HONDROS BIO 117 Exam 2 Covering Lectures 5 – 9 (Questions & Answers)

1. What are the two major divisions of the skeletal system?: axial skeleton and
appendicular skeleton
2. The skull, spine, sternum, and ribs are part of what division of the skeletal
system?: Axial
3. The girdles, arms, and legs are part of what division of the skeletal
system?: Appendicular
4. The tympanic cavity is located in the...: Ear
5. What part of the skull contains the ossicles: Tympanic Cavity
6. These bones of the skull; frontal, ethmoidal, sphenoidal, and maxillary are
called the...: Paranasal Sinuses
7. Another name for the spine is...: Vertebral Column
8. The vertebral column consists of how many regions?: 5 regions
9. The 5 regions of the spine are...: 1. Cervical Vertebrae 2. Thoracic Vertebrae,
3. Lumbar Vertebrae, 4. Sacrum, 5. Coccyx
10. The Cervical Vertebrae consists of how many bones?: 7
11. The Thoracic Vertebrae consists of how many bones?: 12
12. The Lumbar Vertebrae consists of how many bones?: 5
13. The Sacrum consists of how many bones?: 1 sacrum in the vertebral column
; consists of 5 bones
14. The Coccyx consists of how many bones?: 1 coccyx in the vertebral column
; consists of 4 bones.
15. The special cartilage discs which helps protect each vertebrae are
called...: Intervertebral discs
16. How many pairs of ribs are there: 12
17. Ribs are connected to sternum by: costal cartilage
18. The ribs are connected to what part of the vertebral column?: Thoracic 19.
What are the four regions of the sternum?: 1. Manubrium 2. Body 3.
Sternomanubrial joint 4. Xiphoid process 20. Ribs 1-7 are called: true ribs
21. Ribs 8-10 are called: false ribs
22. Ribs 11 and 12 are called: floating ribs
23. What are the two Girdles of the appendicular skeleton that are responsible
for attachment of the arms and legs?: Pectoral and Pelvic
24. Which bones make up the pectoral girdle?: clavicle and scapula




, HONDROS BIO 117 - EXAM 2
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25. Is the sacrum part of the pelvic girdle or the vertebral column?: Vertebral
column
26. What bones make up the pelvic girdle?: ilium, ischium, pubis
27. Where do you find long bones?: In the appendicular skeleton / arms and legs
28 Bone is a form of connective tissue, specifically
____________________ tissue ?: Osseous tissue
29. The process of bone formations is called: Ossification
30. The matrix of osseous tissue is made up of 3 main things:: 1. Calcium 2.
Phosphate 3. Collagen
31. Osteo means?: Bone
32. What matures bone cells?: osteocytes
33. What build up bone?: osteoblasts
34. What breaks down bone?: osteoclasts
35. Where do we find bone marrow: Inside the bones
36. Red bone marrow makes: red blood cells
37. Red bone marrow in the ____________________ part of the bone.:
Epiphysis
38. The epiphysis (part of the long bone) is protected by...: Spongy bone
39. Yellow bone marrow stores...: adipose tissue (fat)
40. Yellow bone marrow is found in the _______________________ part of the
bone: Diaphysis
41. Diaphysis (part of long bone) is protected by...: Compact bone
42. Two main types of freely movable joints: 1. Ball-and-socket joints 2. Hing
joints
43. Examples of ball-and-socket joints are: shoulder and hip
44. Examples of hinge joints are: elbow and knee
45. The immovable joints of the skull are called: sutures
46. _______________ are where two bones come together: Joints
47. Joints can be classified by: Immovable and freely movable
48. This fluid lubricates the bones in the joints, decreasing friction.: Synovial
fluid
49. What did the sutures in the skull used to be: Fontanelles





, HONDROS BIO 117 - EXAM 2

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50. What tissue is found filling the epiphysis of long bones?: Red Bone Marrow
51. What is the tube called that connects our throat to the middle ear?:
Eustachian Tube
52. Carpals are to wrist as tarsals are to:: Ankle
53. Ribs 8, 9, and 10 are classified as?: False Ribs
54. Intercostal means:: In between the ribs
55. Which bone refers to our "lower jaw"?: Mandible
56. Which bone refers to our "cheek bones": Zygomatic
57. Ribs 11 and 12 are classified as?: Floating Ribs
58. The zygomatic is considered what type of bone?: Facial bone
59. What bone is located on the posterior part of the skull?: Occipital
60 What makes our bones strong and sturdy?: Collagen
61. Adipose tissue is located in which region on the long bone?: Diaphysis
62. Which region of the coxa is most anterior?: Pubis
63. Where would I find the fibula?: Shin (lower leg)
64. The cell that "breaks down" bone, putting calcium into the blood is an::
Osteoclast
65. When our long bones "ossify their epiphyseal plates", this means what?:
We are finished growing
66. Immovable joints are found where: In the Skull
67. Where do we find articular cartilage?: At the ends of our bones
68. Is synovial fluid found at all joints?: No.
69. Actions of Ball-and-socket joints can do: Extension, abduction, and
circumduction
70. Hinge and ball-and-socket joints can BOTH do which motions?: Flexion
and Extension
71. Is the mandible part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: Axial
72. Is the humerus part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: appendicular
skeleton
73. Is the femur part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: Appendicular
74. Is the sacrum part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: Axial
75. Is the radius part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: Appendicular
76. Is the clavicle part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: Appendicular
77. Is the tibia part of the axial or appendicular skeleton?: Appendicular