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1. Which of the following best describes "risk" in insurance?
a) The cause of a loss
b) The uncertainty of a loss
c) The transfer of loss to an insurer
d) A hazard that leads to a loss
Answer: b – Risk means the uncertainty of a loss occurring.
2. Which is an example of a physical hazard?
a) Smoking
b) Dishonesty
c) Carelessness
d) Poor credit
Answer: a – Smoking is a tangible, physical condition increasing risk.
3. A peril is:
a) The likelihood of loss
b) The cause of a loss
c) Anything that increases the chance of loss
d) A clause in the policy
Answer: b – A peril is the actual cause of loss (e.g., fire, theft).
4. The principle of indemnity ensures:
a) The insured profits from a claim
b) The insured is restored to the same financial position as before the loss
, c) A fixed payout regardless of loss
d) A partial payout only
Answer: b
5. An example of a moral hazard is:
a) Living in a high-crime area
b) Leaving keys in an unlocked car
c) Submitting false claims
d) Driving in icy conditions
Answer: c
6. Pure risk involves:
a) Only a possibility of loss or no loss
b) A chance of gain or loss
c) Speculative investment
d) No insurable interest
Answer: a
7. Insurable interest must exist at which time for property insurance?
a) At policy inception
b) At time of loss
c) At both inception and loss
d) At renewal only
Answer: b
8. Loss exposure means:
a) The number of claims filed
b) The condition of being at risk of a loss
c) The insurer’s solvency rating
d) A type of hazard
Answer: b
9. Which term refers to the reduction in value of property after damage?
a) Loss ratio
b) Depreciation
, c) Actual cash value
d) Replacement cost
Answer: b
10.A legal agreement in insurance is called a:
a) Peril
b) Contract
c) Hazard
d) Condition
Answer: b
Topic 2 – Contract Law
1. Which of the following are required elements of a valid insurance
contract?
a) Offer and acceptance
b) Consideration
c) Competent parties
d) Legal purpose
Answer: a, b, c, d – All four must be present.
2. The insurer’s consideration is:
a) The promise to pay for covered losses
b) The premium paid
c) The deductible amount
d) The declarations page
Answer: a
3. The insured’s consideration is:
a) The insurer’s duty to defend
b) Premium payment and truthful statements
c) Policy limits
d) Risk transfer
Answer: b
, 4. A contract of adhesion means:
a) The insured can change the terms anytime
b) The insurer writes the policy and the insured must accept as is
c) Both parties negotiate equally
d) The contract must be notarized
Answer: b
5. An aleatory contract means:
a) Performance depends on an uncertain event
b) Both parties perform equally
c) No legal purpose is required
d) Only one party makes a promise
Answer: a
6. A unilateral contract means:
a) Only one party is legally bound after the contract is formed
b) Both parties are equally bound
c) It is not legally enforceable
d) It can be modified without consent
Answer: a
7. Misrepresentation in an application can lead to:
a) Voiding the contract
b) Increasing the premium
c) Automatically doubling coverage
d) Policy cancellation
Answer: a, d
8. A warranty in an insurance contract is:
a) A statement guaranteed to be true
b) An opinion
c) A recommendation
d) Optional to follow
Answer: a