8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM
Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |
2025\2026 Latest!!
Save
Terms in this set (300)
1. Reduced physiological reserve of most body
systems, esp. cardiac, resp, renal.
What are the 3 primary 2. Reduced homeostatic mechanisms that fail to adjust
physiological changes of regulatory systems (i.e. temp control, fluid/lyte
aging? balance, etc.).
3. Impaired immunological function (infection risk is
greater, autoimmune dz's more prevalent)
What is the preferred 30min/day 5 days/wk of moderate exercise.
amount of exercise for
elderly? If trying to lose wt: 60min/day.
Group of tests that provide quantifiable measurement
What are PFTs? of lung function, used to dx resp abnormalities or
assess progression/resolution of lung dz.
What is FEV1? Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (80-120%)
What is FVC? Forced Vital Capacity (80-120%)
What is normal FEV1/FVC <0.7 (70%)
ratio?
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,8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
Mild
What is GOLD 1 criteria?
FEV1 >/= 80% predicted
Moderate
What is GOLD 2 criteria?
FEV1 50-79% predicted
Severe
What is GOLD 3 criteria?
FEV1 30-49% predicted
Very severe
What is GOLD 4 criteria?
FEV1 <30% predicted
Dyspnea
What are the signal Chronic cough w/sputum
symptoms of COPD? Decreased activity tolerance
Wheezing
Common, preventable, treatable.
Characterized by persistent airflow limitation.
Usually progressive, associated with enhanced
What are characteristics of chronic inflammatory response in airways and lungs to
COPD? noxious particles/gases
Airway fibrosis, luminal plugs, airway inflammation,
increased airway resistance, small airway dz.
Decreased elastic recoil of alveoli.
Smoking (increasing w/number of pack years)
What are risk factors for Second hand smoke
COPD? Environmental pollution (endotoxins, coal dust,
mineral dust)
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,8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
May be normal in early states
As severity progresses: lung hyperinflation,
What is seen on phys decreased breath sounds, wheezes at bases, distant
exam in COPD? heart tones (b/c of hyperinflation, so S1/S2 sounds off
in distance), accessory muscle use, pursed lip
breathing, increased expiratory phase, neck vein
distention.
Spirometry is gold standard (pre and post
How is COPD diagnosed? bronchodilator).
Irreversible airflow limitation is hallmark.
Bronchodilators: beta agonists (long/short),
How is COPD treated?
anticholinergics (long/short), or combo.
What is the MOA of beta Stimulates beta-2-adrenergic receptors, increasing
agonists? cyclic AMP, resulting in relaxing airways.
What is the MOA of Block the effect of acetylcholine on muscarinic type 3
anticholinergics? receptors, resulting in bronchodilation.
They are for moderate airflow limitation.
Why are long-acting beta
agonists prescribed for
They relieve symptoms, increase exercise tolerance,
COPD?
reduce number of exacerbations, improve QOL.
CHF
Hyperventilation syndrome
What are some non
Panic attacks
pulmonary diagnoses that
Vocal cord dysfunction
result in COPD-type
Obstructive sleep apnea
symptoms?
Aspergillosis
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Wheezing
What are signal symptoms Shortness of breath
of asthma? Cough (esp at night)
Chest tightness
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, 8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
Daily chronic cough w/increased sputum for at least 3
consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
What is chronic
bronchitis? Usually worse on wakening.
May or may not be associated with COPD.
Characterized by obstruction to airflow caused by
abnormal airspace enlargement distal to terminal
bronchioles.
What is emphysema?
Chronic inflammation/remodeling, trapping air,
hindering effective O2/CO2 exchange (all due to
inflammatory mediators infiltrating airways).
Chest pain
What are signal symptoms
Chest tightness
of ischemic heart dz?
Chest discomfort
Imbalance between supply and demand for blood
What is ischemic heart dz?
flow to myocardium
Cough
Dyspnea
What are signal symptoms
Wt loss
of lung CA?
Anorexia
Hemoptysis
Malignant neoplasm originating in parenchyma of
What is lung CA?
lung/airways
Prolonged CP (>20min duration)
SOB
What are signal symptoms
Confusion
of MI?
Weakness
Worsening HF
Necrosis of heart tissue caused by lack of blood and
What is an MI?
O2 supply to the heart
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NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM
Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |
2025\2026 Latest!!
Save
Terms in this set (300)
1. Reduced physiological reserve of most body
systems, esp. cardiac, resp, renal.
What are the 3 primary 2. Reduced homeostatic mechanisms that fail to adjust
physiological changes of regulatory systems (i.e. temp control, fluid/lyte
aging? balance, etc.).
