NIU NURS 304- Final exam Questions
with Accurate Answers
How do you screen for substance abuse? (drinking) - ANSWERSMake sure the setting
is private, confidential, and nonfonfrontational.
Be open like "Do you sometimes drink beer, wine, or other alcoholic beverages?" and if
yes, then how many times in the past year have you had five or more drinks a day? (4
for women)
"How many times a week do you have a drink? On a typical drinking day how much do
you drink?" The AUDIT test helps detect less severe drinking problems. (Covers alcohol
consumption, drinking behavior or dependence, averse consequences from alcohol)
Or you can you CAGE (Cut down(have you ever felt the need to cut down)
Annoyed(have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking) Guilty (have you ever
felt guilty about how much you drink) Eye-opener (do you feel like you need a drink right
away in the morning?))
How do you screen for substance abuse? Other drugs - ANSWERSDo you sometimes
take illicit drugs or street drugs, such as marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens, narcotics?"
If yes, ask, "When was last time you used drugs, and how much did you take that time?"
How to help
"You are drinking more than is medically safe."
Relate to the person's concerns and medical findings, if present: "I strongly recommend
that you cut down, or quit, and I'm willing to help."
How do you screen for intimate partner violence? - ANSWERSAsking every woman at
every health care encounter if she has been abused by a husband, boyfriend, or other
intimate partner or ex-partner
Ask if they are ever afraid of their partner when they argue, do they ever try to
emotionally hurt/abuse you?, do they try and control you? Who you see, where you go,
etc. Have you ever been hit? and forceful sex when you did not want to participate?
With any yes say, thank you for sharing, can you tell me about the last time. Ask if they
think they are safe, if they need a way to get out. They may be in denial and think it's
not a problem or they may be afraid to leave. Make sure that they know the abuse is not
their fault!
What should you teach a patient about breast self-examination? - ANSWERSTo do
them once a mouth 5-7 days after the start of your period. Stress that self exam will help
the woman to familiarize themselves with their breasts and any variability .
Men have to do the exams too
, How to: stand in front of mirror before/after shower. Palpate in the shower, start by the
armpit and feel your way down and up across the breast to the chest. (should feel
smooth, firm, elastic). Have them sit forward, with the breast in one hand, and palpate
from the top
Tail of spence is where most of the cancer is.
What are some general tips for assessment? - ANSWERSensure privacy, ask open
ended questions, other little things
What would you find on assessment of someone with asthma? - ANSWERSAsthma is
the constriction of the airways so they might have an inspiratory wheeze or crackles
What is the pathophysiology of pneumonia? What would you find of assessment? -
ANSWERSIt is an overload of fluid and mucus that the patient can't cough up so it just
leads to a lot of congestion and they can't breathe right. could percuss a dull sound
What is the pathophysiology of atelectasis? - ANSWERScollapsed atelecti, cough and
deep breathing will help them to open back up. If they are collapsed breath sounds will
be decreased or absent
What is the pathophysiology of heart failure? What would you find on assessment? -
ANSWERSHeart doesn't pump=blood backs up. Could back up into the lungs= crackles
in the lungs
What developmental considerations should you think about during assessment of the
respiratory system? - ANSWERSInfants/Children-
Infants are nose breathers until the age of 3 months, Count respirations for a full minute,
Watch for grunting, nasal flaring, & retracting as evidence of respiratory distress
Older adult- Increased Anterior-Posterior diameter, Kyphosis common, Chest expansion
may be decreased (muscle strength declines after 50 and continues into 70's, elastic
properties decrease...making lungs lose tendency to collapse and recoil)
Decreased number of alveoli Results in decreased O2 exchange
What are some adventitious breath sounds? - ANSWERSPleural Friction Rub
low pitch, grating, heard on inspiration and expiration, i.e. pleuritis
Wheeze
High pitched: musical, squeaking sound, usually expiration; asthma
Low pitched: snoring, inspiration and expiration
Atelectasis - a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung — develops when
the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated. It is one of the most common
breathing (respiratory) complications after surgery.
Stridor - high- pitched, crowing sound, louder in neck than chest wall, i.e. croup, acute
epiglottis in children, obstructed airway
with Accurate Answers
How do you screen for substance abuse? (drinking) - ANSWERSMake sure the setting
is private, confidential, and nonfonfrontational.
