PSYC 1004 Exam 4 Questions with 100% Correct Answers
Social Cognition - -the thoughts we have navigate their environment
about the stimuli in our environment, which
typically arise when a schema is activated
Affiliation - -Connecting with others you
identify with in some way
Schemas - -Mental categories our brain
uses to quickly make a judgment about our
surroundings in order to save processing power. In-Group - -A group with which an
At their most basic level, they help us assess our individual is affiliated
approach to stimuli, and more complex schemas
can infer personality characteristics of people
around us and suggest how we should act. Out-Group - -A group an individual believes
s/he is not a part of nor affiliated with in particular
ways
Social Cognitive Biases - -A reliance on
schemas to make assumptions about social
situations; they are often incomplete but have Intergroup Bias - -The tendency to favor an
solidified over time and become a bias in-group (with which we identify) and undervalue
out-groups (those with which we do not identify)
Attribution - -An assumption of why a
person is acting a certain way In-Group Favoritism - -Believing our in-
group is better than certain out-groups, and
benefitting that in-group through thoughts and/or
Fundamental Attribution Error - -Attributing actions
a person's behavior to what we assume to be
his/her personality rather than factors outside of
that individual (e.g., the situation) Group-Serving Bias - -Accepting positive
aspects of our in-group despite evidence that
contradicts these beliefs
Self-Serving Bias - -Taking credit for our
successes and blaming failures on situational
factors in order to maintain a positive view of Attraction - -Feeling interested or drawn to
ourselves another person as a result of the individual's
characteristics (i.e., physical, intellectual, or
emotional) or social standing (i.e., popularity,
Cognitive Load - -The notion that people power, or affiliation)
can only process so much information at once,
given their capabilities and the amount/intensity
of the stimuli around them Social Comparison - -Self-evaluation by
comparison with others (i.e., "I'm smarter than
they are" or "I'm more attractive than her/him")
Cognitive Misers - -they try to use as little
processing power possible to make decisions,
typically by heavy reliance on schemas to Homogeneity Effect - -The assumption that
, PSYC 1004 Exam 4 Questions with 100% Correct Answers
members of a particular out-group are Reciprocity - -A feeling of obligation arising
"homogenous," or very similar to each other on from the notion that we are in debt to someone
particular characteristics when they do us a favor
Stereotypes - -Assumptions that members Ingratiation - -A conscious effort to get
of a particular out-group share certain others to like us
characteristics or behaviors
Impression Management - -Actively
Halo Effect - -The tendency to make managing the way you believe others perceive
assumptions about a person based on a single you (e.g., buying clothes you cannot afford to
positive characteristic. This is best understood convey an appearance of wealth)
not in a religious sense (e.g., "good" or angelic)
but in terms of light - a "halo" radiating from a
single source of life, like the sun Self-Monitoring - -monitoring others'
reactions and adjusting our actions to change the
way we believe they perceive us
Prejudice - -Negative attitudes resulting
from stereotypes
Consistency - -The pressure we feel to
behave in ways that are in concert with our
Intergroup Contact Theory - -A theory that attitudes and beliefs, or to behave in ways we
states prejudice is based on a lack of , and more know others expect us to behave
contact between groups will lead to greater
understanding and less prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance - -Tension or
discomfort when an individual's attitudes and
Discrimination - -Negative action stemming beliefs are not aligned or consistent
from a stereotype
Self-Perception Theory - -Bashing our
Peripheral Route - -One of the two paths to attitudes or values from observing what behavior
changing an attitude; this route of attitude we choose to perform
change attempts to intervene on beliefs that are
not very strong
Foot-in-the-Door - -Obtaining a small
commitment in order to achieve a larger request
Central Route - -One of two paths to later
changing an attitude; this route of attitude
change attempts to intervene on core beliefs
(e.g., personal values or other strongly held Door-in-the-Face - -Making a large, often
ideas) irrational, request in order to make the smaller
