x
,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
JA JA JA JA JA JA
MULTIPLEJACHOICE
1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagentsJAthatJAinfectJAmulti-cellularJAorganisms
b. noncellularJAparticlesJAthatJAtakeJAoverJAtheJAmetabolismJAofJAaJAcellJAtoJAgenerateJA
morJAeJAvirusparticles
c. pathogensJAthatJAreplicateJAinJAcomplexJAgrowthJAmedia
d. cellularJAparticlesJAthatxbelongxtoJAtheJAarchaeaJAdomain
e. microbesxthatJAconsistxofJAlipidJAmembraneJAenclosedJAgenomes
ANS:J A B DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.AJA|JAI.B
MSC:J A Remembering
2. AnalysisxofJADNAJAsequencesJAreveals:
a. theJAancientJAconvergenceJAofJAtwoJAcellJAtypes,JAi.e.,JAprokaryotesJAandJAeu
kaJAryotes
b. prokaryotesJAandJAeukaryotesxevolvedJAfromJAaJAcommonJAancestralJAcell
c. thatxbacteriaJAshareJAcommonJAancestorJAwithJAarchaea,JAbutJAnotxwithJAeu
kJAarya
d. prokaryotesJAareJAcellsJAwithJAaJAnucleus
e. theJAgenomeJAofJAHaemophilusJAinfluenzaexhasJAaboutJA2JAbillionJAbaseJApair
s
ANS:J A B DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.AJA|JAI.B
MSC:J A Remembering
3. WhichJAofJAtheseJAgroupsJAareJAconsideredJAtoJAbeJAmicrobesJAbutxNOTJAconsideredJAtoxbeJAcells?
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS:J A A DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.A.i
MSC:J A Remembering
4. AJAmicrobeJAisJAcommonlyJAdefinedJAas:
a. aJAvirusJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbeJAseen
b. aJAbacteriumJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbeJAseen
c. aJAsingle-
cellularJAprokaryoteJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopextoJAbeJAseen
d. aJAmulticellularJAeukaryoteJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbeJA
seJAen
e. aJAlivingJAorganismJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbexseen
ANS:J A E DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.A.iJA|JAI.A.ii
MSC:J A Remembering
5. WhichJAoneJAofJAtheJAfollowingJAstatementsJAregardingJAmicrobialJAcellsxisxNOTJAtrue?
a. MicrobialJAcellsJAacquireJAfood,JAgainJAenergyJAtoxbuildJAthemselves,JAandJAres
poJAndJAto
environmentalJAchange.
, b. Mostxsingle-
celledJAorganismsJArequirexaJAmicroscopeJAtoJArenderJAthemJAvisible,JAbutJAso
meJAbacterialJAcellsJAarexlargeJAenoughJAtoJAbexseenJAwithJAnakedJAeyes.
c. MicrobesJAfunctionJAasJAindividualJAentities.
d. ManyJAmicrobesJAformJAcomplexJAmulticellularJAassemblages.
e. VirusesJAareJAnotJAconsideredJAasxmicrobialJAcells.
ANS:J A C DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.A.iJA|JAI.A.ii
MSC:J A Remembering
6. WhichJAofJAtheJAfollowingJAstatementsJAisJAFALSE?
a. AxgenomeJAisJAtheJAtotalJAgeneticJAinformationJAcontainedJAinJAanJAorganism’sJAchromosom
alJADNA.
b. IfJAaJAmicrobe’sxgenomexincludesJAgenesJAforJAnitrogenase,JAthatJAmicrobeJAprobablyJAcanJA
fix
nitrogen.
c. ByJAcomparingJADNAJAsequencesJAofJAdifferentJAorganisms,JAwexcanJAfigureJAoutxhowJAclos
elyJArelatedJAtheyJAare.
d. FredJASangerJAdevelopedJAtheJAfirstxapplicableJADNAJAsequencingJAmethod.
e. FredJASangerJAcompletedJAtheJAsequencesJAofJAHaemophilusJAinfluenzae.
ANS:J A E DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.B
MSC:J A Remembering
7. TheJAfirstJAcellularJAgenomesJAtoJAbeJAsequencedJAwereJAthoseJAof:
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS:J A B DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.B.i
