Emergency Medicine exam with verified answers with best rusults(A+).docx

Emergency Medicine exam with | | | |




verified answers with best
| | | |




rusults(A+)

Initial |steps |in |stabilizing |a |patient |- |correct |answersCDAB

* |Circulation |(rapid |CPR |to |reestablish |circulation)

* |Defibrillaiton

- |Airway

- |Breathing



- |the |main |goal |is |to |restore |effective |oxygenation,ventilation |and |circulation |until |return |of |
spontaneous |circulation |or |ACLS



Where |do |you |check |pulses |- |correct |answersBilateral |carotid |and |femoral |pulses |= |most |
reliable

- |No |pulse, |start |CPR |immediately |(2 |minutes |fast |and |hard |and |then |switch |out)

- |Never |stop |doing |CPR |until |pulse |is |present |(CPR |while |defibrillator |is |charging, |stop |for |
electric |discharge, |and |continue |CPR)



What |do |you |do |with |weak/thready |pulses |- |correct |answers- |Start |IVF |resuscitaiton |- |IV |
access |or |IO |as |second |option

- |Thready |pulses |indicate |hypotension |and |poor |perfusion

- |Check |frequent |BP |to |reassess



What |is |defibrillation |- |correct |answersShock |to |electrically |terminate |abnormal |heart |rate |and
|restart. |

,- |The |earlier |a |fibrillating |heart |is |defibrillated, |the |more |successful |(survival |drops |by |10% |
with |each |minute)



How |do |you |assess |Airway? |- |correct |answers- |HEAD |TILT-CHIN |LIFT: |assess |if |airway |is |
obstructed |vs. |open |- |look |for |foreign |body, |vomit, |blood. |

- |JAW |THRUST |- |if |C-spine |injury |suspected

- |30 |compressions |for |every |2 |breaths

- |Give |one |breath |every |5-6 |sections |(don't |over-ventilate |the |patient)



Advanced |airway |techniques |- |correct |answers- |LMA: |Laryngeal |Mask |Airway

- |Cricothyroidotomy |-surgical |airway |done |as |last |resort |when |unable |to |maintain |oxygenation |
with |other |methods



Breathing |- |correct |answers- |Pay |attention |to |resp |rate, |breathing |pattern |(normal |vs. |agonic |
breaths)

- |O2 |sats |- |goal |is |> |94%

- |Chest |rise/tidal |volume

- |Waveform |Capnography: |measures |CO2 |input |and |output. |Best |measure |for |assessing |
ventilation

- |Bag-valve-mask |helps |patients |with |poor |or |inadequate |respiration.

** |it |saves |lives!!



Supplemental |O2 |- |correct |answers- |All |cardiac |arrest |patients |get |100% |O2

- |Room |air= |21% |

- |Nasal |cannula |O2 |- |raises |FiO2 |by |2-3% |per |liter. |Normally |give |1-6 |Liters/minute

- |Non-rebreather |mask |--> |you |are |receiving |100% |O2

, How |do |you |monitor |CDAB? |- |correct |answers- |Reassess |circulation: |compression, |check |
cardiac |rhythm, |pulse, |give |meds |to |help |Bp |or |rhythm |prn

- |Monitor |Oxygen |and |IV

- |DDx |-goalis |to |find |and |treat |reversible |causes



What |should |be |done |after |CDAB's? |- |correct |answers- |VITAL |SIGNS!!



What |are |the |vital |signs |- |correct |answers- |HR/pulse: |60-100

- |Bp: |120/80

- |Resp |rate: |16-20

- |Temp |97-99

- |O2 |sat |> |94%

- |Pain!!! |- |6th |vital |sign



Pain |scale |for |infants |- |correct |answersFLACC

Face, |legs, |activity, |cry, |consolability |(0, |1, |2)



EMTALA |- |correct |answersEmergency |Medical |Treatment |and |Active |Labor |Act

- |hospitals |are |obligated |to |screen/treat |a |patient |in |the |ER |regardless |of |insurance

- |if |a |emergency |medical |condition |exists |- |they |must |stabilize |the |patient |before |transferring |
or |d/c |the |pt

- |an |emergency |condition |is |anything |with |an |abromal |vital |sign



Triage |- |correct |answers"trier" |- |to |separate, |sift |or |select |based |on |priority |of |condition



Emergency |Severity |Index |- |correct |answers- |Categorize |based |on |severity: |1 |to |5

1 |- |most |severe: |cyanotic/not |breathing |- |unreseponsive |or |not |talking