request that follows seem much more reasonable
Social Cognition - -the thoughts we have navigate their environment
about the stimuli in our environment, which
typically arise when a schema is activated
Affiliation - -Connecting with others you
identify with in some way
Schemas - -Mental categories our brain
uses to quickly make a judgment about our
surroundings in order to save processing power. In-Group - -A group with which an
At their most basic level, they help us assess our individual is affiliated
approach to stimuli, and more complex schemas
can infer personality characteristics of people
around us and suggest how we should act. Out-Group - -A group an individual believes
s/he is not a part of nor affiliated with in particular
ways
Social Cognitive Biases - -A reliance on
schemas to make assumptions about social
situations; they are often incomplete but have Intergroup Bias - -The tendency to favor an
solidified over time and become a bias in-group (with which we identify) and undervalue
out-groups (those with which we do not identify)
Attribution - -An assumption of why a
person is acting a certain way In-Group Favoritism - -Believing our in-
group is better than certain out-groups, and
benefitting that in-group through thoughts and/or
Fundamental Attribution Error - -Attributing actions
a person's behavior to what we assume to be
his/her personality rather than factors outside of
that individual (e.g., the situation) Group-Serving Bias - -Accepting positive
aspects of our in-group despite evidence that
contradicts these beliefs
Self-Serving Bias - -Taking credit for our
successes and blaming failures on situational
factors in order to maintain a positive view of Attraction - -Feeling interested or drawn to
ourselves another person as a result of the individual's
characteristics (i.e., physical, intellectual, or
emotional) or social standing (i.e., popularity,
Cognitive Load - -The notion that people power, or affiliation)
can only process so much information at once,
given their capabilities and the amount/intensity
of the stimuli around them Social Comparison - -Self-evaluation by
comparison with others (i.e., "I'm smarter than
they are" or "I'm more attractive than her/him")
Cognitive Misers - -they try to use as little
processing power possible to make decisions,
typically by heavy reliance on schemas to Homogeneity Effect - -The assumption that
, PSYC 1004 Exam 4 Questions with 100% Correct Answers
members of a particular out-group are Reciprocity - -A feeling of obligation arising
"homogenous," or very similar to each other on from the notion that we are in debt to someone
particular characteristics when they do us a favor
Stereotypes - -Assumptions that members Ingratiation - -A conscious effort to get
of a particular out-group share certain others to like us
characteristics or behaviors
Impression Management - -Actively
Halo Effect - -The tendency to make managing the way you believe others perceive
assumptions about a person based on a single you (e.g., buying clothes you cannot afford to
positive characteristic. This is best understood convey an appearance of wealth)
not in a religious sense (e.g., "good" or angelic)
but in terms of light - a "halo" radiating from a
single source of life, like the sun Self-Monitoring - -monitoring others'
reactions and adjusting our actions to change the
way we believe they perceive us
Prejudice - -Negative attitudes resulting
from stereotypes
Consistency - -The pressure we feel to
behave in ways that are in concert with our
Intergroup Contact Theory - -A theory that attitudes and beliefs, or to behave in ways we
states prejudice is based on a lack of , and more know others expect us to behave
contact between groups will lead to greater
understanding and less prejudice
Cognitive Dissonance - -Tension or
discomfort when an individual's attitudes and
Discrimination - -Negative action stemming beliefs are not aligned or consistent
from a stereotype
Self-Perception Theory - -Bashing our
Peripheral Route - -One of the two paths to attitudes or values from observing what behavior
changing an attitude; this route of attitude we choose to perform
change attempts to intervene on beliefs that are
not very strong
Foot-in-the-Door - -Obtaining a small
commitment in order to achieve a larger request
Central Route - -One of two paths to later
changing an attitude; this route of attitude
change attempts to intervene on core beliefs
(e.g., personal values or other strongly held Door-in-the-Face - -Making a large, often
ideas) irrational, request in order to make the smaller
request that follows seem much more reasonable