Be open like "Do you sometimes drink beer, wine, or other alcoholic beverages?" and if
yes, then how many times in the past year have you had five or more drinks a day? (4
for women)
"How many times a week do you have a drink? On a typical drinking day how much do
you drink?" The AUDIT test helps detect less severe drinking problems. (Covers alcohol
consumption, drinking behavior or dependence, averse consequences from alcohol)
Or you can you CAGE (Cut down(have you ever felt the need to cut down)
Annoyed(have people annoyed you by criticizing your drinking) Guilty (have you ever
felt guilty about how much you drink) Eye-opener (do you feel like you need a drink right
away in the morning?))
How do you screen for substance abuse? Other drugs - ANSWERSDo you sometimes
take illicit drugs or street drugs, such as marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens, narcotics?"
If yes, ask, "When was last time you used drugs, and how much did you take that time?"
How to help
"You are drinking more than is medically safe."
Relate to the person's concerns and medical findings, if present: "I strongly recommend
that you cut down, or quit, and I'm willing to help."
How do you screen for intimate partner violence? - ANSWERSAsking every woman at
every health care encounter if she has been abused by a husband, boyfriend, or other
intimate partner or ex-partner
Ask if they are ever afraid of their partner when they argue, do they ever try to
emotionally hurt/abuse you?, do they try and control you? Who you see, where you go,
etc. Have you ever been hit? and forceful sex when you did not want to participate?
With any yes say, thank you for sharing, can you tell me about the last time. Ask if they
think they are safe, if they need a way to get out. They may be in denial and think it's
not a problem or they may be afraid to leave. Make sure that they know the abuse is not
their fault!
What should you teach a patient about breast self-examination? - ANSWERSTo do
them once a mouth 5-7 days after the start of your period. Stress that self exam will help
the woman to familiarize themselves with their breasts and any variability .
Men have to do the exams too
, How to: stand in front of mirror before/after shower. Palpate in the shower, start by the
armpit and feel your way down and up across the breast to the chest. (should feel
smooth, firm, elastic). Have them sit forward, with the breast in one hand, and palpate
from the top
Tail of spence is where most of the cancer is.
What are some general tips for assessment? - ANSWERSensure privacy, ask open
ended questions, other little things
What would you find on assessment of someone with asthma? - ANSWERSAsthma is
the constriction of the airways so they might have an inspiratory wheeze or crackles
What is the pathophysiology of pneumonia? What would you find of assessment? -
ANSWERSIt is an overload of fluid and mucus that the patient can't cough up so it just
leads to a lot of congestion and they can't breathe right. could percuss a dull sound
What is the pathophysiology of atelectasis? - ANSWERScollapsed atelecti, cough and
deep breathing will help them to open back up. If they are collapsed breath sounds will
be decreased or absent
What is the pathophysiology of heart failure? What would you find on assessment? -
ANSWERSHeart doesn't pump=blood backs up. Could back up into the lungs= crackles
in the lungs
What developmental considerations should you think about during assessment of the
respiratory system? - ANSWERSInfants/Children-
Infants are nose breathers until the age of 3 months, Count respirations for a full minute,
Watch for grunting, nasal flaring, & retracting as evidence of respiratory distress
Older adult- Increased Anterior-Posterior diameter, Kyphosis common, Chest expansion
may be decreased (muscle strength declines after 50 and continues into 70's, elastic
properties decrease...making lungs lose tendency to collapse and recoil)
Decreased number of alveoli Results in decreased O2 exchange
What are some adventitious breath sounds? - ANSWERSPleural Friction Rub
low pitch, grating, heard on inspiration and expiration, i.e. pleuritis
Wheeze
High pitched: musical, squeaking sound, usually expiration; asthma
Low pitched: snoring, inspiration and expiration
Atelectasis - a complete or partial collapse of a lung or lobe of a lung — develops when
the tiny air sacs (alveoli) within the lung become deflated. It is one of the most common
breathing (respiratory) complications after surgery.
Stridor - high- pitched, crowing sound, louder in neck than chest wall, i.e. croup, acute
epiglottis in children, obstructed airway
