasing .the .venous .blood .flow .to .the .heart .and .results .in .decrease .cardiac
.output.
change .patients .position .slowly .to .prebent? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-orthostatic
.hypotension
Low .central .venous .pressure .levels .could .suggests? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
could .suggest .dehydration .or .overdiuresis
increase .central .venous .pressure .could .suggest? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-heart
.failure
increase .central .venous .pressure .provides .a .measurement .of .what? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-measurement .of .the . volume .of .blood .that .returned .to .the .right .side .of
.the .heart .(2-6 .mm .Hg)
,Hemodynamic .monitoring .is .performed .where? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-in .ICU .and
.allows .for .direct .cardiac .monitoring
homocysteine .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-damage .the .endothelial .lining .of .the .arteries
increase .risk .for .thrombus .formation .and .lead .to .stroke, .CAD, .and .peripheral
.artery .disease
the .radiology .procedure .ECHOCARDIOGRAM .shows .what .about .the .heart? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-direction .of .blood .flow
heart .shape .and .size
ventricular .function
ejection .fraction
the .purpose .of .a .cardiac .stress .test? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-to .determine .the
.hearts .ability .to .respond .to .increase .oxygen .demand
this .protein .triggers .sodium .excretion .and .a .decrease .in .volume? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-Brain .Natriuretic .Peptide .(BNP)
these .protein .levels .increase .as .ventricular .pressure .increase .in .order .to .rid .the
.body .of .excess .fluid? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Brain .Natriuretic .Peptide .(BNP)
BNP .level .greater .than ._____ .suggests .what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-BNP .levels
.greater .than .100 .suggest .heart .failure
contrast .medium .is .contraindicated .in .what .type .of .patients? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-patients .who .are .allergic .to .iodine, .shellfish .or .seafood
patients .who .are .pregnant .or .has .elevated .creatinine .levels
contrast .medium .is? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-nephrotoxic
Premature .Ventricular .Contractions .could .trigger .? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-life
.threatening .dysrthymias
therapeutic .INR .levels .for .coumadin .when .used .for .a-fib .is? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-INR .2-3
complication .that .may .occur .following .cardiac .catherization? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-fatal .dysrhythmias
Adventitious .sound .heard .of .the .lower .airway .narrowing? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
wheezing
fluid .accumulation .in .the .lower .basis .of .the .lungs, .you .will .hear .what .sound? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-crackles
what .suggest .increase .pressure .and .filling .volumes .in .the .ventricles? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-JVD
Peripheral .edema
, hepatomegaly
scrotal .edema
shortness .of .breath
crackles
S3 .in .older .adults .are .significant .and .may .suggest? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-heart
.failure
Valve .disorders .contribute .to? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-turbulent .blood .flow .and
.heart .murmurs
what .is .an .MI? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-blockages .or .constriction .of .the .coronary
.arteries
unresolved .ischemia .leads .to? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-necrosis .of .myocardial
.cells .and .the .release .of .enzymes .(CK-MB . creatine) .and .proteins .(Troponin,
.Troponin .1, .kinase, .and .myoglobin) .into .the .blood .stream
blood .flow .through .the .right .atrium .is .done .through? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the
.inferior .and .superior . vena .cava
this .initiates .the .impulse .that .causes .atrial .contraction? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
Sinostrial .(SA) .node
the .SA .node .is .observed .by .what .wave .on .the .the .EKG? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
the .P .wave
Depolorization .results .in? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-cardiac .contraction
Repolarization .results .in? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-return .of .the .chambers .to .a
.resting .state
Cardiac .output? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-total .amount .of .blood .that .leaves .the
.ventricles .in .one . minute. .Normal .is .4-6 .L
what .disorders .will .affect .the .cardiac .output? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-disorders
.that .impair .the .heart .rate .or .stroke .volume
stimulation .of .this .nervous .system .results .in .what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
parasympathetic .nervous .system .causes .the .vagal .nerve .innervation .and
.slowing .of .heart .rate
Average .stroke .volume .is? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-60-130 .ml
medications .that .impair .venous .return .could .lead .to .______ .and .a .decrease .in
.what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-could .lead .to .a .decrease .in .preolad .and .an
.decrease .in .cardiac .output
Questions and Answers A+ Graded
(2025)
angina .could .be .triggered .by .? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-eating .a .heavy .meal
Exp: .blood .shunted .to .the .GI .area .which .decreases .blood .availability .to .the
.myocardium
locations .of .chest .pain? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-typically .felt .behind .the .sternum
.and .may . radiate .to:neck, .jaw, .shoulders, .and .along .the .inner .aspect .of .the .left
.arm.
what .is .the .classic .finding .of .angina? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-it .is .relieved .with
.rest .or .nitroglycerine
Pt. .education .for .nitroglycerin? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-1. .keep .in .a .dark .bottle
2.renew .every .6 .months
3.place .under .tongue, .never .swallowed
4. .can .take .every .5 .minutes .x .3 .doses
5. .call .911 .after .the .first .dose .if .pain .is .not .relieved
decrease .in .cardiac .output, .expect .the .pulse .to .be? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-weak,
.thready .pulse
signs .of .hypokalemia? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-muscle .weakness
fatigue
muscle .cramps
constipation
inverted .T .waves .and .a .U .wave .on .ekg
metabolic .syndrome .increases .the .risk .of? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-heart .disease
spironolactone .is .a .potassium .sparing .diuretic .that .could? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-potentiate .fluid .and .electrolyte .imbalances .( .if .given .with .potassium
.supplements, .hyperkalemia .can .occur)
,how .do .bet-blockers .work? .end .in .-olol .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-decreases .heart
.rate .and .blood .pressure. .mask .the .signs .of .hypoglycemia .or .worsen .asthma
.because .of .bronchoconstriction
why .should .you .avoid .discontinuing .anti-hypertensives .medications .abruptly? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-increase .risk .for .rebound .hypertension
ACE .inhibitors .and .Angiotensin .2 .receptor .blockers .(ARBs) .increase .the .risk .of?
