LCC - Psychology Exam 1 (Introduction to Psychology) Questions And Verified Answers Guaranteed Pass

Psychology - correct answers the science of behavior and mental processes Goal of Psychology - correct answers to understand, predict, & sometimes control behavior Wilhelm Wundt - correct answers German physiologist who founded psychology as a formal science; opened first psychology research laboratory in 1879 William James - correct answers opposite of Wundt functionalism - focus on how behaviors help us adapt to the environment Functionalism Psychology - correct answers A school of psychology that focused on how our mental and behavioral processes function - how they enable us to adapt, survive, and flourish. Psychology Perspectives - correct answers psychoanalytic, behavioral, cognitive, biological, sociocultural, Biological Perspective - correct answers A psychological approach that emphasizes bodily events and changes associated with actions, feelings, and thoughts. Focuses - individual neurons, areas of the brain, specific functions like eating, emotions or learning Evolutionary Perspective - correct answers the theory that seeks to identify behavior that is a result of our genetic inheritance from our ancestors Psychodynamic Perspective - correct answers modern version of psychoanalysis that is more focused on the development of a sense of self and the discovery of other motivations behind a person's behavior than sexual motivations Cross-cultural Psychology - correct answers branch of psychology that studies the effects of culture on behavior and mental processes Behavioral Psychology - correct answers the scientific study of observable behavior, and its explanation by principles of learning (ex. using pouting to get your away) Humanisitic Psychology - correct answers historically significant perspective that emphasized the growth potential of healthy people and the individual's potential for personal growth. We determine out destiny Subfield of psychology - correct answer san area of research that focuses on a specific set of influences on behavior. Clinical Experimental Clincal Psychology - correct answers a branch of psychology that studies, assesses, and treats people with psychological disorders Psychiatry - correct answers a branch of medicine dealing with psychological disorders; practiced by physicians who sometimes provide medical (for example, drug) treatments as well as psychological therapy Industrial Psychologist - correct answers a psychologist who uses psychological concepts to make the workplace a more satisfying environment for employees and managers Personality Psychologists - correct answers Psychologists who study the characteristics that make individuals similar to, or different from, one another Cognitive Psychologists - correct answers psychologists who study the way people think, remember, and mentally organize information Human factors Psychology - correct answers the study of how people and machines interact and the design of safe and easily used machines and environments Educational Psychology - correct answers the study of how psychological processes affect and can enhance teaching and learning Developmental Psychology - correct answers a branch of psychology that studies physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span Social Psychology - correct answers the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another Why is psychology a science? - correct answers It uses the scientific method Scientific Method - correct answers A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions. Theory - correct answers an explanation using an integrated set of principles that organizes observations and predicts behaviors or events Hypothesis - correct answers A testable prediction, often implied by a theory operational definition - correct answers a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study survey - correct answers the collection of data by having people answer a series of questions natural selection - correct answers collect data by observing & recording behavior w/out causing any interference. case study - correct answers in dept analysis of a single case or several closely related cases longitudinal study - correct answers research in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period cross-sectional study - correct answers a study in which people of different ages are compared with one another correlational research - correct answers Research that examines the relationships between variables, whose purpose is to examine whether and how two variables change together. CANNOT make claim of cause and effect positive correlation - correct answers A correlation where as one variable increases, the other also increases, or as one decreases so does the other. Both variables move in the same direction. negative correlation - correct answers as one variable increases, the other decreases What is the best method to determine cause and effect? - correct answers Experiment sample size - correct answers The number of subjects used in an experiment or study, portion of a larger group randomized - correct answers A controlled medical experiment in which subjects are randomly chosen to receive either an experimental treatment or a standard treatment (or placebo). Variable - correct answers A factor that can change in an experiment independent variable - correct answers The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied. dependent variable - correct answers The measurable effect, outcome, or response in which the research is interested. confound variable - correct answers a factor other than the independent variable that might produce an effect in an experiment IOW-factors that are possible cause of a phenomenon & that interfere with accurate measurements of the cause factor under study extraneous variable - correct answers Something unwanted or unexpected that might affect the dependent variable. experimental group - correct answers In an experiment, the group that is exposed to the treatment, that is, to one version of the independent variable. control group - correct answers In an experiment, the group that is not exposed to the treatment; contrasts with the experimental group and serves as a comparison for evaluating the effect of the treatment. placebo effect - correct answers the phenomenon in which the expectations of the participants in a study can influence their behavior experimenter effect - correct answers tendency of the experimenter's expectations for a study to unintentionally influence the results of the study double-blind experiment - correct answers an experiment in which neither the experimenter nor the participants know which participants received which treatment social desirability bias - correct answers the tendency to respond to questions in a socially desirable manner informed consent - correct answers A written agreement to participate in a study made by an adult who has been informed of all the risks that participation may entail. voluntary participant - correct answers person who chooses to be in a study debrief - correct answers to explain the purposes and methods of a completed procedure to a participant debrief - correct answers