3. Impaired immunological function (infection risk is
greater, autoimmune dz's more prevalent)
What is the preferred 30min/day 5 days/wk of moderate exercise.
amount of exercise for
elderly? If trying to lose wt: 60min/day.
Group of tests that provide quantifiable measurement
What are PFTs? of lung function, used to dx resp abnormalities or
assess progression/resolution of lung dz.
What is FEV1? Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (80-120%)
What is FVC? Forced Vital Capacity (80-120%)
What is normal FEV1/FVC <0.7 (70%)
ratio?
https://quizlet.com/1065656105/nr-601-additional-midterm-information-exam-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-20252026-latest-flash-cards/?… 1/49
,8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
Mild
What is GOLD 1 criteria?
FEV1 >/= 80% predicted
Moderate
What is GOLD 2 criteria?
FEV1 50-79% predicted
Severe
What is GOLD 3 criteria?
FEV1 30-49% predicted
Very severe
What is GOLD 4 criteria?
FEV1 <30% predicted
Dyspnea
What are the signal Chronic cough w/sputum
symptoms of COPD? Decreased activity tolerance
Wheezing
Common, preventable, treatable.
Characterized by persistent airflow limitation.
Usually progressive, associated with enhanced
What are characteristics of chronic inflammatory response in airways and lungs to
COPD? noxious particles/gases
Airway fibrosis, luminal plugs, airway inflammation,
increased airway resistance, small airway dz.
Decreased elastic recoil of alveoli.
Smoking (increasing w/number of pack years)
What are risk factors for Second hand smoke
COPD? Environmental pollution (endotoxins, coal dust,
mineral dust)
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,8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
May be normal in early states
As severity progresses: lung hyperinflation,
What is seen on phys decreased breath sounds, wheezes at bases, distant
exam in COPD? heart tones (b/c of hyperinflation, so S1/S2 sounds off
in distance), accessory muscle use, pursed lip
breathing, increased expiratory phase, neck vein
distention.
Spirometry is gold standard (pre and post
How is COPD diagnosed? bronchodilator).
Irreversible airflow limitation is hallmark.
Bronchodilators: beta agonists (long/short),
How is COPD treated?
anticholinergics (long/short), or combo.
What is the MOA of beta Stimulates beta-2-adrenergic receptors, increasing
agonists? cyclic AMP, resulting in relaxing airways.
What is the MOA of Block the effect of acetylcholine on muscarinic type 3
anticholinergics? receptors, resulting in bronchodilation.
They are for moderate airflow limitation.
Why are long-acting beta
agonists prescribed for
They relieve symptoms, increase exercise tolerance,
COPD?
reduce number of exacerbations, improve QOL.
CHF
Hyperventilation syndrome
What are some non
Panic attacks
pulmonary diagnoses that
Vocal cord dysfunction
result in COPD-type
Obstructive sleep apnea
symptoms?
Aspergillosis
Chronic fatigue syndrome
Wheezing
What are signal symptoms Shortness of breath
of asthma? Cough (esp at night)
Chest tightness
https://quizlet.com/1065656105/nr-601-additional-midterm-information-exam-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-20252026-latest-flash-cards/?… 3/49
, 8/14/25, 7:37 AM NR 601 additional midterm information EXAM Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions | 2025\2026 Latest!! Flashcards | Qui…
Daily chronic cough w/increased sputum for at least 3
consecutive months in at least 2 consecutive years.
What is chronic
bronchitis? Usually worse on wakening.
May or may not be associated with COPD.
Characterized by obstruction to airflow caused by
abnormal airspace enlargement distal to terminal
bronchioles.
What is emphysema?
Chronic inflammation/remodeling, trapping air,
hindering effective O2/CO2 exchange (all due to
inflammatory mediators infiltrating airways).
Chest pain
What are signal symptoms
Chest tightness
of ischemic heart dz?
Chest discomfort
Imbalance between supply and demand for blood
What is ischemic heart dz?
flow to myocardium
Cough
Dyspnea
What are signal symptoms
Wt loss
of lung CA?
Anorexia
Hemoptysis
Malignant neoplasm originating in parenchyma of
What is lung CA?
lung/airways
Prolonged CP (>20min duration)
SOB
What are signal symptoms
Confusion
of MI?
Weakness
Worsening HF
Necrosis of heart tissue caused by lack of blood and
What is an MI?
O2 supply to the heart
https://quizlet.com/1065656105/nr-601-additional-midterm-information-exam-questions-answers-100-verified-solutions-20252026-latest-flash-cards/?… 4/49
