Conceptual Actual Emended Exam Questions
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1. What is aphakia? - ANSWER Absence of the eye's natural lens
2. What causes aphakia? - ANSWER Surgery, trauma, or congenital
anomaly
3. What are the visual consequences of aphakia? - ANSWER Hyperopia,
loss of accommodation, deep anterior chamber
4. Why are spectacles not ideal for aphakia? - ANSWER Cause 30 percent
magnification, restricted peripheral vision, and ring scotomas
5. What are three major benefits of contact lenses for aphakia? - ANSWER
Reduce magnification, eliminate VF restrictions, improve cosmetics
6. What are challenges of soft lenses in pediatric aphakia? - ANSWER Not
available in +20 D or higher, lens thickness >1 mm, low Dk materials
7. What are benefits of GP lenses in aphakia? - ANSWER High oxygen
permeability, good vision, durable, cost-effective
,8. What are drawbacks of GP lenses in pediatric aphakia? - ANSWER
Comfort issues, easy displacement, custom fitting challenges
9. Which lens type is often preferred for pediatric aphakia? - ANSWER
Silicone elastomer lenses like Silsoft
10.What is the Dk value of Silsoft? - ANSWER 340
11.Why is Silsoft good for pediatrics? - ANSWER High Dk, extended wear,
comfort, easy handling, less displacement
12.What are downsides of Silsoft lenses? - ANSWER High cost, limited
powers, lipid deposits, may fit too tightly
13.What methods are used to determine CL power in aphakia? - ANSWER
Retinoscopy, loose lenses, lens bar, effective power formula
14.What is the effective power formula? - ANSWER Pc = Ps divided by 1
minus d times Ps
15.Why are lenses often over-plussed in pediatric aphakia? - ANSWER
Young children focus on near tasks
,16.Should fluorescein be used in aphakia fitting? - ANSWER Yes, unless
using hydrogel lenses
17.What is the average axial length of infant eyes? - ANSWER 9.8 mm
18.How steep are infant corneas typically? - ANSWER Around 47 diopters
19.What ocular anatomical features make fitting challenging in infants? -
ANSWER Small apertures, small pupils, tight lids
20.What features are needed in aphakic infant lenses? - ANSWER Small
size, steep BC, high power, high oxygen permeability
21.How should you describe soft lens sensation to children? - ANSWER
Mild tickling
22.What should be explained when fitting GP lenses? - ANSWER Initial
awareness from lid contact
23.What fitting strategy helps ensure early success? - ANSWER Empirical
fitting
24.What can improve comfort during fitting? - ANSWER Topical anesthetic,
optimized lens design
, 25.How should infants be positioned for lens insertion? - ANSWER Cradled
in arms, lids held open
26.What tool may be needed for tight lids in infants? - ANSWER Speculum
27.What is often required for toddlers (1.5-4 years)? - ANSWER Restraint
like papoose board or blanket
28.How can older children (>5 years) be encouraged? - ANSWER Show the
lens, let them handle it, use praise
29.What is the universal lens removal method? - ANSWER Use both hands
to press lid margins against the eye
30.What tool may assist in difficult lens removal? - ANSWER Suction cup
31.What should parents know about their child's CL treatment? - ANSWER
Condition, prognosis, care, follow-up schedule
32.What skills should parents develop? - ANSWER Lens handling and
cleaning
33.At what age do kids usually need help with lens care? - ANSWER Under
age 11