TNCC FINAL EXAM TEST2025| COMPLETE EXAM SET
(QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS)FREQUENTLY MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS | ALREADY PASSED!!
Question 1
Why is a measure of serum lactate obtained in the initial assessment of the
trauma patient?
A) To measure oxygenation and ventilation.
B) To quantify the base deficit for the adequacy of cellular perfusion.
C) To determine the underlying cause of shock.
D) To assess liver function.
E) To gauge end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia.
Correct Answer: E) To gauge end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia.
Rationale: Serum lactate levels rise when tissues are not receiving
enough oxygen (hypoxia), indicating inadequate perfusion at the
cellular level and potential organ dysfunction.
Question 2
A trauma patient is restless and repeatedly asking "where am I?". Vital signs
upon arrival were BP 100/60 mm Hg, HR 96 beats/min, and RR 24
breaths/min. Her skin is cool and dry. Current vital signs are BP 104/84 mm
Hg, HR 108, RR 28 breaths/min. The patient is demonstrating signs and
symptoms of which stage of shock?
A) Progressive
B) Irreversible
C) Decompensated
D) Initial
,E) Compensated
Correct Answer: E) Compensated
Rationale: In compensated shock, the body's compensatory
mechanisms (increased HR, RR, and maintenance of BP, possibly
with narrowed pulse pressure) are working to maintain perfusion.
Restlessness and confusion are early signs of cerebral hypoxia in
this stage.
Question 3
An elderly patient with a history of anticoagulant use presents after a fall at
home that day. She denies any loss of consciousness. She has a hematoma
to her forehead and complains of headache, dizziness, and nausea. Which is
a most likely cause of her symptoms?
A) Epidural hematoma
B) Diffuse axonal injury
C) Post-concussive syndrome
D) Intracerebral hemorrhage
E) Subdural hematoma
Correct Answer: E) Subdural hematoma
Rationale: Subdural hematomas are common in elderly patients,
especially those on anticoagulants, due to the tearing of bridging
veins. Symptoms can be insidious and present hours to days after
the injury.
, Question 4
EMS brings a patient who fell riding his bicycle. Using the American College
of Surgeons screening guidelines, which assessment finding would prompt
the nurse to prepare the patient for radiologic spine clearance?
A) Alert with no neurologic deficits.
B) Multiple abrasions to the extremities.
C) Multiple requests of water.
D) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 15.
E) Smell of alcohol on breath.
Correct Answer: E) Smell of alcohol on breath.
Rationale: Impaired mentation (e.g., due to intoxication) can obscure
pain or neurologic deficits, making clinical clearance of the spine
unreliable. In such cases, radiologic clearance (e.g., CT scan) is
necessary.
Question 5
Which of the following occurs during the third impact of a motor vehicle
crash?
A) The vehicle collides with a tree.
B) The driver of the vehicle collides with the steering wheel.
C) The airbag deploys and strikes the front seat passenger.
D) The seatbelt engages, causing bruising.
E) The aorta is torn at its attachment with the ligamentum
arteriosum.
(QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS)FREQUENTLY MOST
TESTED QUESTIONS | ALREADY PASSED!!
Question 1
Why is a measure of serum lactate obtained in the initial assessment of the
trauma patient?
A) To measure oxygenation and ventilation.
B) To quantify the base deficit for the adequacy of cellular perfusion.
C) To determine the underlying cause of shock.
D) To assess liver function.
E) To gauge end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia.
Correct Answer: E) To gauge end-organ perfusion and tissue hypoxia.
Rationale: Serum lactate levels rise when tissues are not receiving
enough oxygen (hypoxia), indicating inadequate perfusion at the
cellular level and potential organ dysfunction.
Question 2
A trauma patient is restless and repeatedly asking "where am I?". Vital signs
upon arrival were BP 100/60 mm Hg, HR 96 beats/min, and RR 24
breaths/min. Her skin is cool and dry. Current vital signs are BP 104/84 mm
Hg, HR 108, RR 28 breaths/min. The patient is demonstrating signs and
symptoms of which stage of shock?
A) Progressive
B) Irreversible
C) Decompensated
D) Initial
,E) Compensated
Correct Answer: E) Compensated
Rationale: In compensated shock, the body's compensatory
mechanisms (increased HR, RR, and maintenance of BP, possibly
with narrowed pulse pressure) are working to maintain perfusion.
Restlessness and confusion are early signs of cerebral hypoxia in
this stage.
Question 3
An elderly patient with a history of anticoagulant use presents after a fall at
home that day. She denies any loss of consciousness. She has a hematoma
to her forehead and complains of headache, dizziness, and nausea. Which is
a most likely cause of her symptoms?
A) Epidural hematoma
B) Diffuse axonal injury
C) Post-concussive syndrome
D) Intracerebral hemorrhage
E) Subdural hematoma
Correct Answer: E) Subdural hematoma
Rationale: Subdural hematomas are common in elderly patients,
especially those on anticoagulants, due to the tearing of bridging
veins. Symptoms can be insidious and present hours to days after
the injury.
, Question 4
EMS brings a patient who fell riding his bicycle. Using the American College
of Surgeons screening guidelines, which assessment finding would prompt
the nurse to prepare the patient for radiologic spine clearance?
A) Alert with no neurologic deficits.
B) Multiple abrasions to the extremities.
C) Multiple requests of water.
D) Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 15.
E) Smell of alcohol on breath.
Correct Answer: E) Smell of alcohol on breath.
Rationale: Impaired mentation (e.g., due to intoxication) can obscure
pain or neurologic deficits, making clinical clearance of the spine
unreliable. In such cases, radiologic clearance (e.g., CT scan) is
necessary.
Question 5
Which of the following occurs during the third impact of a motor vehicle
crash?
A) The vehicle collides with a tree.
B) The driver of the vehicle collides with the steering wheel.
C) The airbag deploys and strikes the front seat passenger.
D) The seatbelt engages, causing bruising.
E) The aorta is torn at its attachment with the ligamentum
arteriosum.
