RADT 1200 – CHAPTER 6 EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Chemical building material for all living things - Answer- protoplasm
Made up of a molecule of glycerin & 3 molecules of fatty acid - Answer- lipids
Moderate or control the cell's various physiologic activities - Answer- enzymatic
proteins
Mineral salts - Answer- electrolytes
Chemical secretions manufactured by various endocrine glands and carried by the
bloodstream to influence the activities of other parts of the body - Answer-
hormones
Process of locating and identifying genes in the genome - Answer- mapping
Protein production - Answer- protein synthesis
Keep the correct proportion of water in the cell - Answer- sodium & potassium
a five-carbon sugar molecule - Answer- Deoxyribose
compounds called purines - Answer- Adenine & guanine
Compounds called pyrimidines - Answer- cytosine & thymine
The total amount of genetic material (DNA) contained within the chromosomes of a
human being - Answer- Human genome
Protein molecules produced by specialized cells in the bone marrow called B
lymphocytes - Answer- antibodies
Multiplication process whereby one cell divides to form two or more cells - Answer-
cell division
Saccarides - Answer- Carbohydrates
The phase of mitosis which the duplicate centromeres are severed and the sister
chromatids move apart and are subsequently pulled toward opposite poles of mitotic
spindle - Answer- Anaphase
, The frail, semipermeable, flexible structure encasing and surrounding the human cell
that functions as barricade to protect cellular contents from their outside
environment and also controls the passage of water and other materials into and out
of the cell - Answer- cell membrane
Segments of DNA that serve as the basic units of heredity - Answer- genes
Small, pealike sacs or single membrane spherical bodies that are of great
importance for digestion within the cytoplasm - Answer- lysosomes
What all the miniature cellular components present in the cytoplasm of the cell are
collectively called - Answer- cytoplasmic organelles
Compounds that do not contain carbon - Answer- inorganic compounds
All carbon compounds, both natural and artificial - Answer- organic compounds
Functions to assist in the linking of messenger RNA to the ribosome to facilitate
protein synthesis - Answer- Ribosomal RNA
Very large, complex macromolecules made up of nucleotides - Answer- Nucleic
acid
The period of cell growth that occurs before actual mitosis - Answer- interphase
In humans, how many genes are contained in all 46 chromosomes? - Answer-
about 30,000
The nucleolus contains what? - Answer- Ribonucleic acid and proteins
In the human cell, protein synthesis occurs where? - Answer- ribosomes
What are the phases of interphase? - Answer- G1
S
G2
DNA regulates cellular activity indirectly by reproducing itself in the form of
__________ _________ to carry genetic information from the cell nucleus to
ribosomes located in the cytoplasm. - Answer- Messanger RNA
Human cells contain what 4 major organic compounds? - Answer- proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
Carbohydrates also may be referred to as: - Answer- saccharides
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Chemical building material for all living things - Answer- protoplasm
Made up of a molecule of glycerin & 3 molecules of fatty acid - Answer- lipids
Moderate or control the cell's various physiologic activities - Answer- enzymatic
proteins
Mineral salts - Answer- electrolytes
Chemical secretions manufactured by various endocrine glands and carried by the
bloodstream to influence the activities of other parts of the body - Answer-
hormones
Process of locating and identifying genes in the genome - Answer- mapping
Protein production - Answer- protein synthesis
Keep the correct proportion of water in the cell - Answer- sodium & potassium
a five-carbon sugar molecule - Answer- Deoxyribose
compounds called purines - Answer- Adenine & guanine
Compounds called pyrimidines - Answer- cytosine & thymine
The total amount of genetic material (DNA) contained within the chromosomes of a
human being - Answer- Human genome
Protein molecules produced by specialized cells in the bone marrow called B
lymphocytes - Answer- antibodies
Multiplication process whereby one cell divides to form two or more cells - Answer-
cell division
Saccarides - Answer- Carbohydrates
The phase of mitosis which the duplicate centromeres are severed and the sister
chromatids move apart and are subsequently pulled toward opposite poles of mitotic
spindle - Answer- Anaphase
, The frail, semipermeable, flexible structure encasing and surrounding the human cell
that functions as barricade to protect cellular contents from their outside
environment and also controls the passage of water and other materials into and out
of the cell - Answer- cell membrane
Segments of DNA that serve as the basic units of heredity - Answer- genes
Small, pealike sacs or single membrane spherical bodies that are of great
importance for digestion within the cytoplasm - Answer- lysosomes
What all the miniature cellular components present in the cytoplasm of the cell are
collectively called - Answer- cytoplasmic organelles
Compounds that do not contain carbon - Answer- inorganic compounds
All carbon compounds, both natural and artificial - Answer- organic compounds
Functions to assist in the linking of messenger RNA to the ribosome to facilitate
protein synthesis - Answer- Ribosomal RNA
Very large, complex macromolecules made up of nucleotides - Answer- Nucleic
acid
The period of cell growth that occurs before actual mitosis - Answer- interphase
In humans, how many genes are contained in all 46 chromosomes? - Answer-
about 30,000
The nucleolus contains what? - Answer- Ribonucleic acid and proteins
In the human cell, protein synthesis occurs where? - Answer- ribosomes
What are the phases of interphase? - Answer- G1
S
G2
DNA regulates cellular activity indirectly by reproducing itself in the form of
__________ _________ to carry genetic information from the cell nucleus to
ribosomes located in the cytoplasm. - Answer- Messanger RNA
Human cells contain what 4 major organic compounds? - Answer- proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
Carbohydrates also may be referred to as: - Answer- saccharides
