NCHP exam 3
an interactive guide to healthful eating
myplate
and active living
myplate fruits and vegetables half of the plate
myplate grains make half of your grains whole grains
myplate protein foods vary your protein routine
myplate dairy and fortified soy alterna- move to low-fat or fat-free dairy milk or
tives yogurt
myplate fruit amount 2 cups
my plate vegetable amount 2.5 cups
myplate grains amount 6 oz
myplate protein amount 5.5 oz
myplate dairy amount 3 cups
developmental needs and alternative
factors influencing nutrition
food patterns
developmental needs of nutrition - in- breastfeeding, formula, introduction to
fants solid foods
developmental needs of nutrition - young
pregnancy and lactation
and middle adults
alternative food patterns religious, cultural, vegetarian
modifications of the normal diet and are
therapeutic diets used to improve specific health condi-
tions
rest prior to eating (30 min), upright
sitting position (90 degrees), flex head
feeding strategies for preventing aspira- slightly, eat from stronger side if 1 side is
tion and for those with dysphagia affected, speech therapist to determine
viscosity of food, ask staff if the patient
uses thickener and is it usually on tray
thicker fluids easier to swallow
1 cup ice chips melted 0.5 cup water
urinary assessment questions
, NCHP exam 3
pattern of urination, s/s, onset and du-
ration, severity, predisposing factors, ef-
fects on patient
color, clarity, odor, amount, pH, specific
urine characteristics
gravity
urine color: pale, straw to amber normal
urine color: dark red bleeding from kidneys or ureters
bleeding from bladder/urethra; foods:
urine color: bright red
beets, blackberries
urine color: dark amber high bilirubin levels; liver dysfunction
normal urine clarity transparent
cloudy or foamy urine clarity kidney disease
thick and cloudy urine clarity bacteria
urine normal odor ammonia
urine more strong odor more concentrated
urine sweet or fruity odor diabetes, starvation
normal adult urine output amount 800-2000 mL/24 hours
normal adult urine output rate 0.5 mL/kg/hour
normal child urine output rate 1 to 1.5 mL/kg/hour
normal newborn urine output rate 2 mL/kg/hour
normal urine pH 4.6-8 (6 is average)
acidic - acidosis, starvation, dehydration,
urine pH <7
diet high in meat or cranberries
basic - infection, diet high in citrus/veg-
urine pH >7
gies
normal urine specific gravity 1.005-1.030
concentrated urine - dehydration, re-
high urine specific gravity
duced renal blood flow, increased ADH
dilute urine - over hydration, early renal
low urine specific gravity
disease, inadequate ADH
an interactive guide to healthful eating
myplate
and active living
myplate fruits and vegetables half of the plate
myplate grains make half of your grains whole grains
myplate protein foods vary your protein routine
myplate dairy and fortified soy alterna- move to low-fat or fat-free dairy milk or
tives yogurt
myplate fruit amount 2 cups
my plate vegetable amount 2.5 cups
myplate grains amount 6 oz
myplate protein amount 5.5 oz
myplate dairy amount 3 cups
developmental needs and alternative
factors influencing nutrition
food patterns
developmental needs of nutrition - in- breastfeeding, formula, introduction to
fants solid foods
developmental needs of nutrition - young
pregnancy and lactation
and middle adults
alternative food patterns religious, cultural, vegetarian
modifications of the normal diet and are
therapeutic diets used to improve specific health condi-
tions
rest prior to eating (30 min), upright
sitting position (90 degrees), flex head
feeding strategies for preventing aspira- slightly, eat from stronger side if 1 side is
tion and for those with dysphagia affected, speech therapist to determine
viscosity of food, ask staff if the patient
uses thickener and is it usually on tray
thicker fluids easier to swallow
1 cup ice chips melted 0.5 cup water
urinary assessment questions
, NCHP exam 3
pattern of urination, s/s, onset and du-
ration, severity, predisposing factors, ef-
fects on patient
color, clarity, odor, amount, pH, specific
urine characteristics
gravity
urine color: pale, straw to amber normal
urine color: dark red bleeding from kidneys or ureters
bleeding from bladder/urethra; foods:
urine color: bright red
beets, blackberries
urine color: dark amber high bilirubin levels; liver dysfunction
normal urine clarity transparent
cloudy or foamy urine clarity kidney disease
thick and cloudy urine clarity bacteria
urine normal odor ammonia
urine more strong odor more concentrated
urine sweet or fruity odor diabetes, starvation
normal adult urine output amount 800-2000 mL/24 hours
normal adult urine output rate 0.5 mL/kg/hour
normal child urine output rate 1 to 1.5 mL/kg/hour
normal newborn urine output rate 2 mL/kg/hour
normal urine pH 4.6-8 (6 is average)
acidic - acidosis, starvation, dehydration,
urine pH <7
diet high in meat or cranberries
basic - infection, diet high in citrus/veg-
urine pH >7
gies
normal urine specific gravity 1.005-1.030
concentrated urine - dehydration, re-
high urine specific gravity
duced renal blood flow, increased ADH
dilute urine - over hydration, early renal
low urine specific gravity
disease, inadequate ADH