.- .CORRECT .ANSWER-hyperkalemia
ACE .inhibitors, .how .do .they .work? .ends .in .-pril .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-stop
.angiotensin .1 .from .converting .to .angiotensin .2 .(powerful .vasoconstrictor)
.thereby .lowering .total .peripheral .vascular .resistance .and .blood .pressure
How .to .take .a .proper .blood .pressure .reading? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-instruct .pt.
.to .not .eat .or .drink .for .30 .mins
support .arm .at .heart .level
make .sure .both .feet .are .flat .on .the .floor
the .target .organs .affected .by .long .standing .hypertension? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-retinopathy
neuropathy
nephropathy
decrease .in .output .could .cause .what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-decrease .in .tissue
.perfusion .which .results .in .organ .failure
Following .a .pulmonary .artery .pressure .reading .you .should .deflate .the .balloon.
.Why? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-to .restore .the .blood .flow .through .the .pulmonary
.artery
Straining .with .bowel .movements .is .not .good .because? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-it
.triggers .the .valsalva .maneuver .which .increases .intrathoracic .pressure
.decreasing .the .venous .blood .flow .to .the .heart .and .results .in .decrease .cardiac
.output.
change .patients .position .slowly .to .prebent? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-orthostatic
.hypotension
Low .central .venous .pressure .levels .could .suggests? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
could .suggest .dehydration .or .overdiuresis
increase .central .venous .pressure .could .suggest? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-heart
.failure
increase .central .venous .pressure .provides .a .measurement .of .what? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-measurement .of .the . volume .of .blood .that .returned .to .the .right .side .of
.the .heart .(2-6 .mm .Hg)
,Hemodynamic .monitoring .is .performed .where? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-in .ICU .and
.allows .for .direct .cardiac .monitoring
homocysteine .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-damage .the .endothelial .lining .of .the .arteries
increase .risk .for .thrombus .formation .and .lead .to .stroke, .CAD, .and .peripheral
.artery .disease
the .radiology .procedure .ECHOCARDIOGRAM .shows .what .about .the .heart? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-direction .of .blood .flow
heart .shape .and .size
ventricular .function
ejection .fraction
the .purpose .of .a .cardiac .stress .test? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-to .determine .the
.hearts .ability .to .respond .to .increase .oxygen .demand
this .protein .triggers .sodium .excretion .and .a .decrease .in .volume? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-Brain .Natriuretic .Peptide .(BNP)
these .protein .levels .increase .as .ventricular .pressure .increase .in .order .to .rid .the
.body .of .excess .fluid? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-Brain .Natriuretic .Peptide .(BNP)
BNP .level .greater .than ._____ .suggests .what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-BNP .levels
.greater .than .100 .suggest .heart .failure
contrast .medium .is .contraindicated .in .what .type .of .patients? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-patients .who .are .allergic .to .iodine, .shellfish .or .seafood
patients .who .are .pregnant .or .has .elevated .creatinine .levels
contrast .medium .is? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-nephrotoxic
Premature .Ventricular .Contractions .could .trigger .? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-life
.threatening .dysrthymias
therapeutic .INR .levels .for .coumadin .when .used .for .a-fib .is? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-INR .2-3
complication .that .may .occur .following .cardiac .catherization? .- .CORRECT
.ANSWER-fatal .dysrhythmias
Adventitious .sound .heard .of .the .lower .airway .narrowing? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
wheezing
fluid .accumulation .in .the .lower .basis .of .the .lungs, .you .will .hear .what .sound? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-crackles
what .suggest .increase .pressure .and .filling .volumes .in .the .ventricles? .-
.CORRECT .ANSWER-JVD
Peripheral .edema
, hepatomegaly
scrotal .edema
shortness .of .breath
crackles
S3 .in .older .adults .are .significant .and .may .suggest? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-heart
.failure
Valve .disorders .contribute .to? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-turbulent .blood .flow .and
.heart .murmurs
what .is .an .MI? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-blockages .or .constriction .of .the .coronary
.arteries
unresolved .ischemia .leads .to? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-necrosis .of .myocardial
.cells .and .the .release .of .enzymes .(CK-MB . creatine) .and .proteins .(Troponin,
.Troponin .1, .kinase, .and .myoglobin) .into .the .blood .stream
blood .flow .through .the .right .atrium .is .done .through? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-the
.inferior .and .superior . vena .cava
this .initiates .the .impulse .that .causes .atrial .contraction? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
Sinostrial .(SA) .node
the .SA .node .is .observed .by .what .wave .on .the .the .EKG? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
the .P .wave
Depolorization .results .in? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-cardiac .contraction
Repolarization .results .in? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-return .of .the .chambers .to .a
.resting .state
Cardiac .output? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-total .amount .of .blood .that .leaves .the
.ventricles .in .one . minute. .Normal .is .4-6 .L
what .disorders .will .affect .the .cardiac .output? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-disorders
.that .impair .the .heart .rate .or .stroke .volume
stimulation .of .this .nervous .system .results .in .what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-
parasympathetic .nervous .system .causes .the .vagal .nerve .innervation .and
.slowing .of .heart .rate
Average .stroke .volume .is? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-60-130 .ml
medications .that .impair .venous .return .could .lead .to .______ .and .a .decrease .in
.what? .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-could .lead .to .a .decrease .in .preolad .and .an
.decrease .in .cardiac .output