MSC:J A Remembering
8. TheJAenvironmentJAofJAearlyJAEarthJAmayJAhaveJAcontainedJAallJAofJAtheJAfollowingJAEXCEPT:
a. ferrousJAiron d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogenJAgas
c. ammonia
ANS:J A D DIF: Easy
REF:JASpecialJATopicJA1.1TOP:J A II.DJA
MSC:JARemembering
9. TheJAdevelopmentJAofJAtheJAtheoryJAofJAtheJA―RNAJAworld‖JAresultedJAfromJAtheJAdiscoveryJAof:
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS:J A D DIF: Medium
REF:JASpecialJATopicJA1.1TOP:J A II.DJA
MSC:JARemembering
10. WhichJAmicrobesJAmayJAresembleJAthoseJAofJAtheJAearliestJAlifeJAforms?
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosyntheticJAalgae e. protists
c. viruses
ANS:J A A DIF: Medium
REF:JASpecialJATopicJA1.1TOP:J A II.DJA
MSC:JARemembering
11. EarlyJAmetabolismJAmayJAhaveJAbeenJAcatalyzedJAby:
,
,CHAPTER 1: Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery
JA JA JA JA JA JA
MULTIPLEJACHOICE
1. Virusesxare:
a. infectiousxagentsJAthatJAinfectJAmulti-cellularJAorganisms
b. noncellularJAparticlesJAthatJAtakeJAoverJAtheJAmetabolismJAofJAaJAcellJAtoJAgenerateJA
morJAeJAvirusparticles
c. pathogensJAthatJAreplicateJAinJAcomplexJAgrowthJAmedia
d. cellularJAparticlesJAthatxbelongxtoJAtheJAarchaeaJAdomain
e. microbesxthatJAconsistxofJAlipidJAmembraneJAenclosedJAgenomes
ANS:J A B DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.AJA|JAI.B
MSC:J A Remembering
2. AnalysisxofJADNAJAsequencesJAreveals:
a. theJAancientJAconvergenceJAofJAtwoJAcellJAtypes,JAi.e.,JAprokaryotesJAandJAeu
kaJAryotes
b. prokaryotesJAandJAeukaryotesxevolvedJAfromJAaJAcommonJAancestralJAcell
c. thatxbacteriaJAshareJAcommonJAancestorJAwithJAarchaea,JAbutJAnotxwithJAeu
kJAarya
d. prokaryotesJAareJAcellsJAwithJAaJAnucleus
e. theJAgenomeJAofJAHaemophilusJAinfluenzaexhasJAaboutJA2JAbillionJAbaseJApair
s
ANS:J A B DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.AJA|JAI.B
MSC:J A Remembering
3. WhichJAofJAtheseJAgroupsJAareJAconsideredJAtoJAbeJAmicrobesJAbutxNOTJAconsideredJAtoxbeJAcells?
a. viruses d. protists
b. bacteria e. filamentousxfungi
c. archaea
ANS:J A A DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.A.i
MSC:J A Remembering
4. AJAmicrobeJAisJAcommonlyJAdefinedJAas:
a. aJAvirusJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbeJAseen
b. aJAbacteriumJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbeJAseen
c. aJAsingle-
cellularJAprokaryoteJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopextoJAbeJAseen
d. aJAmulticellularJAeukaryoteJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbeJA
seJAen
e. aJAlivingJAorganismJAthatJArequiresJAaJAmicroscopeJAtoJAbexseen
ANS:J A E DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.A.iJA|JAI.A.ii
MSC:J A Remembering
5. WhichJAoneJAofJAtheJAfollowingJAstatementsJAregardingJAmicrobialJAcellsxisxNOTJAtrue?
a. MicrobialJAcellsJAacquireJAfood,JAgainJAenergyJAtoxbuildJAthemselves,JAandJAres
poJAndJAto
environmentalJAchange.
, b. Mostxsingle-
celledJAorganismsJArequirexaJAmicroscopeJAtoJArenderJAthemJAvisible,JAbutJAso
meJAbacterialJAcellsJAarexlargeJAenoughJAtoJAbexseenJAwithJAnakedJAeyes.
c. MicrobesJAfunctionJAasJAindividualJAentities.
d. ManyJAmicrobesJAformJAcomplexJAmulticellularJAassemblages.
e. VirusesJAareJAnotJAconsideredJAasxmicrobialJAcells.
ANS:J A C DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.A.iJA|JAI.A.ii
MSC:J A Remembering
6. WhichJAofJAtheJAfollowingJAstatementsJAisJAFALSE?
a. AxgenomeJAisJAtheJAtotalJAgeneticJAinformationJAcontainedJAinJAanJAorganism’sJAchromosom
alJADNA.
b. IfJAaJAmicrobe’sxgenomexincludesJAgenesJAforJAnitrogenase,JAthatJAmicrobeJAprobablyJAcanJA
fix
nitrogen.
c. ByJAcomparingJADNAJAsequencesJAofJAdifferentJAorganisms,JAwexcanJAfigureJAoutxhowJAclos
elyJArelatedJAtheyJAare.
d. FredJASangerJAdevelopedJAtheJAfirstxapplicableJADNAJAsequencingJAmethod.
e. FredJASangerJAcompletedJAtheJAsequencesJAofJAHaemophilusJAinfluenzae.
ANS:J A E DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.B
MSC:J A Remembering
7. TheJAfirstJAcellularJAgenomesJAtoJAbeJAsequencedJAwereJAthoseJAof:
a. humans d. prions
b. bacteria e. fungi
c. viruses
ANS:J A B DIF: Easy REF:J A 1.1 TOP:J A I.B.i
MSC:J A Remembering
8. TheJAenvironmentJAofJAearlyJAEarthJAmayJAhaveJAcontainedJAallJAofJAtheJAfollowingJAEXCEPT:
a. ferrousJAiron d. oxygen
b. methane e. hydrogenJAgas
c. ammonia
ANS:J A D DIF: Easy
REF:JASpecialJATopicJA1.1TOP:J A II.DJA
MSC:JARemembering
9. TheJAdevelopmentJAofJAtheJAtheoryJAofJAtheJA―RNAJAworld‖JAresultedJAfromJAtheJAdiscoveryJAof:
a. archaea d. ribozymes
b. prions e. endosymbionts
c. bacteria
ANS:J A D DIF: Medium
REF:JASpecialJATopicJA1.1TOP:J A II.DJA
MSC:JARemembering
10. WhichJAmicrobesJAmayJAresembleJAthoseJAofJAtheJAearliestJAlifeJAforms?
a. archaea d. cyanobacteria
b. photosyntheticJAalgae e. protists
c. viruses
ANS:J A A DIF: Medium
REF:JASpecialJATopicJA1.1TOP:J A II.DJA
MSC:JARemembering
11. EarlyJAmetabolismJAmayJAhaveJAbeenJAcatalyzedJAby:
